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Carta Caritatis
''Carta Caritatis'' () is the constitution of the Cistercian Order. The document, approbated in 1119 by Pope Calixtus II, regulates relations among the Cistercian abbeys. The text was continually revised and adapted until 1155. In terms of canon law, the Carta Caritatis is a document of unprecedented significance, since it introduced the systematic regulations that made a group of monks at Cîteaux into the first religious order in Church history. It is held in high esteem as a legal monument of great influence. Name The name ''Carta Caritatis'' is often misunderstood as referring to mystical unions or the ties of friendship in the monastic community. In fact, the text is quite technical and concerned with administrative matters. The "charity" in the title comes from the fact that when new monasteries were founded, they were not forced to make financial contributions to the abbeys that founded them. Such payments had caused problems in the monastic family of Cluny which precede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistercian Order
The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contributions of the highly-influential Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, known as the Latin Rule. They are also known as Bernardines, after Saint Bernard himself, or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuculla" or cowl (choir robe) worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cowl worn by Benedictines. The term ''Cistercian'' derives from ''Cistercium,'' the Latin name for the locale of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was here that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme Abbey, Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Chapter
A chapter ( la, capitulum or ') is one of several bodies of clergy in Roman Catholic, Old Catholic, Anglican, and Nordic Lutheran churches or their gatherings. Name The name derives from the habit of convening monks or canons for the reading of a chapter of the Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ... or a chapter (books), heading of the Christian monasticism#Western orders, order's monastic rule, rule. The 6th-century St Benedict rule of Saint Benedict, directed that Benedictines, his monks begin their daily assemblies with such readings and over time expressions such as "coming together for the chapter" (') found their meaning transferred from the text to the meeting itself and then to the body gathering for it. The place of such meetings similarly be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gethsemani Abbey
The Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani is a Catholic monastery in the United States near Bardstown, Kentucky, in Nelson County. The abbey is part of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (''Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae''), better known as the Trappists. Founded on December 21, 1848, and raised to an abbey in 1851, Gethsemani is considered to be the motherhouse of all Trappist and Trappistine monasteries in the United States. Gethsemani is the oldest Trappist monastery in the country that is still operating. Following the Rule of Saint Benedict, the Trappist monks live a contemplative life of faithful prayer and work. The monastery is situated on a working farm of . The monks support themselves and the abbey through its store, Gethsemani Farms, offering handmade fruitcake and bourbon fudge (both onsite and by mail order). Gethsemani was the home of Trappist monk, social activist and author Thomas Merton from 1941 until his death in 1968. History Est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Lekai
Louis Julius Lekai, O.Cist. (* 4 February 1916 in Budapest; † 1 July 1994 in Irving, Texas) was an American monk, historian and university professor born in Hungary. Life and work Julius (Gyula) Lékai was a student at the Cistercian school (Budai-Ciszterci-Szent Imre-Gymnasium) in Budapest and entered the noviciate at Zirc Abbey in 1934. He was ordained a priest in 1941 and completed his doctorate a year later at Budapest University. His Dissertation was an analysis of Hungarian historical research in the period 1790–1830. He taught at the Cistercian school (Gárdonyi Géza Ciszterci Gimnázium) in Eger until 1947. He also taught history at the Faculty of Laws at the Károly-Eszterházy University in Eger (1943–1944). During the Second World War he was a military chaplain for the Hungarian Army. He fled to the United States in October 1947; he became an American citizen in 1953. Lekai's first home in the USA was Our Lady of Spring Bank Abbey in Wisconsin; from 1953 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janet Burton
Janet Burton is professor of medieval history at the University of Wales Trinity Saint David. She researches medieval monasticism, religious orders and congregations. She is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, the Royal Historical Society, and the Learned Society of Wales. She initiated the Monastic Wales project in July 2007 to research and disseminate knowledge on the medieval monasteries of Wales. Research She has researched widely on medieval monasticism, with particular focus on regional contexts of Yorkshire and Wales. She has also worked on the Cistercians, regular canons, and religious women. With Karen Stöber, she founded the Monastic Wales project in July 2007. This project aims to establish a comprehensive monastic history of medieval Wales, communicating findings to both academics and the public. Career She studied history at the University of London. She then completed her DPhil in the Department of History and Centre for Medieval Studies at the University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV ( la, Innocentius IV; – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254. Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bologna. He was considered in his own day and by posterity as a fine canonist. On the strength of this reputation, he was called to the Roman Curia by Pope Honorius III. Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal and appointed him governor of the March of Ancona in 1235. Fieschi was elected pope in 1243 and took the name Innocent IV. As pope, he inherited an ongoing dispute over lands seized by the Holy Roman Emperor, and the following year he traveled to France to escape imperial plots against him in Rome. He returned to Rome after the death in 1250 of the Emperor Frederick II. Early life Born in Genoa (although some sources say Manarola) in an unknown year, Sinibaldo was the son of Beatrice Grillo and Ugo Fieschi, Count of Lavag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth Lateran Council
