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Challans
Challans () is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. Challans station has rail connections to Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie and Nantes. Population Notable people * Pauline de Lézardière, born Challans, 25 March 1754, died Proustière Castle, Poiroux, 8 February 1835. Historian Twin towns — sister cities Challans is twinned with: * Saronno, Italy (2004) See also * Communes of the Vendée department The following is a list of the 257 communes of the Vendée department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2022):Communes of Vendée Poitou
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Challans Station
Challans is a railway station in Challans, Pays de la Loire, France. The station is located on the Nantes–La Roche-sur-Yon via Sainte-Pazanne railway. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (; abbreviated as SNCF ; French for "National society of French railroads") is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffi ...:Rechercher une fiche horaire
TER Pays de la Loire, accessed 16 May 2022.
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Vendée
Vendée (; br, Vande) is a department in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France, on the Atlantic coast. In 2019, it had a population of 685,442.Populations légales 2019: 85 Vendée
INSEE
Its prefecture is .


History

The area today called the Vendée was originally known as the ''Bas-Poitou'' and is part of the former province of . In the southeast corner, the village of

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Pauline De Lézardière
Marie-Charlotte-Pauline Robert de Lézardière, commonly known as Pauline de Lézardière, was a French historian who was born on 25 March 1754 at the Château de la Vérie (Challans) and died on 8 February 1835 at the Château de la Proustière ( Poiroux). She remains best known for her multivolume history of French law.Armenteros, Carolina. "Royalist medievalisms in the age of revolution: From Robert de Lézardière to Chateaubriand, 1792-1831." ''RELIEF-Revue électronique de littérature française'' 8.1 (2014): 20-47. (Accessed 2020-10-13)Carmaux, Brigitte. "Mlle de Lézardière: une certaine idée de la monarchie française." ''Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest''. Vol. 102. No. 1. Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 1995. (in Frenchttps://www.persee.fr/doc/abpo_0399-0826_1995_num_102_1_3806 (Retrieved 2020-10-13) Biography Pauline was born in Challans, in France's Loire valley. Her father was Baron Louis-Jacques-Gilbert Robert de Lézardière and her mother was Ch ...
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Communes Of The Vendée Department
The following is a list of the 257 communes of the Vendée department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2022):BANATIC
Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 7 October 2020.
* *Communauté d'agglomération *Communauté d'agglomération



Saronno
Saronno (; lmo, Saronn ) is a ''comune'' of Lombardy, Italy, in the province of Varese. It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree in 1960. With an estimated population of 39,351 inhabitants, it is the most densely populated among the big municipalities in its province. The place is well known for its apricot kernel biscuits ( ''amaretti'') and liqueur (''amaretto''), and is also a relevant manufacturing town. Main sights Madonna dei Miracoli The pilgrimage church of the ''Madonna dei Miracoli'', begun on 8 May 1498 by Vincenzo Dell'Orto, has a dome with very fine architecture on the outside. It was built at three times: the Renaissance part from 1498 to 1516; it includes the apse, the chancel, the dome and the bell tower; in 1556 the sacristy was added; in the end from 1570 to the beginning of the XVII century two other spans were added to the aisles and the facade was erected. During the same period, "l'Hostaria dell'Angelo” was built to restore pilgrim ...
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Communes Of France
The () is a level of administrative division in the French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipalities in the United States and Canada, ' in Germany, ' in Italy, or ' in Spain. The United Kingdom's equivalent are civil parishes, although some areas, particularly urban areas, are unparished. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the municipal arrondi ...
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Departments Of France
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. Ninety-six departments are in metropolitan France, and five are overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Departments are further subdivided into 332 arrondissements, and these are divided into cantons. The last two levels of government have no autonomy; they are the basis of local organisation of police, fire departments and, sometimes, administration of elections. Each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council ( ing. lur.. From 1800 to April 2015, these were called general councils ( ing. lur.. Each council has a president. Their main areas of responsibility include the management of a number of social and welfare allowances, of junior high school () buildings and technical staff, ...
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Pays De La Loire
Pays de la Loire (; ; br, Broioù al Liger) is one of the 18 regions of France, in the west of the mainland. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital, Nantes, one of a handful of "balancing metropolises" (). Geography Pays de la Loire is in western France, bordered by Brittany on the northwest, Normandy on the north, Centre-Val de Loire on the east, Nouvelle-Aquitaine on the south, and the Bay of Biscay of the North Atlantic Ocean on the southwest. Departments and former province Pays de la Loire comprises five departments: Loire-Atlantique, Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne, Sarthe, Vendée. Pays de la Loire is made up of the following historical provinces: * Part of Brittany, with its old capital Nantes contained within the Loire-Atlantique department. This is up to 20% of historical Brittany. The other 80% makes up the currently neighbouring region of Brittany * Anjou: is largely absorbed into the Maine-et-Loire department; the rest in ...
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Regions Of France
France is divided into eighteen administrative regions (french: régions, singular ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe), while the other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collectivities, which have a semi-autonomous status). All of the thirteen metropolitan administrative regions (including Corsica ) are further subdivided into two to thirteen administrative departments, with the prefect of each region's administrative centre's department also acting as the regional prefect. The overseas regions administratively consist of only one department each and hence also have the status of overseas departments. Most administrative regions also have the status of regional territorial collectivities, which comes with a local government, with departmental and communal collectivities below the region level. The exceptions are Corsica, French Guiana, Mayotte and Martinique, where region and department functions are managed ...
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France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its Metropolitan France, metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin (island), ...
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Town Twinning
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of international links between municipalities akin to what are known as sister cities or twin towns today dating back to the 9th century, the modern concept was first established and adopted worldwide during World War II. Origins of the modern concept The modern concept of town twinning has its roots in the Second World War. More specifically, it was inspired by the bombing of Coventry on 14 November 1940, known as the Coventry Blitz. First conceived by the then Mayor of Coventry, Alfred Robert Grindlay, culminating in his renowned telegram to the people of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in 1942, the idea emerged as a way of establishing solidarity links between cities in allied countries that went through similar devastating events. The comradeship ...
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Communes Of Vendée
An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, religious, or spiritual vision, and typically share responsibilities and property. This way of life is sometimes characterized as an "alternative lifestyle". Intentional communities can be seen as social experiments or communal experiments. The multitude of intentional communities includes collective households, cohousing communities, coliving, ecovillages, monasteries, survivalist retreats, kibbutzim, hutterites, ashrams, and housing cooperatives. History Ashrams are likely the earliest intentional communities founded around 1500 BCE, while Buddhist monasteries appeared around 500 BCE. Pythagoras founded an intellectual vegetarian commune in about 525 BCE in southern Italy. Hundreds of modern intentional communities were formed across Europe ...
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