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Chiloglottis
''Chiloglottis'', commonly known as wasp orchids, ant orchids or bird orchids, is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is found in eastern Australia and New Zealand. Wasp orchids are terrestrial herbs which grow in colonies of genetically identical plants. They usually have two leaves at the base of the plant and a single resupinate ("upside-down") flower. The labellum is more or less diamond-shaped and has calli resembling the body of a wingless female wasp. Taxonomy and naming The genus ''Chiloglottis'' was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown. Brown described '' Chiloglottis diphylla'' at the same time, making it the type species. David Jones has transferred some species, especially those commonly known as "bird orchids" (''Simpliglottis'') and "ant orchids" (''Myrmechila'') to other genera, but the change has not been widely accepted. Distribution This genus of orchids is native to Australia and New Zealand (i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiloglottis Reflexa
''Chiloglottis reflexa'', commonly known as the short-clubbed wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-eastern Australia. It has two broad leaves and a single greenish-bronze or purplish flower with an ant-like callus covering most of the top of the labellum. Description ''Chiloglottis reflexa'' is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two egg-shaped to elliptic leaves long and wide. A single greenish-bronze or purplish flower long and wide is borne on a flowering stem high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, long and wide. The lateral sepals are linear, long, less than wide and curve downwards. There is a glandular tip long on the end of the dorsal sepal and long on the lateral sepals. The petals are oblong, long, about wide and turned downwards near the ovary. The labellum is held horizontally, diamond-shaped, long and wide. The callus resembles a large black ant surrounded by thin, stalked glands and covers most of the labellum. The co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiloglottis Cornuta
''Chiloglottis cornuta'', commonly known as the green bird orchid, is a species of orchid found in south-eastern Australia and in New Zealand, including many of its offshore islands. It has two broad leaves and a single green or pinkish flower with six to eight rounded, flattened green, reddish or blackish calli on the labellum. Description ''Chiloglottis cornuta'' is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two elliptic leaves long and wide on a petiole long. A single green to reddish flower long and wide is borne on a flowering stem high. The dorsal sepal is lance-shaped to egg-shaped, long and wide. The lateral sepals are long, about wide and curve forwards. There is a glandular tip about long on the sepals. The petals are linear to lance-shaped, long, about wide and spread widely apart from each other. The labellum is heart-shaped, long and wide with six to eight rounded dark red, green, reddish or blackish calli. The column is erect, almost as long ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiloglottis Diphylla
''Chiloglottis diphylla'', commonly known as the common wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to Australia. It has two broad leaves and a single narrow, greenish brown to reddish flower with a black, insect-like callus covering the upper surface of the labellum. Description ''Chiloglottis diphylla'' is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two leaves long and wide. A single greenish brown to reddish flower long and wide is borne on a flowering stem high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, long and about wide with a glandular tip a further long. The lateral sepals are long, about wide and curve downwards. There is a glandular tip long on the end of each lateral sepal. The petals are oblong, long, about wide and turned strongly downwards. The labellum is diamond-shaped, long and wide with a black, insect-like callus covering most of its upper surface. Flowering occurs from February to May. Taxonomy and naming ''Chiloglottis diphylla'' was first form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiloglottis Formicifera (labelled)
''Chiloglottis formicifera'', commonly known as the common ant orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has two broad leaves and a single narrow, greenish or reddish flower with a black, ant-like callus covering most of the upper surface of the labellum. There is a single record of this species from New Zealand. Description ''Chiloglottis formicifera'' is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two leaves long and wide. A single greenish or reddish flower long and wide is borne on a flowering stem high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, long and about wide. The lateral sepals are long, about wide and erect at the base then curve downwards. There is a glandular tip about long on the end of all three sepals. The petals are lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, long, about wide and turned strongly downwards. The labellum is diamond-shaped, long and wide with a narrow, shiny black, ant-like callus covering most of its upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labellum (botany)
In botany, the labellum (or lip) is the part of the flower of an orchid or '' Canna'', or other less-known genera, that serves to attract insects, which pollinate the flower, and acts as a landing platform for them. ''Labellum'' (plural: ''labella'') is the Latin diminutive of ''labrum'', meaning lip. The labellum is a modified petal and can be distinguished from the other petals and from the sepals by its large size and its often irregular shape. It is not unusual for the other two petals of an orchid flower to look like the sepals, so that the labellum stands out as distinct. Bailey, L. H. ''Gentes Herbarum: Canna x orchiodes''. (Ithaca), 1 (3): 120 (1923); Khoshoo, T. N. & Guha, I. ''Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas.'' Vikas Publishing House. In orchids, the labellum is the modified median petal that sits opposite from the fertile anther and usually highly modified from the other perianth segments. It is often united with the column and can be hinged or movable, fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-pollination
