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Charles Ethelston
Charles Wickstead Ethelston, also given as Wicksted (1767–1830) was an English cleric, now remembered for the part he played in his role as magistrate on 16 August 1819, ahead of the Peterloo massacre. Early life He was the son of the Rev. Charles Ethelstone (1731–1795), an Oxford graduate, and his wife Margaret Hart (died 1803) of Salford. He was educated at Manchester Grammar School under Charles Lawson, and matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1787, graduating B.A. in 1790 and M.A. in 1793. He was known also by the surnames Ethelstone and Ethelstane. Ethelston became a curate in 1794 at St Mark's Chapel, Cheetham Hill, which was then an urbanising area adjacent to Manchester and Salford. His father, who died the following year, had recently completed it, at his own expense, on the Shooting Butts field at Cheetham; it was a chapel of ease between the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Prestwich and Manchester Collegiate Church, for which Charles Ethelstone the eld ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Political House That Jack Built (1819) (14750648056)
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luddites
The Luddites were a secret oath-based organisation of English textile workers in the 19th century who formed a radical faction which destroyed textile machinery. The group is believed to have taken its name from Ned Ludd, a legendary weaver supposedly from Anstey, near Leicester. They protested against manufacturers who used machines in what they called "a fraudulent and deceitful manner" to get around standard labour practices. Luddites feared that the time spent learning the skills of their craft would go to waste, as machines would replace their role in the industry. Many Luddites were owners of workshops that had closed because factories could sell the same products for less. But when workshop owners set out to find a job at a factory, it was very hard to find one because producing things in factories required fewer workers than producing those same things in a workshop. This left many people unemployed and angry. The Luddite movement began in Nottingham in England and cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Robert Hay
William Robert Hay (1761–1839) was a British barrister, cleric and magistrate, one of the Manchester group associated with the Peterloo Massacre. Early life He was the son of Edward Hay, a diplomat and Governor of Barbados, and his wife Mary Flower, and grandson of George Hay, 8th Earl of Kinnoull. Born in Portugal, he was sent when young to England, and was brought up for some years by Archbishop Robert Hay Drummond, his uncle. He was on good terms with Robert, the archbishop's eldest son, and was sent to Westminster School with his older brother Thomas. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in December 1776, six months after Thomas and at age 15, graduating B.A. 1780 and M.A. in 1783. Hay entered the Inner Temple in 1781, and was called to the bar in 1788. He then went the northern circuit. He had little success as a barrister, but was employed by Sir John Parker Mosley, 1st Baronet as steward to the Manchester manorial court. Clerical career Possibly influenced by Lewis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Norris (lawyer)
James Norris (c. 1774 – 19 January 1838) was an English lawyer, notable for his role in the Peterloo Massacre of 1819. Appointed stipendiary magistrate of Manchester in March 1818, his reports to the Home Office, describing unrest and (alleged) paramilitary activity amongst the populace, have been described as "full of excessive alarms" and may have coloured the attitude of troops sent to maintain order. Much of this correspondence was collated (with highly critical commentary) in a report to Parliament by John Edward Taylor, founder of the ''Manchester Guardian'' newspaper. Nevertheless, his career suffered little in the aftermath of the massacre, and he was appointed as Chairman of Quarter Sessions for Salford Hundred in 1825, retaining that post until his death in 1838. Despite links with the Middleforth district of Penwortham, where he inherited a mansion A mansion is a large dwelling house. The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word ''mansio'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Tory
In the United Kingdom and elsewhere, High Toryism is the old traditionalist conservatism which is in line with the Toryism originating in the 17th century. High Tories and their worldview are sometimes at odds with the modernising elements of the Conservative Party. Historically, the late eighteenth-century conservatism derived from the Whig Edmund Burke and William Pitt the Younger marks a watershed from the "higher" or legitimist Toryism that was allied to Jacobitism. High Toryism has been described by Andrew Heywood as neo-feudalist in its preference for a traditional hierarchical and patriarchal society over modern freedom and equality, as well for holding the traditional gentry as a higher cultural benchmark than the bourgeoisie and those who have attained their position through commerce or labour. Economically, High Tories generally tend to prefer paternalistic Tory corporatism and protectionism over the neo-liberalism and neo-conservatism that emerged in the 1960s. Views ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Church
