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Char Dil Char Rahein
''Char Dil Char Rahen'' (English title: ''Four Hearts, Four Roads'') is a 1959 Hindi film directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, and starring two big stars of the era, real-life brothers Shammi Kapoor and Raj Kapoor. The movie is based on a novel of the same name. Plot Three young man Govinda ( Raj Kapoor), Dilwar ( Ajit Khan) and Jhonny ( Shammi Kapoor) waiting at the crossroads for their lovers. Govinda was prevented from marrying Chavi ( Meena Kumari) as she is untouchable and driven out from village. Govinda then waits for her at the crossroads. Dilwar rescues Pyari ( Nimmi) from Nawab (Anwar Hussain (actor)) but she refuses to escape without her mother. She then sets up a shop and waits near crossroad for Dilawar. Jhonny in love with Stella (Kumkum (actress)) is framed by his boss Fereira ( David Abraham) and jailed he later joins group of crossroads and starts a garage. Nirmal Kumar (Paidi Jairaj) the union leader then asks the trio to blast a hill at crossroad to build a road ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwaja Ahmad Abbas
Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (7 June 1914 – 1 June 1987) was an Indian film director, screenwriter, novelist, and journalist in Urdu, Hindi and English. He won four National Film Awards in India. Internationally, his films won the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm Grand Prize) at Cannes Film Festival (out of three Palme d'Or nominations) and the Crystal Globe at Karlovy Vary International Film Festival. As a director and screenwriter, he is considered one of the pioneers of Indian parallel or neo-realistic cinema. As a director, he made Hindustani films. ''Dharti Ke Lal'' (1946), about the Bengal famine of 1943, was one of Indian cinema's first social-realist films, and opened up the overseas market for Indian films in the Soviet Union. '' Pardesi'' (1957) was nominated for the Palme d'Or. ''Shehar Aur Sapna'' (1963) won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film, while '' Saat Hindustani'' (1969) and ''Do Boond Pani'' (1972) both won the National Film Awards for Best Feature Film on N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumari Naaz
Salma Baig (20 August 1944 - 19 October 1995) popularly known as Kumari Naaz or Baby Naaz was an Indian actress in Hindi language films. Career She started her career as a child actor in films. Her best remembered role as a child artiste was in R. K. Films’ Boot Polish (1954) and Bimal Roy's Devdas. She earned rave reviews for her earnest natural performance from The New York Times and a special distinction (along with co-actor Rattan Kumar) from Cannes Film Festival in 1955, where the film was shown in competition. In 1958, a Hindi film adaptation called Do Phool (Two Flowers) was released based on the Swiss literary novel/ icon Heidi. The role of Heidi – called Poornima in the film – was played by Baby Naaz who was one of the most famous child stars at the time along with Master Romi. She matured into a character actress and bagged good roles in films like Bahu Begum, Kati Patang and Sachaa Jhutha (where she played Rajesh Khanna's physically challenged sister). Awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crore
A crore (; abbreviated cr) denotes ten million (10,000,000 or 107 in scientific notation) and is equal to 100 lakh in the Indian numbering system. It is written as 1,00,00,000 with the local 2,2,3 style of digit group separators (one lakh is equal to one hundred thousand, and is written as 1,00,000). It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English. Money Large amounts of money in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan are often written in terms of ''Koti'' or ''crore''. For example (one hundred and fifty million) is written as "fifteen ''crore'' rupees", "15 crore" or "". In the abbreviated form, usage such as "15 cr" (for "15 ''crore'' rupees") is common. Trillions (in the short scale) of money are often written or spoken of in terms of ''lakh crore''. For example, ''one trillion rupees'' is equivalent to: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Rupee
The Indian rupee ( symbol: ₹; code: INR) is the official currency in the republic of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 ''paise'' (singular: ''paisa''), though as of 2022, coins of denomination of 1 rupee are the lowest value in use whereas 2000 rupees is the highest. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank manages currency in India and derives its role in currency management on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Etymology The immediate precursor of the rupee is the ''rūpiya''—the silver coin weighing 178 grains minted in northern India by first Sher Shah Suri during his brief rule between 1540 and 1545 and adopted and standardized later by the Mughal Empire. The weight remained unchanged well beyond the end of the Mughals until the 20th century. Though Pāṇini mentions (), it is unclear whether he was referring to coinage. ''Arthashastra'', written by Chanakya, prime minister to the first Maurya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Dollar
The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it into 100 cents, and authorized the minting of coins denominated in dollars and cents. U.S. banknotes are issued in the form of Federal Reserve Notes, popularly called greenbacks due to their predominantly green color. The monetary policy of the United States is conducted by the Federal Reserve System, which acts as the nation's central bank. The U.S. dollar was originally defined under a bimetallic standard of (0.7735 troy ounces) fine silver or, from 1837, fine gold, or $20.67 per troy ounce. The Gold Standard Act of 1900 linked the dollar solely to gold. From 1934, its equi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell University Press
