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Charlotte Schimmelmann
Magdalene Charlotte Hedevig Schimmelmann (10 August 1757 – 2 December 1816) was a Danish noble woman and salonist. Biography Magdalene Charlotte Schubart was born at Fossum in Skien, Norway to Lieutenant Carl Rudolph Schubart (1714–59) and Inger Løvenskiold (1732–1808). On 25 May 1782, she married the statesman Count Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann (1747–1831). After the coup d'état against Ove Høegh-Guldberg in 1784, he became Minister of Finance until 1813 and later Prime Minister. Her salon was organized according to the French pattern and was renowned abroad. The latest developments in science, politics and culture were discussed. She considered it a profession to be a salonist. Her salon gathered philosophers and politicians, and played a part in the country's political scene. It was inspired by a form of "aristocratic humanism", and by the ideas of the French revolution in 1789. Her husband opened schools, which she protected, and argued for the abolition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Heinrich Von Schimmelmann
Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann (4 December 1747 – 9 February 1831) was a German-born Danish politician, businessman, nobleman, planter and philanthropist. Early life and career Ernst von Schimmelmann was born in Dresden to Baron Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann (1724–1782) and Caroline von Schimmelmann, who was the foster daughter of Heinrich Ernst von Gersdorf (1704–1755) in Dresden. His father was a successful merchant who made a fortune in war and became affiliated with the Danish government after moving to Hamburg and buying Schloss Ahrensburg in Schleswig-Holstein. Ernst studied economics in Europe and worked for his father. Career From 1782, Ernst von Schimmelmann became a key figure in Denmark's financial administration, part of a so-called ''Trefoil of Counts'' which was completed by A. P. Bernstorff and Christian Ditlev Reventlow. Due to disputes with the Minister of State, Ove Høegh-Guldberg, he had to resign in 1783 but the following year he took part in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornelius Høyer
Cornelius Høyer (26 February 1771 – 2 June 1804) was a Danish painter, mainly known for his work in miniatures. Within his special trade, he was among the virtuosos of his day and won an international reputation. Early life and education Høyer was born at the Kronborg Rifle Factory. From an early age he attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, studying under Carl Gustaf Pilo and Louis Tocqué, and later continued his education in Paris where Jean-Baptiste Masse taught him miniature painting. A visit to Italy in 1767 introduced him to Rosalba Carriera and he learned new skills, including the special technique of painting on ivory. Career In 1769, Høyer was appointed Miniature Painter to the Danish Court and the following year he became a member of the Academy. Visits to several European courts, including those in Stockholm, Saint Petersburg and Berlin, contributed to his increasing international reputation. Personal life Høyer was married to Frederikke Christi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry. The meaning of the term "humanism" has changed according to the successive intellectual movements that have identified with it. During the Italian Renaissance, ancient works inspired scholars in various Italian cities, giving rise to a movement now called Renaissance humanism. With Enlightenment, humanistic values were re-enforced by the advances in science and technology, giving confidence to humans in their exploration of the world. By the early 20th century, organizations solely dedicated to humanism flourished in Europe and the United States, and have since expanded all over the globe. In the current day, the term generally refers to a focus on human well-being and advocates for human freedom, autonomy, and progress. It views humanity as responsible for the promotio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1816 Deaths
This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in some locations. Events January–March * December 25 1815–January 6 – Tsar Alexander I of Russia signs an order, expelling the Jesuits from St. Petersburg and Moscow. * January 9 – Sir Humphry Davy's Davy lamp is first tested underground as a coal mining safety lamp, at Hebburn Colliery in northeast England. * January 17 – Fire nearly destroys the city of St. John's, Newfoundland. * February 10 – Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, dies and is succeeded by Friedrich Wilhelm, his son and founder of the House of Glücksburg. * February 20 – Gioachino Rossini's opera buffa ''The Barber of Seville'' premières at the Teatro Argentina in Rome. * March 1 – The Gorkha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danish Nobility
Danish nobility is a social class and a former estate in the Kingdom of Denmark. The nobility has official recognition in Denmark, a monarchy. Its legal privileges were abolished with the constitution of 1849. Some of the families still own and reside in castles or country houses. A minority of nobles still belong to the elite, and they are as such present at royal events where they hold court posts, are guests, or are objects of media coverage, for example Kanal 4's TV-hostess Caroline Fleming née Baroness Iuel-Brockdorff. Some of them own and manage companies or have leading positions within business, banking, diplomacy and NGOs. Historians divide the Danish nobility into two categories: ancient nobility ( da, uradel) and letter nobility ( da, brevadel) based on the way they achieved nobility. Another status based categorization distinguishes between higher and lower nobility ( da, højadel, lavadel). "Ancient nobility" refer to those noble families that are known from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danish Salon-holders
