Columbian (typography)
In typography, the point is the smallest typographic unit, unit of measure. It is used for measuring typeface, font size, leading, and other items on a printed page. The size of the point has varied throughout printing's history. Since the 18th century, the size of a point has been between 0.18 and 0.4 millimeters. Following the advent of desktop publishing in the 1980s and 1990s, digital printing has largely supplanted the printing press, letterpress printing and has established the DTP point (DeskTop Publishing point) as the de facto standard, ''de facto'' standard. The DTP point is defined as of an inch, international inch () and, as with earlier American point sizes, is considered to be of a pica (typography), pica. In metal type, the point size of the font describes the body height (typography), height of the metal body (typography), body on which the typeface's characters were cast. In digital type, letters of a font are designed around an imaginary space called an ' ...
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Grapheme
In linguistics, a grapheme is the smallest functional unit of a writing system. The word ''grapheme'' is derived and the suffix ''-eme'' by analogy with ''phoneme'' and other names of emic units. The study of graphemes is called ''graphemics''. The concept of graphemes is abstract and similar to the notion in computing of a Character (computing), character. By comparison, a specific shape that represents any particular grapheme in a given typeface is called a glyph. Conceptualization There are two main opposing grapheme concepts. In the so-called ''referential conception'', graphemes are interpreted as the smallest units of writing that correspond with sounds (more accurately phonemes). In this concept, the ''sh'' in the written English word ''shake'' would be a grapheme because it represents the phoneme Voiceless postalveolar fricative, /ʃ/. This referential concept is linked to the ''dependency hypothesis'' that claims that writing merely depicts speech. By contrast, t ...
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