The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University; currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage. It was first established in 1869, making it the first university publishing enterprise in the United States, but was inactive from 1884 to 1930. The press was established in the College of the Mechanic Arts (as mechanical engineering was called in the 19th century) because engineers knew more about running steam-powered printing presses than literature professors. Since its inception, The press has offered work-study financial aid: students with previous training in the printing trades were paid for typesetting and running the presses that printed textbooks, pamphlets, a weekly student journal, and official university publications. Today, the press is one of the country's largest university presses. It produces approximately 150 nonfiction titles each year in various disciplines, including anthropology, Asian studies, biologica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kopeck
The kopek or kopeck ( rus, копейка, p=kɐˈpʲejkə, ukr, копійка, translit=kopiika, p=koˈpʲijkə, be, капейка) is or was a coin or a currency unit of a number of countries in Eastern Europe closely associated with the economy of Russia. It is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system; 100 kopeks are worth 1 ruble or 1 hryvnia. Originally, the kopeck was the currency unit of Imperial Russia, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and then the Soviet Union (as the Soviet ruble). , it is the currency unit of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. The Russian kopeck is also used in two regions of Georgia, the partially recognised states (including by Russia) of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. In the past, several other countries influenced by Russia and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also named kopecks. The name of the coin of Azerbaijan comes from the word kopeck – gapik, ( az, qəpik, manat). No country's kopeck is cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Rouble
The ruble or rouble (russian: рубль) was the currency of the Soviet Union, introduced in 1922, replacing the Imperial Russian ruble. One ruble was divided into 100 kopecks ( – ''kopeyka'', ''kopeyki''). Soviet banknotes and coins were produced by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise (or Goznak) in Moscow and Leningrad. In addition to regular cash rubles, other types of rubles were also issued, such as several forms of ''convertible ruble'', transferable ruble, clearing ruble, Vneshtorgbank cheque, etc.; also, several forms of virtual rubles (called "cashless ruble", ) were used for inter-enterprise accounting and international settlement in the Comecon zone. In 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Soviet ruble continued to be used in the post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone", until it was replaced with the Russian ruble in September 1993. Etymology The word ''ruble'' is derived from the Slavic verb , ''rubit''', i.e., 'to chop'. Historically, a " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Kudryavtsev (film Critic)
Sergey Valentinovich Kudryavtsev (russian: Серге́й Валенти́нович Кудря́вцев) is a Russian film critic and historian. He graduated from the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography in 1978 and worked in the office of Soviet cinema at VGIK in 1980–1983. Kudryavtsev began his career as a film critic in 1973, when he was 17. He has published several books on Russian and world cinema, such as ''500 films'' (1991), ''+500'' (1994), ''The Last 500'' (1996), ''Our Cinema'' (1998), the personal film encyclopedia ''3500'' (2008). He taught history and theory of cinema at VGIK in 1994-1998, was a lecturer at the High Courses for Scriptwriters and Film Directors (since 2005), the Institute of Contemporary Art (since 2008). A three times winner of the Russian Guild of Film Critics awards. Now his new three-volume personal film encyclopedia ''Almost 44000'' is being in preparation. The first volume, dedicated to the 120th anniversary of world cinema, has been rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Soviet Films Of The Year By Ticket Sales
This is the list of highest-grossing films in the Soviet Union, in terms of box office admissions (ticket sales). It includes the highest-grossing films in the Soviet Union (USSR), the highest-grossing domestic Soviet films, the domestic films with the greatest number of ticket sales by year, and the highest-grossing foreign films in the Soviet Union. Note that, in line with the definition above, this list does not include any Soviet television series or television movies, which were not shown in cinemas of the Soviet Union. The annual list includes sales during each year only, which often means that the total number of tickets sold was bigger. As an example, according to the list below the film ''The Red Snowball Tree'', the top seller of the year 1974, sold 62.5 million tickets during that year. But the total number of sold tickets during all years was bigger; Boris Pavlenok, former deputy director of the USSR GosKino, estimated 140 million. This figure is comparable to some of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Highest-grossing Indian Films In Overseas Markets
Indian films have been released in overseas markets since the latter half of the 1940s. Some of these have had significant commercial success and been nominated for awards. Although the first Indian film to have worldwide released was from 1952 (''Aan'', directed by Mehboob Khan), Indian films mostly saw success in a few regions. At the time, the most significant market for Indian films was the Soviet Union. gaining considerable success and occasionally leading to Indian-Soviet co-productions. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Indian film industry also expanded in East Africa, which, after the Soviet Union, accounted for one of the largest shares of overseas revenues. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the most significant market has been the South Asian diaspora. China, India's geographic neighbour and the world's second largest film market (after the United States), has also seen growing success for Indian films since the beginning of the 21st century. History The first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