Danish may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark People * A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark * Culture of Denmark * Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish ancestral or ethnic identity * A member of the Danes, a Germanic tribe * Danish (name), a male given name and surname Language * Danish language, a North Germanic language used mostly in Denmark and Northern Germany * Danish tongue or Old Norse, the parent language of all North Germanic languages Food * Danish cuisine * Danish pastry, often simply called a "Danish" See also * Dane (other) * * Gdańsk * List of Danes * Languages of Denmark The Kingdom of Denmark has only one official language, Danish, the national language of the Danish people, but there are several minority languages spoken, namely Faroese, German, and Greenlandic. A large majority (about 86%) of Danes also s ... {{disambiguation Language and nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1757 Births
Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt on Louis XV of France, who is slightly wounded by the knife attack. On March 28 Damiens is publicly executed by burning and dismemberment, the last person in France to suffer this punishment. * January 12 – Koca Ragıp Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, and administers the office for seven years until his death in 1763. * February 1 – King Louis XV of France dismisses his two most influential advisers. His Secretary of State for War, the Comte d'Argenson and the Secretary of the Navy, Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville, are both removed from office at the urging of the King's mistress, Madame de Pompadour. * February 2 – At Versailles in France, representatives of the Russian Empire an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophia Magdalena Krag Juel Vind
Sophia Magdalena Krag-Juel Vind, née ''von Gram'' (1734–1810), was a Danish Salon holder, landowner and noble. She is considered to have exerted considerable political influence in Danish politics during the late 18th century. Biography She was the daughter of Carl Christian von Gram (1703–80) and Birgitte Christine Friis (1715–75). In 1752, she married the official and landowner Baron Jens Krag-Juel-Vind (1724–1776). She had six children: Frederik Carl (1753), Sophie Magdalene (1754), Juliane Marie (1755), Jens Carl (1757), Jens Carl (1759), and Jens Carl (1767). She belonged to the elite of the aristocracy around the circles of the royal court: her spouse had several important offices and she herself had been a maid-of-honour to the queen dowager Sophia Magdalene prior to her marriage, and received the L’union parfaite in 1757. Not much is known of her life before she was widowed in 1776. As a widow, she became the richest landowner of her country, and her h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise Stolberg
Frederikke Louise Stolberg, also known as Luise Gramm (August 21, 1746–November 29, 1824) was a Danish saloniste, playwright and letter writer. She is contributed with a certain degree of political influence upon various power holders in the policy of Denmark and Germany; she participated in the 1784 coup in Denmark. Her preserved correspondence is regarded as a valuable historic source about the courtiers of the Danish royal court of her time. Life She was born to count Christian Ditlev Reventlow (1710-1775) and Johanne Sophie Frederikke von Bothmer (1718-1754). Court life In 1761, she married the courtier nobleman Christian Frederik von Gram (1737-1768). The social position of her first spouse made her a participator in Danish Royal Court life. She was one of the few people Queen Caroline Matilda befriended prior to the banishment of her favorite Louise von Plessen. Reportedly, Gramm acted as a form of channel between the queen in her isolation with Louise von Plessen, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Corruption
Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials or their network contacts for illegitimate private gain. Forms of corruption vary, but can include bribery, lobbying, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, parochialism, patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though it is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption. Over time, corruption has been defined differently. For example, in a simple context, while performing work for a government or as a representative, it is unethical to accept a gift. Any free gift could be construed as a scheme to lure the recipient towards some biases. In most cases, the gift is seen as an intention to seek certain favors such as work promotion, tipping in or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of French domination over most of continental Europe. The wars stemmed from the unresolved disputes associated with the French Revolution and the French Revolutionary Wars consisting of the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802). The Napoleonic Wars are often described as five conflicts, each termed after the coalition that fought Napoleon: the Third Coalition (1803–1806), the Fourth (1806–1807), the Fifth (1809), the Sixth (1813–1814), and the Seventh (1815) plus the Peninsular War (1807–1814) and the French invasion of Russia (1812). Napoleon, upon ascending to First Consul of France in 1799, had inherited a republic in chaos; he subsequently created a state with stable financ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Indies
The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles, and the Lucayan Archipelago. The subregion includes all the islands in the Antilles, plus The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are in the North Atlantic Ocean. Nowadays, the term West Indies is often interchangeable with the term Caribbean, although the latter may also include some Central and South American mainland nations which have Caribbean coastlines, such as Belize, French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname, as well as the Atlantic island nations of Barbados, Bermuda, and Trinidad and Tobago, all of which are geographically distinct from the three main island groups, but culturally related. Origin and use of the term In 1492, Christopher Columbus became the first European to record his arri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
