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Chironex
''Chironex'' is a genus of box jellyfish in the family Chirodropidae. Their stings are highly venomous, and have caused human fatalities. Based on present knowledge, the genus is restricted to the central Indo-Pacific, ranging from southern Japan to northern Australia.Fenner, P. J. (2000). Chironex fleckeri – the north Australian box-jellyfish.' marine-medic.com Species The World Register of Marine Species lists the following species: *''Chironex fleckeri'' Southcott, 1956 *'' Chironex indrasaksajiae'' Sucharitakul, 2017 *''Chironex yamaguchii ''Chironex yamaguchii'', commonly known as ハブクラゲ (transliterated as habu-kurage, literally meaning "Viper Jellyfish" in Japanese) and as "hub jellyfish" due to erroneous machine translations, is a species of box jellyfish found in coas ...'' Lewis & Bentlage, 2009 References Chirodropidae Medusozoa genera {{Cubozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironex Fleckeri
''Chironex fleckeri'', commonly known as the Australian box jelly, and nicknamed the sea wasp, is a species of extremely venomous box jellyfish found in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea to Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam.Fenner, P. J. (2000). Chironex fleckeri – the north Australian box-jellyfish.' marine-medic.com It has been described as "the most lethal jellyfish in the world", with at least 64 known deaths in Australia from 1884 to 2021. Notorious for its sting, ''C. fleckeri'' has tentacles up to long covered with millions of cnidocytes which, on contact, release microscopic darts delivering an extremely powerful venom. Being stung commonly results in excruciating pain, and if the sting area is significant, an untreated victim may die in two to five minutes.Biology, 7ed. Campell & Reece The amount of venom in one animal is said to be enough to kill 60 adult humans. Taxonomy ''Chironex fleckeri'' was named after North Queensland toxicologist and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Box Jellyfish
Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e. cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including ''Chironex fleckeri'', ''Carukia barnesi'', ''Malo kingi'', and a few others, are extremely painful and often fatal to humans. Taxonomy and systematics At least 51 species of box jellyfish were known as of 2018. These are grouped into two orders and eight families. A few new species have since been described, and it is likely that additional undescribed species remain. Cubozoa represents the smallest cnidarian class with approximately 50 species. Class Cubozoa * Order Carybdeida ** Family Alatinidae ** Family Carukiidae ** Family Carybdeidae ** Family Tamoyidae ** Family Tripedaliidae * Order Chirodropida ** Family Chirodropidae ** Family Chiropsalmidae ** Family Chiropsellidae Description The medusa form of a box jellyfish has a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironex Indrasaksajiae
''Chironex indrasaksajiae'', locally known as Mangkaprun Klong, Mangkaprun Sarhai or Sarong, is a species of box jellyfish in a coastal water of the northern and eastern Gulf of Thailand. It has been accused of causing fatalities in the area as it is a member of the genus '' Chironex.'' Taxonomy All species in the genus were named after a person related to the jellyfish research. The ''Chironex indrasaksajiae'', however, was named after a Thai princess, princess Indrasakdi Sachi th, อินทรศักดิศจี , birth_name = Praphai Sucharitakul , birth_date = , birth_place = Bangkok, Siam , death_date = , death_place = Bangkok, Thailand } Princess Indrasakdi Sachi ( th, อินทรศักดิ ... ( RTGS: ''Inthrasak Sachi''; formerly Queen Indrasakdi Sachi). It seems like a norm for Thai scientists to name species after members of their royal family members as the Thai royal family members have had enormous influences in their life such as advan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironex Yamaguchii
''Chironex yamaguchii'', commonly known as ハブクラゲ (transliterated as habu-kurage, literally meaning "Viper Jellyfish" in Japanese) and as "hub jellyfish" due to erroneous machine translations, is a species of box jellyfish found in coastal waters around Japan, on Okinawa and the Ryukyu Islands, and in the Philippines. Discovered in 2009, it is highly venomous and has been the cause of several deaths in Japanese waters. Taxonomy In the past, this species was considered conspecific with ''Chiropsalmus quadrigatus'' found in Malaysia. That name however, is now considered as a '' nomen dubium'' and it is no longer recognized as a separate species. It has now been established that ''Chironex yamaguchii'' is a different species and is more closely related to ''Chironex fleckeri'', however, the name ''Chiropsalmus quadrigatus'' is widely used in the literature. Description The medusa is box-shaped and has a maximum height of about which is only about one half to one third th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chirodropidae
