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Chilean–Peruvian Territorial Dispute
The Chilean–Peruvian territorial dispute is a territorial dispute between Chile and Peru that started in the aftermath of the War of the Pacific and ended significantly in 1929 with the signing of the Treaty of Lima and in 2014 with a ruling by the International Court of Justice. The dispute applies since 2014 to a 37,610 km2 territory in the Chile–Peru border, as a result of the maritime dispute between both states. Background Unlike other South American border conflicts, after the Chilean and Peruvian wars of independence, both countries did not share a border until 1883 due to Bolivia's Litoral Department. With the War of the Pacific beginning in 1879, the Chilean land and naval campaigns saw quick success, with the war ending with Peru signing the Treaty of Ancón in 1883, and Bolivia signing the Treaty of Valparaiso the following year. As a result of the former treaty, Peru ceded its Tarapacá Department and established a new border with Chile, while the Chilean g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South American Territorial Disputes
The South American territorial disputes are the territorial disputes and litigations that have developed in South America since the aftermath of the continent's wars of independence, which have shaped the current political geography of the region. These conflicts have been resolved through both military and diplomatic means. The most recent conflict in the Americas of this nature was the Cenepa War in 1995, between Ecuador and Peru. History 18th century conflicts *Guaraní War (1753–1756): Armed conflict involving the Guarani tribes of the Jesuit missions against Spanish and Portuguese troops, as a consequence of the Treaty of Madrid, which defined a demarcation line between Spanish and Portuguese colonial territory in South America. The established boundary was demarcated by the Uruguay River, with Portugal owning the territory to the east of the river and Spain to the west. With this, the seven Jesuit missions east of the Uruguay River, known as the '' Misiones Orientales'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square patchwork with the (top left to bottom right) diagonals forming colored stripes (green, blue, purple, red, orange, yellow, white, green, blue, purple, red, orange, yellow, from top right to bottom left) , other_symbol = , other_symbol_type = Dual flag: , image_coat = Escudo de Bolivia.svg , national_anthem = " National Anthem of Bolivia" , image_map = BOL orthographic.svg , map_width = 220px , alt_map = , image_map2 = , alt_map2 = , map_caption = , capital = La Paz Sucre , largest_city = , official_languages = Spanish , languages_type = Co-official languages , languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is an American non-profit news agency headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1846, it operates as a cooperative, unincorporated association. It produces news reports that are distributed to its members, U.S. newspapers and broadcasters. The AP has earned 56 Pulitzer Prizes, including 34 for photography, since the award was established in 1917. It is also known for publishing the widely used '' AP Stylebook''. By 2016, news collected by the AP was published and republished by more than 1,300 newspapers and broadcasters, English, Spanish, and Arabic. The AP operates 248 news bureaus in 99 countries. It also operates the AP Radio Network, which provides newscasts twice hourly for broadcast and satellite radio and television stations. Many newspapers and broadcasters outside the United States are AP subscribers, paying a fee to use AP material without being contributing members of the cooperative. As part of their cooperative agreement with the AP, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Montreal Gazette
The ''Montreal Gazette'', formerly titled ''The Gazette'', is the only English-language daily newspaper published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of the 20th century. It is one of the French-speaking province's last two English-language dailies; the other is the ''Sherbrooke Record'', which serves the anglophone community in Sherbrooke and the Eastern Townships southeast of Montreal. Founded in 1778 by Fleury Mesplet, ''The Gazette'' is Quebec's oldest daily newspaper and Canada's oldest daily newspaper still in publication. The oldest newspaper overall is the English-language '' Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph'', which was established in 1764 and is published weekly. History Fleury Mesplet founded a French-language weekly newspaper called ''La Gazette du commerce et littéraire, pour la ville et district de Montréal'' on June 3, 1778. It was the first entirely French-language newspaper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarapacá Province
Tarapacá was a province in Chile, from 1883 to 1928. It was ceded to Chile under the Treaty of Ancón, formerly being part of the Peruvian province of the same name. History The province was created in 1883, having been awarded to Chile under the Treaty of Ancón, along with Tacna. Administrative divisions The original administrative divisions in 1884 were as follows: On December 30, 1927, Tarapacá Province was renamed to Iquique Province, creating the following: After the Treaty of Lima, in 1929, Tacna Province, along with Tacna Department, are dissolved and returned to Peru, with Arica Department going to Tarapacá Province, with a new area of 58.072 km². En 1974, the Tarapacá Region is created out of the former Tarapacá Province, as well as the Antofagasta Province. See also * War of the Pacific * Treaty of Ancón * Consequences of the War of the Pacific * Chilenization of Tacna, Arica and Tarapacá * Tacna Province (Chile) * Litoral Department * Arica Provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locumba
