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Cerbera Dumicola
''Cerbera'' is a genus of evergreen small trees or shrubs, native to tropical Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and various islands in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Three trees of this genus are mangroves, ''Cerbera floribunda'', ''Cerbera manghas'' and ''Cerbera odollam''. The leaves are alternate and lack interpetiolar stipules. The tubular corollas are actinomorphic, i.e. they are symmetric and can be divided in halves along any diameter. All trees contain a white latex. The fruits are drupes. The genus is named after Cerberus because all its parts are poisonous : they contain cerberin, a cardiac glycoside, a substance that blocks electric impulses in the body (including the beating of the heart). Therefore, it is advised to avoid using wood from Cerbera species due to their toxicity, and as their smoke may cause lethal poisoning. The genus is related to ''Cerberiopsis'',Potgieter, K., and V. A. Albert. (2001) Phylogenetic Relationships within Apocynaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was born in Råshult, the countryside of Småland, in southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he continued to collect an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerberus
In Greek mythology, Cerberus (; grc-gre, Κέρβερος ''Kérberos'' ), often referred to as the hound of Hades, is a multi-headed dog that guards the gates of the Underworld to prevent the dead from leaving. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and was usually described as having three heads, a serpent for a tail, and snakes protruding from multiple parts of his body. Cerberus is primarily known for his capture by Heracles, the last of Heracles' twelve labours. Descriptions Descriptions of Cerberus vary, including the number of his heads. Cerberus was usually three-headed, though not always. Cerberus had several multi-headed relatives. His father was the multi snake-headed Typhon, and Cerberus was the brother of three other multi-headed monsters, the multi-snake-headed Lernaean Hydra; Orthrus, the two-headed dog who guarded the Cattle of Geryon; and the Chimera, who had three heads: that of a lion, a goat, and a snake. And, like these close relatives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ochrosia Oppositifolia
''Ochrosia oppositifolia'' grows as a small to medium-sized tree up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . Its flowers feature a creamy to white corolla. Its habitat is coastal forest, bush or open areas to altitude, rarely inland. Local medicinal uses include as a carminative and in high doses as an abortifacient. ''Ochrosia oppositifolia'' is native to regions from the Seychelles through tropical Asia to the Pacific. Oppositines are vasorelaxant beta-carboline β-Carboline (9''H''- pyrido ,4-''b'' ndole) represents the basic chemical structure for more than one hundred alkaloids and synthetic compounds. The effects of these substances depend on their respective substituent. Natural β-carbolines prima ...s isolated from ''Ochrosia oppositifolia''. References oppositifolia Plants used in traditional African medicine Chagos Archipelago Trees of Seychelles Trees of Indo-China Trees of Malesia Trees of Papuasia Trees of the Pacific Plants described in 1783 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craspidospermum Verticillatum
''Craspidospermum'' is a monotypic genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae endemic to Madagascar. the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognises the single species ''Craspidospermum verticillatum'' (Malagasy: Vandrika).Search for "Craspidospermum", Description ''Craspidospermum verticillatum'' grows as a tree up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . Its flowers feature a white or pale pink corolla, with pink or dark red throat. Range and habitat ''Craspidospermum verticillatum'' ranges across the east, southeast, and center of Madagascar. Its natural habitat is humid and subhumid lowland rainforest and montane forest, and sometimes rocky areas, from sea-level to elevation. The tree is widespread in the island's humid and subhumid forests. It is threatened with habitat loss from deforestation for timber, firewood, and to clear land for agriculture and mining, and its population is declining. Uses Local medicinal uses include as a treatment for pulmonary di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerbera Laeta
''Cerbera'' is a genus of evergreen small trees or shrubs, native to tropical Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and various islands in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Three trees of this genus are mangroves, ''Cerbera floribunda'', ''Cerbera manghas'' and ''Cerbera odollam''. The leaves are alternate and lack interpetiolar stipules. The tubular corollas are actinomorphic, i.e. they are symmetric and can be divided in halves along any diameter. All trees contain a white latex. The fruits are drupes. The genus is named after Cerberus because all its parts are poisonous : they contain cerberin, a cardiac glycoside, a substance that blocks electric impulses in the body (including the beating of the heart). Therefore, it is advised to avoid using wood from Cerbera species due to their toxicity, and as their smoke may cause lethal poisoning. The genus is related to ''Cerberiopsis'',Potgieter, K., and V. A. Albert. (2001) Phylogenetic Relationships within Apocynaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerbera Inflata
