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Chōhō (era)
was a after ''Chōtoku'' and before ''Kankō.'' This period spanned the years from January 999 through July 1004. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 999 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Chōtoku'' 5, on the 13th day of the 1st month of 999.Brown, p. 328. Events of the ''Chōhō'' era * 999 (''Chōhō 1, 11th month'': A daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga is accepted into the Imperial household as Emperor Ichijō's second empress consort. Aikio, better known as Fujiwara no Shōshi (988-1074), is given the title of ''Chūgū.Titsingh p. 153./ref> * 1001 (''Chōhō 3, 11th month''): The Imperial palace was destroyed by fire. * 1001 (''Chōhō 3, 12th month''): The widow of Emperor En'yū and the mother of Emperor Ichijō died. She was formerly known as Fujiwara no Senshi. Notes References * Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979) ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōsōin
The is the treasure house of Tōdai-ji Temple in Nara, Japan. The building is in the ''azekura'' ( log-cabin) style with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Great Buddha Hall. The Shōsō-in houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇)(701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (光明皇后)(701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tempyō (天平) era of Japanese history. History The construction of the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex was ordained by Emperor Shōmu as part of a national project of Buddhist temple construction. During the Tempyō period, the years during which Emperor Shōmu reigned, multiple disasters struck Japan as well as political uproar and epidemics. Because of these reasons Emperor Shōmu launched a project of provincial temples. The Tōdai-ji was appointed as the head temple of these provincial temples. Emperor Shōmu was a strong supporter of Buddhism and he thought it would strengthen his central authority as well. The orig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chōtoku
was a after '' Eiso'' and before '' Chōhō.'' This period spanned the years from February 995 through January 999. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 995 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shōryaku'' 6, on 22 February 995. Events of the ''Chōtoku'' era * 995 (''Chōtoku 1''): Fujiwara no Michinaga is given the office of ''Udaijin''. * 996 (''Chōtoku 2, 7th month''): Michinaga become ''Sadaijin''; and Fujiwara no Akimitsu is named ''Udaijin''.Titsingh p. 153./ref> Notes References * Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979) ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''Berkeley: University of California Press. OCLC 251325323* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon Odai Ichiran''; ou ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'' Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Orienta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kankō
was a after '' Chōhō'' and before ''Chōwa.'' This period spanned the years from July 1004 through December 1012. The reigning emperors were and . Change of Era * 1004 : The era name was changed to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kankō'' 6, on the 20th day of the 7th month of 1004. Events of the ''Kankō'' Era * March 17, 1008 (''Kankō 5, 8th day of the 2nd month''): The former-Emperor Kazan died at the age of 41. * July 16, 1011 (''Kankō 8, 13th day of the 6th month''): In the 5th year of Emperor Ichijō's reign (一条天皇5年), he abdicated; and the succession (‘‘senso’’) was received by his cousin. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Sanjō is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). * July 15, 1011 (''Kankō 8, 22nd day of the 6th month ''): ''Daijō-tennō'' Ichijō died at the age of 32. * November 21, 1011 (''Kankō 8, 24th day of the 10th month''): ''Daijō-tennō'' Reizei, who was E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Ichijō
was the 66th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 一条天皇 (66)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Ichijō's reign spanned the years from 986 to 1011. Biography Before he ascended to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Kanehito''-shinnō'' (懐仁). Kanehito''-shinnō'' was the first son of Emperor En'yū and Fujiwara no Senshi, a daughter of Fujiwara no Kaneie. Since there are no documented siblings, it is supposed that he was an only child. Ichijō had five Empresses or Imperial consorts and five Imperial sons and daughters. Events of Ichijō's life His reign coincided with the culmination of Heian period culture and the apex of the power of the Fujiwara clan. He ascended to the throne after a period of political instability that began within the Fujiwara clan after they successfully eliminated the Minamoto clan as a political rival. The internal power struggle that ensued within the Fujiwara saw the untime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Michinaga
was a Japanese statesman. The Fujiwara clan's control over Japan and its politics reached its zenith under his leadership. Early life Michinaga was born in Kyōto, the son of Kaneiye. Kaneiye had become Regent in 986, holding the position until the end of his life in 990. Due to the hereditary principle of the Fujiwara Regents, Michinaga was now in line to become Regent after his brothers, Michitaka and Michikane. Career Struggle with Korechika Michitaka was regent from 990 until 995, when he died. Michikane then succeeded him, famously ruling as Regent for only seven days, before he too died of disease. With his two elder brothers dead, Michinaga then struggled with Fujiwara no Korechika, Michitaka's eldest son and the successor he had named. Korechika was more popular at court than Michinaga, being a favourite of Empress Teishi and well-liked by the reigning Emperor Ichijō, and held multiple prestigious positions - he had been made Naidaijin the previous year, and Sangi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor En'yū
was the 64th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 円融天皇 (64)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. En'yū's reign spanned the years from 969 through 984. Biography Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Morihira''-shinnō''. Morihira''-shinnō'' was the fifth son of Emperor Murakami by the empress consort ''Anshi'', the daughter of Fujiwara no Morosuke, therefore the brother of Emperor Reizei. In 967, Morihira''-shinnō'' was appointed as the crown prince, bypassing his elder brother by the same mother, since his brother had no support from the Fujiwara clan. En'yū had five Empresses or Imperial consorts and one Imperial son.Brown, p. 300. Events of En'yū's life * 27 September 969 (''Anna 2, 13th day of the 8th month''): In the 3rd year of Emperor Reizei's reign (冷泉天皇三年), he abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by a younger brother. * 5 November 969 (''A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the retirement of William P. Sisler in 2017, the university appointed as Director George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imprint, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihon Odai Ichiran
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. It is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fields of literary and cultural studies, history, social work, sociology, religion, film, and international studies. History Founded in May 1893, In 1933 the first four volumes of the ''History of the State of New York'' were published. In early 1940s revenues rises, partially thanks to the ''Encyclopedia'' and the government's purchase of 12,500 copies for use by the military. Columbia University Press is notable for publishing reference works, such as ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'' (1935–present), ''The Columbia Granger's Index to Poetry'' (online as ''The Columbia World of Poetry Online'') and ''The Columbia Gazetteer of the World'' (also online) and for publishing music. First among American university presses to publish in electronic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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