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Collaboration In The German-occupied Soviet Union
A large number of Soviet citizens of various ethnicities collaborated with Nazi Germany during World War II. It is estimated that the number of Soviet collaborators with the Nazi German military was around 1 million. Aftermath of the German invasion Mass scale collaboration was a result of the German invasion of the Soviet Union of 1941, Operation Barbarossa. The two main forms of mass collaboration in the Nazi-occupied territories were both military in nature. It is estimated that anywhere between 600,000 and 1,400,000 Soviets (Russians and non-Russians) joined the Wehrmacht forces as ''Hiwis'' (or Hilfswillige) in the initial stages of Barbarossa, including 275,000 to 350,000 “Muslim and Caucasian” volunteers and conscripts, ahead of the subsequent implementation of the more oppressive administrative methods by the '' SS''. As much as 20% of the German manpower in Soviet Russia was composed of former Soviet citizens, about half of which were ethnic Russians. The Ukrainian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1975-099-15A, Russland, Kosaken In Der Wehrmacht
, type = Archive , seal = , seal_size = , seal_caption = , seal_alt = , logo = Bundesarchiv-Logo.svg , logo_size = , logo_caption = , logo_alt = , image = Bundesarchiv Koblenz.jpg , image_caption = The Federal Archives in Koblenz , image_alt = , formed = , preceding1 = , preceding2 = , dissolved = , superseding1 = , superseding2 = , agency_type = , jurisdiction = , status = Active , headquarters = PotsdamerStraße156075Koblenz , coordinates = , motto = , employees = , budget = million () , chief1_name = Michael Hollmann , chief1_position = President of the Federal Archives , chief2_name = Dr. Andrea Hänger , chief2_position ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuyev Republic
The Zuyev Republic, ''Respublika Zujeva'', also known as the Republic of Old Believers, ''Respublika staravieraŭ'', was an autonomous government in German-occupied Byelorussia during the Second World War. Located near Polotsk, the "republic" was composed primarily of villages inhabited by Old Believers. Its starosta was Mikhail Yevseyevich Zuyev, for whom it was named. Establishment Shortly after the beginning of Operation Barbarossa, while Red Army troops were retreating from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Mikhail Yevseyevich Zuyev, the starosta of the Old Believer village of Zaskari, declared an autonomous republic under Nazi Germany after consulting with his villagers. The self-declared "republic" was headquartered in Zaskarki, and initially limited to the borders of that village. A self-defence militia was organised, which 300 people (including women) joined. Approximately 100 people were permanent soldiers. Under the republic, private property was restored and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Covering an area of and with a population of 9.4 million, Belarus is the List of European countries by area, 13th-largest and the List of European countries by population, 20th-most populous country in Europe. The country has a hemiboreal climate and is administratively divided into Regions of Belarus, seven regions. Minsk is the capital and List of cities and largest towns in Belarus, largest city. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including Kievan Rus', the Principality of Polotsk, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lokot Autonomy
The Lokot Autonomy (russian: Ло́котское самоуправле́ние, lit=Lókotskoye samoupravléniye) or Lokot Republic (russian: Ло́котская республика, lit=Lókotskaya respublika, german: Republik Lokot) was an autonomous structure on the territory of the Central Russian oblasts of Bryansk, Oryol and Kursk from July 1942 to August 1943. The Wehrmacht entered the area in October 1941 and were forced out in August 1943. The autonomy was formed in July 1942, when six districts were added to the Lokot district. The autonomy's name was derived from the region's administrative center, the urban-type settlement of Lokot in Oryol Oblast (now located in Bryansk Oblast). The "Autonomy" covered the area of eight raions (the present-day Brasovsky, Dmitriyevsky, Dmitrovsky, Komarichsky, Navlinsky, Sevsky, Suzemsky and Zheleznogorsky districts) now divided between Bryansk, Oryol and Kursk Oblasts. Instead of being ruled by the German military admi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronislav Kaminski
Bronislav Vladislavovich Stroganof Kaminski (russian: Бронисла́в Владисла́вович Ками́нский, 16 June 1899 – 28 August 1944) was a Russian Nazi collaborator and the commander of the Kaminski Brigade, an anti-partisan and rear-security formation made up of people from the so-called Lokot Autonomy territory in the Nazi Germany occupied areas of the Soviet Union, which was later incorporated into the Waffen-SS as the ''SS Sturmbrigade RONA'' (Russian People Liberation Army – ''Russkaya Osvoboditelnaya Narodnaya Armiya'', RONA). Older publications mistakenly give his first name as ''Mieczyslaw''.Janusz Marszalec: Z krzyżem świętego Jerzego, "Polityka" nr 31/2001, ss.66-68 Under Kaminski's command, the unit committed numerous war crimes and atrocities in the German-occupied Soviet Union and Poland. Early life Bronislav (also transliterated German-style as "Bronislaw") Kaminski was born in Vitebsk Governorate, the Russian Empire, now in Polots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Russian Liberation People's Army
