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Cerna, Tulcea
Cerna ( ruq, Cerna) is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Cerna ( bg, Черна), General Praporgescu, Mircea Vodă (historical name: ''Acpunar'') and Traian. The commune is inhabited by a large number of Megleno-Romanians. Demographics Situated in a hilly landscape 55 km from the city of Tulcea and 25 km from Măcin, the village of Cerna had at the 2002 Romanian census a population of 2,427, and together with three smaller villages the population of the entire commune was 4,227. Estimates of the number of Megleno-Romanians in this village vary from 1,200 to 2,000, and they form the ethnic majority of it. In 1940, according to the stipulations of the Treaty of Craiova, the Bulgarian population from Cerna was resettled to Southern Dobruja, mainly to the village of Turcsmil, which was renamed Nova Cherna (New Cerna) in the memory of their former place of origin. They were replaced by the current Megleno-Romanian local populati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tulcea County
Tulcea County () is a county ( județ) of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea. It includes in its northeast corner the large and thinly-populated estuary of the Danube. Demographics In 2011, Tulcea County had a population of 201,462. The population density was 23.7/km², the lowest among the counties of Romania, due to the inclusion within the area of the lowly-populated Danube estuarial wetlands. * Romanians - 89.13% * Lipovans - 5.41% * Turks - 0.93% * Romani - 1.87% * Greeks - 0.65% In the Danube Delta there is an important community of Russians and Lipovans. In the south of the county there are communities of Turks. The region once was a centre of Islam in Romania. Geography The county has a total area of . The most significant feature of Tulcea County is the Danube Delta, which occupies about 1/3 of the entire surface and is located in the North-East side of the county. The Delta has three main branches: the Sulina bran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja ( ro, Dobrogea de Nord or simply ; bg, Северна Добруджа, ''Severna Dobrudzha'') is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is part of Bulgaria. History Around 600 BC, the Greeks colonized the Black Sea shore and founded numerous fortresses: Tomis (today's Constanta), Callatis, Histria, Argamum, Heracleea, Aegysus. Greeks have commerce with dacians who lived there on main land. Dobruja became a Roman province after conquest of Dacian Tribes. One of the best preserved remnants of this period is the Capidava citadel. Between the 7th and 14th century, Dobruja was part of the First Bulgarian Empire and the Second Bulgarian Empire. For a long period in the 14-15th century, Dobruja became part of Wallachia. The territory fell under Ottoman rule from the mid-15th century until 1878, when it was awarded to Romania for its role in the 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly Temperate climate, temperate-continental climate, and an area of , with a population of around 19 million. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iași, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. The Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a southeasterly direction for , before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megleno-Romanians
The Megleno-Romanians, also known as Meglenites ( ruq, Miglinits), Moglenite Vlachs or simply Vlachs ( ruq, Vlaș), are a small Eastern Romance people, originally inhabiting seven villages in the Moglena region spanning the Pella and Kilkis regional units of Central Macedonia, Greece, and one village, Huma, across the border in North Macedonia. These people live in an area of approximately 300 km2 in size. Unlike the Aromanians, the other Romance speaking population in the same historic region, the Megleno-Romanians are traditionally sedentary agriculturalists, and not traditionally transhumants. Sometimes, the Megleno-Romanians are referred as "Macedo-Romanians" together with the Aromanians. They speak a Romance language most often called by linguists Megleno-Romanian or Meglenitic in English, and βλαχομογλενίτικα (''vlakhomoglenítika'') or simply μογλενίτικα (''moglenítika'') in Greek. The people themselves call their language ''vlahește'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Craiova
The Treaty of Craiova ( bg, Крайовска спогодба, Krayovska spogodba; ro, Tratatul de la Craiova) was signed on 7 September 1940 and ratified on 13 September 1940 by the Kingdom of Bulgaria and the Kingdom of Romania. Under its terms, Romania had to allow Bulgaria to retake Southern Dobruja, which Romania had gained after the 1913 Second Balkan War. Bulgaria had to pay 1 million lei as compensation for the investment provided to the region by Romania. The treaty stipulated that a population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania had to be made. Thus, 103,711 Romanians, Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians living in Southern Dobruja were forced to move to Northern Dobruja (part of Romania), and 62,278 Bulgarians located in the north were forcibly moved to the south. The Dobrujan Germans, who were affected by these relocations, would eventually be transferred to Nazi Germany. Unlike all other territorial treaties mediated by Nazi Germany, the Treaty of Craiova was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Population Exchange Between Bulgaria And Romania
The population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania was a population exchange carried out in 1940 after the transfer of Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria by Romania. It involved 103,711 Romanians, Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians living in Southern Dobruja and 62,278 Bulgarians from Northern Dobruja. After this operation, the application of a population exchange in other cases such as Transylvania was considered. History In 1913, the Kingdom of Romania conquered Southern Dobruja after the Bulgarian defeat in the Second Balkan War. The country had already acquired Northern Dobruja in 1878. This sparked revisionalist feelings in Bulgaria. Following the occupation of the Romanian regions of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina by the Soviet Union in June 1940, Romania sought protection among the Axis powers, but it was demanded to first resolve its territorial disputes with its neighbors. Thus, on 30 August, Romania ceded Northern Transylvania to Hungary in the Second Vienna Award, while at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Dobruja