Locumba is a town in the Tacna Region in southern Peru. It is the capital of Jorge Basadre Province. From 1890 to 1929, the town served as the provisional capital of Tacna Department due to the city of Tacna Tacna is a city in southern Peru and the regional capital of the Tacna Region. A very commercially active city, it is located only north of the border with Arica y Parinacota Region from Chile, inland from the Pacific Ocean and in the valley of ... being under Chilean administration at the time. References Populated places in the Tacna Region {{Tacna-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plebiscite
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory. In some countries, it is synonymous with or commonly known by other names including plebiscite, votation, popular consultation, ballot question, ballot measure, or proposition. Some definitions of 'plebiscite' suggest it is a type of vote to change the constitution or government of a country. The word, 'referendum' is often a catchall, used for both legislative referrals and initiatives. Etymology 'Referendum' is the gerundive form of the Latin verb , literally "to carry back" (from the verb , "to bear, bring, carry" plus the inseparable prefix , here meaning "back"Marchant & Charles, Cassell's Latin Dictionary, 1928, p. 469.). As a gerundive is an adjective,A ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tacna Province (Chile)
The Tacna Province was a territorial division of Chile that existed between 1884 and 1929. It was ceded by the Treaty of Ancón in 1883 and placed under military administration, and then created on the 31st of October 1884, incorporating the former Peruvian provinces of Tacna and Arica of the also former Tacna Department, as well as a contested claim over Tarata, and was returned to Peru at midnight on the 28th of August 1929, under the terms agreed upon in the Treaty of Lima of the same year. History The province was first established on October 31, 1883 by a law promulgated by President Domingo Santa María which defined its limits as the Sama River to the north, the ''Quebrada de Camarones'' to the south, the Andes mountain range to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. This was under the conditions of Treaty of Ancón, by means of which Chile achieved dominion over the Tarapacá Department, and possession of the provinces of Tacna and Arica for a decade, after whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarapacá Department (Peru)
Tarapacá was a Department of Peru, which existed between 1878 and 1884, when it was unconditionally ceded to Chile after the War of the Pacific under the Treaty of Ancón. History The department was located in southern Peru, near the Pacific Ocean. It was limited to the north by the Arica Province within Moquegua Department, in the south and east by Bolivia, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The curaca (tribal chief) of the coastal region in Tarapacá of the Kingdom of Chucuito was Felipe Lucaya, until the Spanish conquest. In 1600, parcels Lluta, Arica, Azapa, Tarapacá were handed over to Pedro Mesia Cordova, who then handed over the valleys of Tácana and Sama. In 1612 Pope Paolo V authorizes the establishment of the Diocese of Arequipa in which were seven jurisdictions including the district of San Marcos Arica comprising the regions of Tacna, Tarata, Sama, Ilabaya, Locumba, Putina and Tarapacá. By 1777 the village of Arica was composed of Ilo, Tacna, Arica, Iquiq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Valparaiso
The ''Treaty of Valparaiso'' was an agreement between Chile and Bolivia that ended the War of the Pacific. Signed on April 4, 1884, the third treaty of the war forced Bolivia to give Antofagasta Antofagasta () is a port city in northern Chile, about north of Santiago. It is the capital of Antofagasta Province and Antofagasta Region. According to the 2015 census, the city has a population of 402,669. After the Spanish American wars ... to Chile. References See also {{Law Treaties concluded in 1884 1884 in Chile 1884 in Bolivia Bolivia–Chile treaties Peace treaties Treaties involving territorial changes War of the Pacific Treaties entered into force in 1884 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Ancón
The Treaty of Ancón was a peace treaty signed by Chile and Peru on 20 October 1883, in Ancón, near Lima. It was intended to settle the two nations' remaining territorial differences at the conclusion of their involvement in the War of the Pacific and to stabilise post-bellum relations between them. Under the treaty's terms, Chile gained control over Tarapacá. Chile was also to retain the conquered provinces of Tacna and Arica for ten years, after which their fate was to be decided by a plebiscite, which was never held.Egaña, Rafael (1900) ''The Tacna and Arica question. Historical antecedents.--Diplomatic action. Present state of the affair'' (translated from the Spanish edition by Edwin C. Reed) Barcelona Printing Office, Santiago, Chile, The Tacna–Arica question would only be settled in 1929, through the mediation of the United States under President Herbert Hoover. This treaty, known as the Treaty of Lima, ceded Arica to Chile, while Peru regained Tacna and received ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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