The term ''high church'' refers to beliefs and practices of Christian ecclesiology, liturgy, and theology that emphasize formality and resistance to modernisation. Although used in connection with various Christian traditions, the term originated in and has been principally associated with the Anglican tradition, where it describes churches using a number of ritual practices associated in the popular mind with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. The opposite tradition is '' low church''. Contemporary media discussing Anglican churches erroneously prefer the terms evangelical to ''low church'' and Anglo-Catholic to ''high church'', even though their meanings do not exactly correspond. Other contemporary denominations that contain high church wings include some Lutheran, Presbyterian, and Methodist churches. Variations Because of its history, the term ''high church'' also refers to aspects of Anglicanism quite distinct from the Oxford Movement or Anglo-Catholicism. There rema ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly. The non-metropolitan county of Lancashire was created by the Local Government Act 1972. It is administered by Lancashire County Council, based in Preston, and twelve district councils. Although Lancaster is still considered the county town, Preston is the administrative centre of the non-metropolitan county. The ceremonial county has the same boundaries except that it also includes Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen, which are unitary authorities. The historic county of Lancashire is larger and includes the cities of Manchester and Liverpool as well as the Furness and Cartmel peninsulas, but excludes Bowland area of the West Riding of Yorkshire transferred to the non-metropolitan county in 1974 History Before the county During Roman times the area was part of the Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Reform Act
The Representation of the People Act 1832 (also known as the 1832 Reform Act, Great Reform Act or First Reform Act) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom (indexed as 2 & 3 Will. IV c. 45) that introduced major changes to the electoral system of England and Wales. It abolished tiny districts, gave representation to cities, gave the vote to small landowners, tenant farmers, shopkeepers, householders who paid a yearly rental of £10 or more, and some lodgers. Only qualifying men were able to vote; the Act introduced the first explicit statutory bar to women voting by defining a voter as a male person. It was designed to correct abuses – to "take effectual Measures for correcting divers Abuses that have long prevailed in the Choice of Members to serve in the Commons House of Parliament". Before the reform, most members nominally represented boroughs. The number of electors in a borough varied widely, from a dozen or so up to 12,000. Frequently the selection of Memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital is an ophthalmic hospital in Oxford Road, Manchester, England, managed by the Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust. It is on the same site as Manchester Royal Infirmary and St Mary's Hospital for Women and Children. History The hospital was founded in 1814 on the initiative of William James Wilson and opened in King Street the following year. It moved to Faulkner Street in 1827, to Princess Street in 1874 and to St John's Street in 1882, before re-locating to a facility designed by Pennington & Bridgen in Oxford Road which was built between 1884 and 1886. The building was damaged by a large bomb in the German air raid on 23 December 1940. A doctor and a nurse were killed. The building became Grade II listed in 1974 and has since been converted for other uses. Services moved to a new building on the Royal Infirmary site accessible to patients in 2009 and officially opened by the Queen in 2012. Meanwhile, a new biomedical centre, Citylabs, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Prince Regent
George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from the death of his father, King George III, on 29 January 1820, until his own death ten years later. At the time of his accession to the throne, he was acting as Prince Regent, having done so since 5 February 1811, during his father's final mental illness. George IV was the eldest child of King George III and Queen Charlotte. He led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era. He was a patron of new forms of leisure, style and taste. He commissioned John Nash to build the Royal Pavilion in Brighton and remodel Buckingham Palace, and commissioned Jeffry Wyatville to rebuild Windsor Castle. George's charm and culture earned him the title "the first gentleman of England", but his dissolute way of life and poor relationships with his parents and his wife, Caroline of Brunswick, earned him t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancasterian School
The Monitorial System, also known as Madras System or Lancasterian System, was an education method that took hold during the early 19th century, because of Spanish, French, and English colonial education that was imposed into the areas of expansion. This method was also known as "mutual instruction" or the "Bell–Lancaster method" after the United Kingdom, British educators Andrew Bell (educationalist), Andrew Bell and Joseph Lancaster who both independently developed it. The method was based on the abler pupils being used as 'helpers' to the teacher, passing on the information they had learned to other students. Monitorial Systems The Monitorial System was found very useful by 19th-century educators, as it proved to be a cheap way of making primary education more inclusive, thus making it possible to increase the average class size. Joseph Lancaster's motto for his method was ''Qui docet, discit'' – "He who teaches, learns." The methodology was adopted by the Roman Catholic Chu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchester Cotton Exchange
The Royal Exchange is a grade II listed building in Manchester, England. It is located in the city centre on the land bounded by St Ann's Square, Exchange Street, Market Street, Cross Street and Old Bank Street. The complex includes the Royal Exchange Theatre and the Royal Exchange Shopping Centre. The Royal Exchange was heavily damaged in the Manchester Blitz and in the 1996 Manchester bombing. The current building is the last of several buildings on the site used for commodities exchange, primarily but not exclusively of cotton and textiles. History, 1729 to 1973 The cotton industry in Lancashire was served by the cotton importers and brokers based in Liverpool who supplied Manchester and surrounding towns with the raw material needed to spin yarns and produce finished textiles. The Liverpool Cotton Exchange traded in imported raw cotton. In the 18th century, the trade was part of the slave trade in which African slaves were transported to America where the cotton was grown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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