Southern Dobruja, South Dobruja or Quadrilateral (Bulgarian: Южна Добруджа, ''Yuzhna Dobrudzha'' or simply Добруджа, ''Dobrudzha''; ro, Dobrogea de Sud, or ) is an area of northeastern Bulgaria comprising Dobrich and Silistra provinces, part of the historical region of Dobruja. It has an area of 7,566 km² and a population of 358,000. It was a part of Romania ''de jure'' from 1913 to 1918 (''de facto'' from 1913 to 1916) and again from 1919 to 1940. History At the beginning of the modern era, Southern Dobruja had a mixed population of Bulgarians and Turks with several smaller minorities, including Gagauz, Crimean Tatars and Romanians. In 1910, of the 282,007 inhabitants of Southern Dobruja, 134,355 (47.6%) were Bulgarians, 106,568 (37.8%) Turks, 12,192 (4.3%) Roma, 11,718 (4.1%) Tatars, and 6,484 (2.4%) Romanians. Southern Dobruja was part of the autonomous Bulgarian principality from 1878 and part of the independent Bulgarian state from 1908 until Bulgari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nova Cherna
Nova Cherna ( bg, Нова Черна, historically ro, Turcsmil, tr, Türk Smil) is a village on the Danube, in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Tutrakan Municipality, Silistra Province. The current name ("New Cherna") is derived from the commune of Cerna in Northern Dobruja, whence its Bulgarian villagers were resettled and replaced by Megleno-Romanians according to the population exchange stipulated by the Treaty of Craiova in 1940. A nature reserve named ''Kalimok Brashlen'' is located near the village. After the fall of the Ottoman power in the Balkans in 1877, the village was included in Bulgaria, but the Treaty of Bucharest (1913) awarded it to Romania. After a brief Bulgarian rule during World War I, it was reverted to Romanian administration by the Treaty of Neuilly The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (french: Traité de Neuilly-sur-Seine) required Bulgaria to cede various territories, after Bulgaria had been one of the Central Powers defeated in World War I. The treaty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dumitru Ciotti
Dumitru Ciotti (1882 or 26 October 1885 – 1974) was a Megleno-Romanian activist, editor and schoolteacher. Ciotti was born in the Megleno-Romanian village of Skra ( ruq, Liumnița in Megleno-Romanian), then in the Ottoman Empire and now in Greece. His date of birth was in either 1882 or 26 October 1885, sources vary on this. From his youth, Ciotti showed interest in the national cause of the Megleno-Romanians. In 1904, he graduated from the Commercial Lyceum of Thessaloniki, after which he was appointed teacher at the Romanian school in Skra. In 1908, during the Young Turk Revolution of the Ottoman Empire, Ciotti was one of the Megleno-Romanians who was on the side of the Young Turks. In 1915, Ciotti migrated to Bucharest, Romania, where he would live for a while. During his stay in the city, he published articles for the Romanian newspapers ' ("The Action"), ''Adevărul'' ("The Truth"), '' Dimineața'' ("Morning") and ''Moldova'' ("Moldavia"). Ciotti strongly supported th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panait Cerna
Panait Cerna (; Bulgarian language, Bulgarian: Панайот Черна, ''Panayot Cherna'', born Panayot Stanchov or Panait Staciov; August 26 or September 25, 1881 – March 26, 1913) was a Romanian poet, philosopher, literary critic and translator. A native speaker of Bulgarian, Cerna nonetheless wrote in Romanian language, Romanian, and developed a traditionalist style which was connected with classicism and neoclassicism. Praised by the Conservatism, conservative literary society ''Junimea'', he was promoted by its leader Titu Maiorescu, as well as by Maiorescu's disciples Mihail Dragomirescu and Simion Mehedinţi. Cerna became the group's main representative during its decline, contributing to both major Junimist magazines, ''Convorbiri Literare'' and ''Convorbiri Critice''. He also contributed pieces to the traditionalist magazine ''Sămănătorul'', and was briefly affiliated with other literary journals. A graduate of the University of Bucharest, Cerna completed his s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes In Tulcea County
An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, religious, or spiritual vision, and typically share responsibilities and property. This way of life is sometimes characterized as an "alternative lifestyle". Intentional communities can be seen as social experiments or communal experiments. The multitude of intentional communities includes collective households, cohousing communities, coliving, ecovillages, monasteries, survivalist retreats, kibbutzim, hutterites, ashrams, and housing cooperatives. History Ashrams are likely the earliest intentional communities founded around 1500 BCE, while Buddhist monasteries appeared around 500 BCE. Pythagoras founded an intellectual vegetarian commune in about 525 BCE in southern Italy. Hundreds of modern intentional communities were formed across Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Localities In Northern Dobruja
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Locality may refer to: * Locality (association), an association of community regeneration organizations in England * Locality (linguistics) * Locality (settlement) * Suburbs and localities (Australia), in which a locality is a geographic subdivision in rural areas of Australia Science * Locality (astronomy) * Locality of reference, in computer science * Locality (statistics) * Principle of locality, in physics See also * Local (other) * Type locality (other) Type locality may refer to: * Type locality (biology) * Type locality (geology) See also * Local (other) * Locality (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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