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Chondrophora
The chondrophores or porpitids are a small group of hydrozoans in the family Porpitidae. Though it derives from an outdated name for this lineage (see below), some still find the term "chondrophore" useful as a synonym to "porpitid" in discussions of the two genera contained therein. They all live at the surface of the open ocean, and are colonies of carnivorous, free-floating hydroids whose role in the plankton community is similar to that of pelagic jellyfish. The chondrophores look like a single organism but are actually colonial animals, made up of orderly cooperatives of polyps living under specialized sail-structures. The most familiar members of the family Porpitidae are the blue button (''Porpita porpita'') and the by-the-wind sailor (''Velella velella''). Description The tiny individual animals are specialized to perform specific tasks; some form the central gas-filled disc (which is a golden brown colour and hardened by chitinous material) essential to keeping the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
By-the-wind Sailor
''Velella'' is a monospecific genus of hydrozoa in the Porpitidae family. Its only known species is ''Velella velella'', a cosmopolitan free-floating hydrozoan that lives on the surface of the open ocean. It is commonly known by the names sea raft, by-the-wind sailor, purple sail, little sail, or simply ''Velella''. This small cnidarian is part of a specialised ocean surface community that includes the better-known cnidarian siphonophore, the Portuguese man o' war. Specialized predatory gastropod molluscs prey on these cnidarians. Such predators include nudibranchs (sea slugs) in the genus ''Glaucus''Gosliner, T.M. (1987). ''Nudibranchs of Southern Africa'' page 127, and purple snails in the genus ''Janthina''.Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. (2010). ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa.'' Cape Town:Struik Nature. page 188. . Each apparent individual is a hydroid colony, and most are less than about 7 cm long. They are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velella
''Velella'' is a monospecific genus of hydrozoa in the Porpitidae family. Its only known species is ''Velella velella'', a cosmopolitan free-floating hydrozoan that lives on the surface of the open ocean. It is commonly known by the names sea raft, by-the-wind sailor, purple sail, little sail, or simply ''Velella''. This small cnidarian is part of a specialised ocean surface community that includes the better-known cnidarian siphonophore, the Portuguese man o' war. Specialized predatory gastropod molluscs prey on these cnidarians. Such predators include nudibranchs (sea slugs) in the genus ''Glaucus''Gosliner, T.M. (1987). ''Nudibranchs of Southern Africa'' page 127, and purple snails in the genus ''Janthina''.Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. (2010). ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa.'' Cape Town:Struik Nature. page 188. . Each apparent individual is a hydroid colony, and most are less than about 7 cm long. They are us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velella Sicily 060613
''Velella'' is a monospecific genus of hydrozoa in the Porpitidae family. Its only known species is ''Velella velella'', a cosmopolitan free-floating hydrozoan that lives on the surface of the open ocean. It is commonly known by the names sea raft, by-the-wind sailor, purple sail, little sail, or simply ''Velella''. This small cnidarian is part of a specialised ocean surface community that includes the better-known cnidarian siphonophore, the Portuguese man o' war. Specialized predatory gastropod molluscs prey on these cnidarians. Such predators include nudibranchs (sea slugs) in the genus ''Glaucus''Gosliner, T.M. (1987). ''Nudibranchs of Southern Africa'' page 127, and purple snails in the genus ''Janthina''.Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. (2010). ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa.'' Cape Town:Struik Nature. page 188. . Each apparent individual is a hydroid colony, and most are less than about 7 cm long. They are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porpita Porpita
''Porpita porpita'', or blue button, is a marine organism consisting of a colony of hydroids found in the warmer, tropical and sub-tropical waters of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, as well as the Mediterranean Sea and eastern Arabian Sea.Gul, Shahnawaz & Gravili, Cinzia. (2014). On the occurrence of Porpita porpita (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) at Pakistan coast (North Arabian Sea). Marine Biodiversity Records. 7. 10.1017/S1755267214000189. It was first identified by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, under the basionym ''Medusa porpita''.Lillo, Antonio & Tiralongo, Francesco & Tondo, Elena. (2019). New Records of Porpita porpita (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) in the Mediterranean Sea. Natural and Engineering Sciences. 4. 293-298. 10.28978/nesciences.646425.Calder, Dale. (2010). Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa. 2590. 10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1. In addition, it is one of the two genera under the suborder Chondropho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrozoa
Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; ) are a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the colonial species can be large, and in some cases the specialized individual animals cannot survive outside the colony. A few genera within this class live in freshwater habitats. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals and belong to the phylum Cnidaria. Some examples of hydrozoans are the freshwater jelly (''Craspedacusta sowerbyi''), freshwater polyps ('' Hydra''), ''Obelia'', Portuguese man o' war (''Physalia physalis''), chondrophores (Porpitidae), "air fern" (''Sertularia argentea''), and pink-hearted hydroids (''Tubularia''). Anatomy Most hydrozoan species include both a polyp (zoology), polypoid and a medusa (biology), medusoid stage in their lifecycles, although a number of them have only one or the other. For example, ''Hydra'' has no medusoid stage, while ''Liriope tetraphylla, Lir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrozoan
Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; ) are a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the colonial species can be large, and in some cases the specialized individual animals cannot survive outside the colony. A few genera within this class live in freshwater habitats. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals and belong to the phylum Cnidaria. Some examples of hydrozoans are the freshwater jelly (''Craspedacusta sowerbyi''), freshwater polyps ('' Hydra''), ''Obelia'', Portuguese man o' war (''Physalia physalis''), chondrophores (Porpitidae), "air fern" (''Sertularia argentea''), and pink-hearted hydroids (''Tubularia''). Anatomy Most hydrozoan species include both a polypoid and a medusoid stage in their lifecycles, although a number of them have only one or the other. For example, ''Hydra'' has no medusoid stage, while '' Liriope'' lacks the polypoid stage. Polyps The hydroid fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthomedusae
Anthoathecata, or the athecate hydroids, are an order of hydrozoans belonging to the phylum Cnidaria. A profusion of alternate scientific names exists for this long-known, heavily discussed, and spectacular group. It has also been called Gymnoblastea and (with or without an emended ending ''-ae''), Anthomedusa, Athecata, Hydromedusa, and Stylasterina. There are about 1,200 species worldwide.Schuchert, P. (2014). Anthoathecata. Accessed through: Schuchert, P. (2014) World Hydrozoa database at http://www.marinespecies.org/hydrozoa/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=13551 on 2014-10-31 These hydrozoans always have a polyp stage. Their hydranths grow either solitary or in colonies. There is no firm perisarc around the polyp body. The medusae, or jellyfish, are solitary animals, with tentacles arising from the bell margin, lacking statocysts but possessing radial canals. Their gonads are on the manubrium ("handle").Bouillon, J.; Gravili, C.; Pagès, F.; Gili, J.-M.; Boero, F. (2006). An intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cellophane
Cellophane is a thin, transparent sheet made of regenerated cellulose. Its low permeability to air, oils, greases, bacteria, and liquid water makes it useful for food packaging. Cellophane is highly permeable to water vapour, but may be coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to prevent this. Cellophane is also used in transparent pressure-sensitive tape, tubing and many other similar applications. Cellophane is compostable and biodegradable, and can be obtained from biomaterials. Production, however, uses carbon disulfide (CS2), which has been found to be highly toxic to workers. The lyocell process, however, can be used to produce cellulose film without involving carbon disulfide. "Cellophane" is a generic term in some countries, while in other countries it is a registered trademark. Production Cellulose from wood, cotton, hemp, or other sources is dissolved in alkali and carbon disulfide to make a solution called viscose, which is then extruded through a slit into a bath of dilu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turquoise (color)
Turquoise ( ) is a blue-green color, based on the mineral of the same name. The word ''turquoise'' dates to the 17th century and is derived from the French , meaning 'Turkish', because the mineral was first brought to Europe through Turkey from mines in the historical Khorasan province of Iran (Persia) and Afghanistan. The first recorded use of ''turquoise'' as a color name in English was in 1573. The X11 color named turquoise is displayed on the right. Turquoise gemstones Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula Cu Al6( P O4)4(O H)8·4 H2O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. In many cultures of the Old and New Worlds, this gemstone has been esteemed for thousands of years as a holy stone, a bringer of good fortune or a talisman. The oldest evidence for this claim was found in ancien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mantle (biology)
A mantle is a piece of clothing, a type of cloak. Several other meanings are derived from that. Mantle may refer to: *Mantle (clothing), a cloak-like garment worn mainly by women as fashionable outerwear **Mantle (vesture), an Eastern Orthodox vesture worn by monastics and higher clergy **Mantle (royal garment), a garment worn by monarchs and princes as a symbol of authority **Mantle (heraldry), a heraldic element *Mantle (geology), a layer in the interior of a planet ** The Earth's mantle *Mantle (surname) *Mantle, a feature of bird anatomy *Mantle (climbing), the external covering of a climbing rope. *Mantle, a black and white dog coat colour, especially in Great Danes *Mantle (mollusc), a layer of tissue in molluscs which secretes the shell *Fireplace mantle or mantel, the hood over the grate of a fire *Gas mantle, a device for generating bright white light when heated by a flame *Mantle Site, Wendat (Huron) Ancestral Village, in Whitchurch-Stouffville, near Toronto *Mantle (API ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siphonophorae
Siphonophorae (from Greek ''siphōn'' 'tube' + ''pherein'' 'to bear') is an order within Hydrozoa, which is a class of marine organisms within the phylum Cnidaria. According to the World Register of Marine Species, the order contains 175 species thus far. Although a siphonophore may appear to be an individual organism, each specimen is in fact a colonial organism composed of medusoid and polypoid zooids that are morphologically and functionally specialized. Zooids are multicellular units that develop from a single fertilized egg and combine to create functional colonies able to reproduce, digest, float, maintain body positioning, and use jet propulsion to move. Most colonies are long, thin, transparent floaters living in the pelagic zone. Like other hydrozoans, some siphonophores emit light to attract and attack prey. While many sea animals produce blue and green bioluminescence, a siphonophore in the genus ''Erenna'' was only the second life form found to produce a red li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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