''Cerbera inflata'', commonly known as the cassowary plum, grey milkwood, Joojooga, or rubber tree, is a plant in the family Apocynaceae endemic to north east Queensland, specifically the Atherton Tablelands and adjacent areas. Description The cassowary plum is a tree up to in height with a grey fissured trunk. Leaves are glabrous (smooth), lanceolate, dull green above and paler below, and crowded towards the end of the twigs. They measure from long and wide with 33 to 37 lateral veins. All parts of the tree produces a copious milky sap when cut. The inflorescence is a much branched cyme up to with usually more than 50 flowers. The flowers have 5 white sepals, a long corolla tube about in length by wide with 5 free lobes at the end. They are white with a cream or green centre, are about in diameter, and have a sweet scent. Fruits are a bright blue/purple drupe measuring about long by wide, slightly pointed and the end away from the pedicel (stem), with a single la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerbera Dumicola
''Cerbera'' is a genus of evergreen small trees or shrubs, native to tropical Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and various islands in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Three trees of this genus are mangroves, ''Cerbera floribunda'', ''Cerbera manghas'' and ''Cerbera odollam''. The leaves are alternate and lack interpetiolar stipules. The tubular corollas are actinomorphic, i.e. they are symmetric and can be divided in halves along any diameter. All trees contain a white latex. The fruits are drupes. The genus is named after Cerberus because all its parts are poisonous : they contain cerberin, a cardiac glycoside, a substance that blocks electric impulses in the body (including the beating of the heart). Therefore, it is advised to avoid using wood from Cerbera species due to their toxicity, and as their smoke may cause lethal poisoning. The genus is related to ''Cerberiopsis'',Potgieter, K., and V. A. Albert. (2001) Phylogenetic Relationships within Apocynaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerbera Dilatata
''Cerbera dilatata'' (Chamorro: chi'ute) is a species of tree in the family Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (from ''Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison Members of ... endemic to the Mariana Islands. Description This species has dark foliage and hairy flowers that are white and pinkish in the center. Its leaves are crowded near the ends of its branches. It has ovular fruit that are often coupled and speckled green. Gallery File:Cerbera dilatata bark.jpg, Bark File:Cerbera odollam fruits.jpg, Fruit File:Cerbera odollam roots.jpg, Roots References dilatata Flora of the Mariana Islands {{Apocynaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Caledonia
) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , established_title = Annexed by France , established_date = 24 September 1853 , established_title2 = Overseas territory , established_date2 = 1946 , established_title3 = Nouméa Accord , established_date3 = 5 May 1998 , official_languages = French , regional_languages = , capital = Nouméa , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , demonym = New Caledonian , government_type = Devolved parliamentary dependency , leader_title1 = President of France , leader_name1 = Emmanuel Macron , leader_title2 = President of the Government , leader_name2 = Louis Mapou , leader_title3 = President of the Congress , leader_name3 = Roch Wamytan , leader_title4 = High Commissioner , leader_name4 = Patrice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerberiopsis
''Cerberiopsis'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1873. The entire group is endemic to New Caledonia. The genus is related to ''Cerbera''.Potgieter, K., and V. A. Albert. (2001) Phylogenetic Relationships within Apocynaceae S.l. Based on trnL Intron and trnL-F Spacer Sequences and Propagule Characters.” Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 88 (4): 523–49. List of species # ''Cerberiopsis candelabra'' Vieill. ex Pancher & Sebert # ''Cerberiopsis neriifolia'' (S. Moore) Boiteau # ''Cerberiopsis obtusifolia'' (Van Heurck & F. Muell.) Boiteau References Cerberiopsis, Apocynaceae genera Endemic flora of New Caledonia Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Apocynaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell ( cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). By extension, the word may be metaphorically used to describe toxic effects on larger and more complex groups, such as the family unit or society at large. Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage. A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. These can be activated by enzyme hydrolysis, which causes the sugar part to be broken off, making the chemical available for use. Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. Several species of ''Heliconius'' butterfly are capable of incorporating these plant compounds as a form of chemical defense against predators. In animals and humans, poisons are often bound to sugar molecules as part of their elimination from the body. In formal terms, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides can be linked by an O- (an ''O-glycoside''), N- (a ''glycosylamine''), S-(a ''thioglycoside''), or C- (a '' C-glycoside'') glycosidic bond. According to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
