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Chicano Blowouts
The East Los Angeles Walkouts or Chicano Blowouts were a series of 1968 protests by Chicano students against unequal conditions in Los Angeles Unified School District high schools. The first walkout occurred on March 5, 1968. The students who organized and carried out the protests were primarily concerned with the quality of their education. This movement, which involved thousands of students in the Los Angeles area, was identified as "the first major mass protest against racism undertaken by Mexican-Americans in the history of the United States." The day before the walkouts began, FBI director J. Edgar Hoover sent out a memo to local law enforcement to place top priority on "political intelligence work to prevent the development of nationalist movements in minority communities." For his part in organizing the walkouts, Harry Gamboa Jr. was named "one of the hundred most dangerous and violent subversives in the United States" by the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary, shared by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicano Movement
The Chicano Movement, also referred to as El Movimiento, was a social and political movement in the United States inspired by prior acts of resistance among people of Mexican descent, especially of Pachucos in the 1940s and 1950s, and the Black Power movement, that worked to embrace a Chicano/a identity and worldview that combated structural racism, encouraged cultural revitalization, and achieved community empowerment by rejecting assimilation. Before this, ''Chicano/a'' had been a term of derision, adopted by some Pachucos as an expression of defiance to Anglo-American society. With the rise of '' Chicanismo'', ''Chicano/a'' became a reclaimed term in the 1960s and 1970s, used to express political autonomy, ethnic and cultural solidarity, and pride in being of Indigenous descent, diverging from the assimilationist ''Mexican-American'' identity. Chicanos also expressed solidarity and defined their culture through the development of Chicano art during El Movimiento, and stood ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eldridge Cleaver
Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party. In 1968, Cleaver wrote '' Soul on Ice'', a collection of essays that, at the time of its publication, was praised by ''The New York Times Book Review'' as "brilliant and revealing". Cleaver stated in ''Soul on Ice'': "If a man like Malcolm X could change and repudiate racism, if I myself and other former Muslims can change, if young whites can change, then there is hope for America.", p. 106. Cleaver went on to become a prominent member of the Black Panthers, having the titles Minister of Information and Head of the International Section of the Panthers, while a fugitive from the United States criminal justice system in Cuba and Algeria. Cleaver was convicted of a series of crimes including burglary, assault, rape, and attempted murder and eventually served time in Folsom and San Quentin prisons until being released on par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Sanchez (activist)
David Sanchez (born January 3, 1948) is an American civil rights activist, and founding member of the Brown Berets. In the 1960s and 70s he was heavily involved in the Chicano civil rights and political movements. Background An accomplished student in high school, in 1966 Sanchez chaired Mayor Sam Yorty's youth council. However personal experiences with police brutality from the LAPD radicalized his politics and world view. With other high school students, Sanchez helped found the Young Chicanos for Community Action. With his leadership, the Young Chicanos For Community Action eventually became the Brown Berets. The Brown Berets advocated for better schools and the fair treatment of Mexican-Americans in Los Angeles. The organization also worked on farmworkers' rights, opposition to the Vietnam War, and organizing against police brutality. Known as the "Prime Minister," Sanchez played a key role in the organization of the Chicano Moratorium and the East L.A. walkouts. In 196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
School Board
A board of education, school committee or school board is the board of directors or board of trustees of a school, local school district or an equivalent institution. The elected council determines the educational policy in a small regional area, such as a city, county, state, or province. Frequently, a board of directors power with a larger institution, such as a higher government's department of education. The name of such board is also often used to refer to the school system under such board's control. The government department that administered education in the United Kingdom before the foundation of the Ministry of Education was formerly called the Board of Education A board of education, school committee or school board is the board of directors or board of trustees of a school, local school district or an equivalent institution. The elected council determines the educational policy in a small regional are .... See also * National Association of State Boards of Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wetback (slur)
Wetback is a derogatory term used in the United States to refer to foreign nationals residing in the U.S., most commonly Mexicans. The word mostly targets illegal immigrants in the United States. Generally used as an ethnic slur, the term was originally coined and applied only to Mexicans who entered the U.S. state of Texas from Mexico by crossing the Rio Grande, which is the U.S. border, presumably by swimming or wading across the river and getting wet in the process. Usage The first use of the term ''wetback'' in ''The New York Times'' is dated June 20, 1920. It was used officially by the US government, including Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1954, with 'Operation Wetback', a project that involved the mass deportation of illegal Mexican immigrants. Usage of the term appeared in mainstream media outlets until the 1960s. The term can also be used as an adjective or verb. As an adjective, it pertains to activities involving Mexican illegal aliens in the United States. The earliest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodrow Wilson High School (Los Angeles)