Chirodropidae is a family of venomous box jellyfish within the class Cubozoa. Like other members of the order Chirodropida, they have branched pedalia (muscular bases at the corners of their cubic umbrella), in contrast to the unbranched pedalia of box jellyfish in the order Carybdeida. Each branch houses its own individual tentacle. Nematocyst composition and type can vary among individuals within this family based on body size and life stage. Like other box jellyfish, chirodropids can be found in coastal and shallow marine areas, but they have also been found to occur at benthic depths. Genera *'' Chirodectes'' Gershwin, 2006 :*'' Chirodectes maculatus'' (Cornelius, Fenner & Hore, 2005) *'' Chirodropus'' Haeckel, 1880 :*'' Chirodropus gorilla'' Haeckel, 1880 :*'' Chirodropus palmatus'' Haeckel, 1880 *''Chironex'' Southcott, 1956 :*''Chironex fleckeri'' Southcott, 1956 :*'' Chironex indrasaksajiae'' Sucharitakul, 2017 :*''Chironex yamaguchii ''Chironex yamaguchii'', c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ronald Vernon Southcott
Ronald Vernon Southcott (15 May 1918 in Adelaide – 9 April 1998) was an Australian medical zoologist specializing in Acari, mites and ticks. Biography After finishing school at St Peter's College, Adelaide Southcott started working on mites, or the acari, at the age of 16 with Herbert Womersley the acarologist at the South Australian Museum. Womersley described and named the trombidiid mite, which Southcott had collected on a cycling trip in the hills near Adelaide in 1934, ''Microtrombidium southcotti'', after Southcott. Southcott considered that act by Herb Womersley, "hooked me on mites". Southcott studied medicine at the University of Adelaide where he graduated in 1941. Southcott then served in the Australian Army Medical Corps from 1942 to 1946. While he was stationed at Cairns he started working on the taxonomy and medical effects of jellyfish, the subject for which he was later to become famous. His more than 230 papers on the red mites include a classic revision of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venomous
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called envenomation. Venom is often distinguished from poison, which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and toxungen, which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and haemotoxins, which disrupt blood clotting. Venomous animals cause tens of thousan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo-Pacific
The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the seas connecting the two in the general area of Indonesia. It does not include the temperate and polar regions of the Indian and Pacific oceans, nor the Tropical Eastern Pacific, along the Pacific coast of the Americas, which is also a distinct marine realm. The term is especially useful in marine biology, ichthyology, and similar fields, since many marine habitats are continuously connected from Madagascar to Japan and Oceania, and a number of species occur over that range, but are not found in the Atlantic Ocean. The region has an exceptionally high species richness, with the world's highest species richness being found in at its heart in the Coral Triangle, and a remarkable gradient of decreasing species richness radiating outward in al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Register Of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialists on each group of organism. These taxonomists control the quality of the information, which is gathered from the primary scientific literature as well as from some external regional and taxon-specific databases. WoRMS maintains valid names of all marine organisms, but also provides information on synonyms and invalid names. It is an ongoing task to maintain the registry, since new species are constantly being discovered and described by scientists; in addition, the nomenclature and taxonomy of existing species is often corrected or changed as new research is constantly being published. Subsets of WoRMS content are made available, and can have separate badging and their own home/launch pages, as "subregisters", such as the ''World List of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venomous Animals
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called envenomation. Venom is often distinguished from poison, which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and Toxungen, toxungen, which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrosis, necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and Hemotoxin, haemotoxins, which disrupt Thrombus, blood clotting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