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigade in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian People's Labour Party
The Russian People's Labour Party (russian: Русская трудовая народная партия; ''Russkaya trudovaya narodnaya partiya'', RTNP), or Russian National Labour Party, was a collaborationist organisation, formed by the administration of Oflag XIII-B POW camp from the prisoned Soviet Russian members of the Red Army in 1941. All "party" activities were overseen by German counter-intelligence (''Abwehr''). p. 386 Its stated political aims were; "''With the help of the Germans, the Soviet authorities were to be overthrown. Private property was to be restored, and a state with a democratic republican regime was to be established.''" The party program was published in November 1941 (according to some accounts, on the November 7th anniversary of the October Revolution), and was distributed among the prisoners. In August 1941, a Committee for the Struggle Against Bolshevism was established which would form the basis for the RTNP. The party was founded in a German Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Protective Corps
The Russian Protective Corps (german: Russisches Schutzkorps, russian: Русский охранный корпус, sr, Руски заштитни корпус / Ruski zaštitni korpus) was an armed force composed of anti-communist White Russian émigrés that was raised in the German occupied territory of Serbia during World War II. Commanded for almost its whole existence by Lieutenant General Boris Shteifon, it served primarily as a guard force for factories and mines between late 1941 and early 1944, initially as the "Separate Russian Corps" then Russian Factory Protective Group. It was incorporated into the Wehrmacht on 1 December 1942 and later clashed with the communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and briefly with the Chetniks. In late 1944, it fought against the Red Army during the Belgrade Offensive, later withdrawing to Bosnia and Slovenia as the Germans retreated from the Balkans. After Shteifon′s death in Zagreb, the Independent State of Croatia, on 30 April 1945, Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian National People's Army
The Russian National People's Army (, ), abbreviated RNNA, was a Nazi German collaborationist military unit during World War II, led primarily by white émigrés with ties to American-based Russian fascist Anastasy Vonsiatsky. Name The Russian National People's Army, as it was called by its leaders, was known by several names during its existence. Though their chevrons and officially-produced material referred to them as such, German documents referred to them by two alternatively-used names; Sonderverband Graukopf ("Special Group Grey Skull") and Russische Bataillon z.b.V. (Special-Purpose Russian Battalion). History The proposal to create the Russian National People's Army was first proposed by white émigré Sergei Nikitich Ivanov (a representative of Anastasy Vonsiatsky with ties to the Wehrmacht and Nazi Party) in Berlin. The proposal was supported by a number of high-ranking Wehrmacht officers, among them generals Max von Schenckendorff, Hellmuth Stieff, and Clau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fyodor Truhin
Fyodor Ivanovich Truhin (russian: Фёдор Иванович Трухин; 26 December 18961 August 1946) was a Soviet major general during World War II. Following his capture during the Baltic Operation he defected to Nazi Germany becoming a leading member of the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia and the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists. In the aftermath of the German defeat he was captured by pro-Soviet Czech partisans, who in turn transferred him to the Soviet Union where he was executed for treason. Military career Fyodor Truhin was born on 29 February 1896, in Kostroma. Truhin's father Ivan was the leader of the Kostroma Governorate's nobility, and served as a state councillor after retiring from his service in the 1st Grenadier Artillery Brigade in the rank of captain. His mother Nadezhda descended from the Tregubov noble family. Truhin graduated from primary school in 1906, enrolling into the 2nd Kostroma Gymnasium from which he graduated in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Alliance Of Russian Solidarists
The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS; russian: Народно-трудовой союз российских солидаристов; НТС; ''Narodno-trudovoy soyuz rossiyskikh solidaristov'', ''NTS'') is a Russian anticommunist organization founded in 1930 by a group of young Russian anticommunist White emigres in Belgrade, Serbia (then part of Kingdom of Yugoslavia). The organization was formed in response to the older generation of Russian emigres (veterans of the White movement) who were perceived as being stagnant and resigned to their loss in the Russian Civil War. The youth which formed NTS decided to take an active role in fighting against communism by studying the newly emerging Soviet culture, the psyche of a person living in the Soviet Union, and developing a political program based on the concept of solidarism. Political program The solidarist ideology of NTS was built on the Christian understanding of people's collective social responsibility for e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