Self-pollination is a form of pollination in which pollen from the same plant arrives at the Stigma (botany), stigma of a flower (in flowering plants) or at the ovule (in gymnosperms). There are two types of self-pollination: in autogamy, pollen is transferred to the Stigma (botany), stigma of the same flower; in geitonogamy, pollen is transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on the same flowering plant, or from Microsporangia, microsporangium to ovule within a single (Monoecy, monoecious) gymnosperm. Some plants have mechanisms that ensure autogamy, such as flowers that do not open (cleistogamy), or stamens that move to come into contact with the stigma. The term selfing that is often used as a synonym, is not limited to self-pollination, but also applies to other types of self-fertilization. Occurrence Few plants self-pollinate without the aid of pollen vectors (such as wind or insects). The mechanism is seen most often in some legumes such as p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thynnidae
The Thynnidae (also known as thynnid wasps or flower wasps) are a family of large, solitary wasps whose larvae are almost universally parasitoids of various beetle larvae, especially those in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Until recently, the constituents of this family were classified in the family Tiphiidae, but multiple studies have independently confirmed that thynnids are a separate lineage. Description Most species are small, but they can be up to 30 mm long. The females of some subfamilies (all Diamminae, Methochinae, and Thynninae) are wingless, and hunt ground-dwelling (fossorial) beetle larvae, or (in one species) mole crickets. The prey is paralysed with the female's sting, and an egg is laid on it so the wasp larva has a ready supply of food. In species where both sexes are winged, males are similar in size to the females, but are much more slender. The males of species with wingless females, however, are often much larger than the females and have wings; the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasp
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder. The wasps do not constitute a clade, a complete natural group with a single ancestor, as bees and ants are deeply nested within the wasps, having evolved from wasp ancestors. Wasps that are members of the clade Aculeata can Stinger, sting their prey. The most commonly known wasps, such as yellowjackets and hornets, are in the family Vespidae and are Eusociality, eusocial, living together in a nest with an egg-laying queen and non-reproducing workers. Eusociality is favoured by the unusual haplodiploid system of sex-determination system, sex determination in Hymenoptera, as it makes sisters exceptionally closely related to each other. However, the majority of wasp species are solitary, with each adult female living and breeding independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sepal
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived . Collectively the sepals are called the calyx (plural calyces), the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. The word ''calyx'' was adopted from the Latin ,Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, 4th ed 1928 not to be confused with 'cup, goblet'. ''Calyx'' is derived from Greek 'bud, calyx, husk, wrapping' ( Sanskrit 'bud'), while is derived from Greek 'cup, goblet', and the words have been used interchangeably in botanical Latin. After flowering, most plants have no more use for the calyx which withers or becomes vestigial. Some plants retain a thorny calyx, either dried or live, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pheromone
A pheromone () is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting like hormones outside the body of the secreting individual, to affect the behavior of the receiving individuals. There are ''alarm signal, alarm pheromones'', ''food trail pheromones'', ''sex pheromones'', and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology. Background The portmanteau word "pheromone" was coined by Peter Karlson and Martin Lüscher in 1959, based on the Greek φερω ''pheroo'' ('I carry') and ὁρμων ''hormon'' ('stimulating'). P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antipodes Islands
The Antipodes Islands ( Maōri: Moutere Mahue; "Abandoned island") are inhospitable and uninhabited volcanic islands in subantarctic waters to the south of – and territorially part of – New Zealand. The 21 km2 archipelago lies 860 km to the southeast of Stewart Island/Rakiura, and 730 km to the northeast of Campbell Island. They are very close to being the antipodal point to Normandy in France, meaning that the city farthest away is Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, France. The island group consists of one main island, Antipodes Island, of 20 km2 area, Bollons Island to the north, and numerous small islets and stacks. The islands are listed with the New Zealand Outlying Islands. The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district, but instead ''Area Outside Territorial Authority'', like all the other outlying islands except the Solander Islands. Ecologically, the islands are part of the Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Column (botany)
The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae. It is derived from the fusion of both male and female parts (stamens and pistil) into a single organ. The top part of the column is formed by the anther, which is covered by an anther cap. This means that the ''style'' and ''stigma'' of the pistil, with the filaments and one or more anthers, are all united. Orchidaceae The stigma sits at the apex of the column in the front but is pointing downwards after resupination (the rotation by 180 degrees before unfolding of the flower). This stigma has the form of a small bowl, the clinandrium, a viscous surface embedding the (generally) single anther. On top of it all is the anther cap. Sometimes there is a small extension or little beak to the median stigma lobe, called rostellum. Column wings may project laterally from the stigma. The column foot is formed by the atta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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