Woodrow Wilson High School is a Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) high school in the Northeast region of Los Angeles, California, United States.Landsberg, Mitchell.County gives Los Angeles International Charter High School a second chance" ''Los Angeles Times''. January 10, 2010. Retrieved on September 8, 2011. It is located in the community of El Sereno, atop the Ascot Hills at 4500 Multnomah Street. The school serves the El Sereno and University Hills communities, and areas of City Terrace and Ramona Gardens. Wilson High, with an enrollment of approximately 1,500 students, is under the direct supervision of LAUSD Local District East, Board District 2. The school colors are Navy blue, Vegas gold and White. The school's mascot is the "Mighty Mule", a mule also nicknamed "Seymour". History The original Wilson High School campus opened in 1937 on Eastern Avenue, in what is now the El Sereno Middle School campus. Classes were separated into winter and summer classes an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belmont High School (Los Angeles)
Belmont Senior High School is a public high school located at 1575 West 2nd Street in the Westlake community of Los Angeles, California. The school, which serves grades 9 through 12, is part of the Los Angeles Unified School District. History Belmont High School opened in 1923. The Hotel Belmont was the first noteworthy building to stand atop Crown Hill, the present site of Belmont High School. Eventually, the hotel was abandoned, and later it was transformed into the private Belmont School for Girls. After the school was destroyed by fire, the grounds were left vacant, except for five oil wells and a pumping plant for the Los Angeles City Oil Field. On February 28, 1921, the Los Angeles Board of Education purchased the site for $100,000, for the purpose of constructing Belmont High School. Belmont opened its doors on September 11, 1923, to about 500 students, all sophomores, and 28 faculty members. Most of the school's traditions were created by those pioneer students during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Lincoln High School (Los Angeles)
Abraham Lincoln High School, usually referred to simply as Lincoln High School, is a secondary school located in the Lincoln Heights district of Los Angeles, California, United States. Located in the East Los Angeles-area community, surrounded by El Sereno, Chinatown, Boyle Heights and Cypress Park. The school is named after Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, and was one of the first public high schools established in California. It is one of the District 5 high schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District, the second largest school district in the US. Lincoln students are drawn from Chinatown and other areas. Cypress Park residents may attend either Lincoln or Franklin High School. History The early history of Lincoln High School is unusually complicated because, over the years, it has served all three of the typical grade configurations—elementary school, middle school and high school. What eventually became Lincoln High School was originally e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Roosevelt High School (Los Angeles)
Theodore Roosevelt High School is an educational institution (grades 9–12) located in the Boyle Heights area of Los Angeles, California named for the 26th president of the United States. Roosevelt is a public school in the Los Angeles Unified School District with an enrollment 1,400 as of 2017. The enrollment peaked at 5,047 in 2007, making it one of the largest in the country, and second largest behind Belmont High School at the time. From the mid-1990s until the 2008–09 school year, the school followed a year-round calendar. In 2008, the school started to be managed by the Partnership for Los Angeles Schools, which was established by Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa. In 2010, the single institution was split up into seven small schools, each with its own principal, CEEB code (used by SAT, colleges, etc.), students and staff. The outcomes of this were debated by students and administrators. Since 2013, Roosevelt has been merged into a single comprehensive high school. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garfield High School (California)
James A. Garfield High School is a public, year-round high school founded in 1925 in East Los Angeles, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California. The proportion of advanced placement by students at Garfield is 38%. Students who are in unfavorable circumstances, with regard to financial or social opportunities, comprise about 93% of the student population. The minority comprehensive admission is 100%. Garfield is one out of 254 high schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District as of 2020. The magnet program in the high school focuses on serving students who plan to study in the Computer Science field. The school was made famous by the film ''Stand and Deliver'' about the teacher Jaime Escalante and the HBO film ''Walkout''. The homecoming football game known as the East LA Classic has taken place since 1925. History James A. Garfield High School opened in September 1925 on formerly agricultural land, grades 7th through the 12th. The school was a six-year s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UCLA
The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California State Normal School (now San José State University). This school was absorbed with the official founding of UCLA as the Southern Branch of the University of California in 1919, making it the second-oldest of the 10-campus University of California system (after UC Berkeley). UCLA offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines, enrolling about 31,600 undergraduate and 14,300 graduate and professional students. UCLA received 174,914 undergraduate applications for Fall 2022, including transfers, making the school the most applied-to university in the United States. The university is organized into the College of Letters and Science and 12 professional schools. Six of the schools offer undergraduate degre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Berets
The Brown Berets (Spanish: ''Los Boinas Cafés'') is a pro-Chicano paramilitary organization that emerged during the Chicano Movement in the late 1960s. David Sanchez and Carlos Montes co-founded the group modeled after the Black Panther Party. The Brown Berets was part of the Third World Liberation Front. It worked for educational reform, farmworkers' rights, and against police brutality and the Vietnam War. It also sought to separate the American Southwest from the control of the United States government. The Brown Berets' high visibility and paramilitary stance made it a key target for infiltration and harassment by local police, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and other law enforcement agencies. The majority of the Brown Berets' chapters disbanded in 1972. Several groups reformed and became active after the passage of California Proposition 187 in 1994. History In 1966, a group of high school students discussed issues affecting Mexican Americans as part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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