The Fourth Council of the Lateran or Lateran IV was convoked by Pope Innocent III in April 1213 and opened at the Lateran Palace in Rome on 11 November 1215. Due to the great length of time between the Council's convocation and meeting, many bishops had the opportunity to attend what is considered by the Roman Catholic Church to have been the twelfth ecumenical council. Background Innocent III first mooted organizing an ecumenical council in November 1199. In his letter titled ''Vineam Domini'', dated 19 April 1213, the Pope writes of the urgent need to recover the Holy Land and reform the Church. The letter, which also served as a summons to an ecumenical council, was included alongside the Pope's papal bull '' Quia maior''. In preparing for the council, the Pope spearheaded the extensive refurbishment of the old St. Peter's Basilica, which he designated as the "centrepiece for display and decoration" during the council. The lunette of the main door leading to the tomb of St. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sedesvacancy
''Sede vacante'' ( in Latin.) is a term for the state of a diocese while without a bishop. In the canon law of the Catholic Church, the term is used to refer to the vacancy of the bishop's or Pope's authority upon his death or resignation. History Early in church history, the archpriest, archdeacon, and ''primicerius of the notaries'' in the papal court made a regency council which governed the sede vacante period. It was the obligation of the Camerarius (papal chamberlain), the head of the Camera Apostolica, to formally establish the death of the pope. Gradually, this evolved in the theory that the Camerarius, as the chief of the curia, should conduct normal business even after the death of the pope, and also conduct the burial and the preparation for the new election. this process was evident with Camerarius Boso Breakspeare. During the long sede vacante of 1268 to 1271, the importance of the Camerarius was so clear that the Cardinals were ready to elect a new one if he di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canonical Visitation
In the Catholic Church, a canonical visitation is the act of an ecclesiastical superior who in the discharge of his office visits persons or places with a view to maintaining faith and discipline and of correcting abuses. A person delegated to carry out such a visitation is called a visitor. When, in exceptional circumstances, the Holy See delegates an apostolic visitor (or visitors) "to evaluate an ecclesiastical institute such as a seminary, diocese, or religious institute ..to assist the institute in question to improve the way in which it carries out its function in the life of the Church," this is known as an apostolic visitation. Usage The practice was reaffirmed in the Catholic Church by the Council of Trent (1545 to 1563) in these words: Of the purpose of visitation the Council says: Rights of visitation The right of visitation belongs to all prelates who have ordinary jurisdiction over persons in the external forum. The pope through his delegates may institute a vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monastic Vows
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek , , from , , 'alone'), also referred to as monachism, or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism. In other religions monasticism is criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism, or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism. Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders. Buddhism The Sangha or community of ordained Buddhist bhikkhus ("beggar" or "one who lives by alms".) and original bhikkhunis (nuns) was founded by Gautama Buddha during his lifetime over 2500 years ago. This communal monastic lifestyle grew out of the lifestyle of earlier sects of wandering ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rule Of St
Rule or ruling may refer to: Education * Royal University of Law and Economics (RULE), a university in Cambodia Human activity * The exercise of political or personal control by someone with authority or power * Business rule, a rule pertaining to the structure or behavior internal to a business * School rule, a rule that is part of school discipline * Sport rule, a rule that defines how a sport is played * Game rule, a rule that defines how a game is played * Moral, a rule or element of a moral code for guiding choices in human behavior * Norm (philosophy), a kind of sentence or a reason to act, feel or believe * Rule of thumb, a principle with broad application that is not intended to be strictly accurate or reliable for every situation * Unspoken rule, an assumed rule of human behavior that is not voiced or written down * Slide rule, a mechanical analog computer Science * Rule of inference or transformation rule, a term in logic for a function which takes premises a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visitation
Visitation may refer to: Law * Visitation (law) or contact, the right of a non-custodial parent to visit with their children * Prison visitation rights, the rules and conditions under which prisoners may have visitors Music * ''Visitation'' (Division Day album), 2009 * ''Visitation'' (Sam Jones album), 1978 * ''Visitation'' (Joe McPhee album), 1985 * ''Visitation'' (Jonah Sharp and Bill Laswell album), 1994 * "Visitation", an instrumental by Paul Chambers from ''Chambers' Music'', 1956 Religion * Visitation (Christianity), a liturgical feast day commemorating the visit of the Virgin Mary to St. Elizabeth *Visitation Order of enclosed nuns ** Visitation Convent ** Visitation Monastery * Visitation Church, Montreal * Canonical visitation, an inspection made by a clergyman authorised under Catholic canon law * Visitation, a funeral custom where a mourner visits the deceased's family and views the body Visual arts Images of the Visitation (Christianity), the visit of the Virg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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