|
Caravan Raids
__NOTOC__ The list of expeditions of Muhammad includes the expeditions undertaken by the Muslim community during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Some sources use the word ''ghazwa'' and a related plural ''maghazi'' in a narrow technical sense to refer to the expeditions in which Muhammad took part, while using the word ''sariyya'' (pl. ''saraya'') for those early Muslim expeditions where he was not personally present. Other sources use the terms ''ghazwa'' and ''maghazi'' generically to refer to both types of expeditions. Early Islamic sources contain significant divergences in the chronology of expeditions. Unless noted otherwise, the dates given in this list are based on ''Muhammad at Medina'' by Montgomery Watt, who in turn follows the chronology proposed by Leone Caetani. List of expeditions ; Type legend References {{Muhammad2 Expeditions of Muhammad Military expeditions A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of Adam in Islam, Adam, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, Jesus in Islam, Jesus, and other Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets. He is believed to be the Seal of the Prophets within Islam. Muhammad united Arabian Peninsula, Arabia into a single Muslim polity, with the Quran as well as his teachings and practices forming the basis of Islamic religious belief. Muhammad was born approximately 570CE in Mecca. He was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His father Abdullah was the son of Quraysh tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, and he died a few months before Muhammad's birth. His mother Amina died when he was six, lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhu Amarr Raid
The raid on Amarr ( ar, غزوة ذي أمر), also known as the Raid on Ghatafan, occurred directly after the Invasion of Sawiq in the year A.H. 3 of the Islamic calendar, March 624. The expedition was ordered by Muhammad after he received intelligence that the Banu Muharib and Banu Thalabah tribes were planning to raid the outskirts of Madinah. Therefore, Muhammad launched a pre-emptive strike with 450 men. When the enemies heard of the imminent arrival of Muhammad, they quickly fled. The Muslims also captured a man who later converted to Islam and acted as their guide. This event is mentioned in Ibn Hisham's biography of Muhammad, and other historical sources.Ibn Hisham 2/44 and 45. Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation availablhere/ref> Background A month after the Invasion of Sawiq, Muhammad learnt that some clans of the Ghatafan tribesmen had gathered troops at Dhu Amar in Nejd. So, Muhammad led an expedition of 450 fighters t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Al-Muraysi'
The Expedition of al-Muraysiʿ ( ar, غزوة المريسيع) was an early Muslim campaign against the tribe of Banu Mustaliq which took place in December 627 CE. The initial assault According to Islamic sources, Banu Mustaliq supported Quraysh and joined it during the Battle of Uhud against the Muslims. It governed the main road leading to Makkah which acted as a strong barrier for Muslims preventing them from reaching Makkah. Two months after Muḥammad returned from the Expedition of Dhū Qarad, he began to hear rumours that the Banū al-Muṣṭaliq were preparing to attack him, so he sent a spy, Buraydah ibn Al-Ḥasīb Al-Aslamī, to confirm this. The Banū al-Muṣṭaliq also believed that Muḥammad was preparing to attack them. So they in turn sent a spy reconnoiter to explore the positions of the Muslims, but he was captured and killed by them. Muhammad attacked the Banu Mustaliq while they were inattentive and their cattle were drinking water. Knowing that, the Arab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Dumat Al-Jandal
The Expedition of Dumat al-Jandal is an early Muslim expedition which took place in August or September of 626 AD. According to Indian biographer of Muhammad, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Dumat al-Jandal is located at about a distance of fifteen days' march from Medina and five from Damascus. According to historian William Montgomery Watt, it is 500 miles from Medina.{{cite book, author=Watt, W. Montgomery, author-link=Montgomery Watt, title=Muhammad at Medina, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ, publisher=Oxford University Press, year=1956, isbn=978-0-19-577307-1, page=35, quote=This expedition receives scant notice in the sources, but in some ways it is the most significant so far. As Dumah was some 500 miles from Medina there can have been no immediate threat to Muhammad, but it may be, as Caetani suggests, 1 that communications with Syria were being interrupted and supplies to Medina stopped. It is tempting to suppose that was already envisaging something of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Dhat Al-Riqa
The expedition of Dhat al-Riqa took place in July AD 625 (or April 626, Muharram AH 5 of the Islamic calendar according to al-Waqidi),. or after the Battle of Khaybar in AD 628, i.e. AH 7 of the Islamic calendar. Two Quran verses, 5:11 and 4:101, are related to this event. Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation availablhere/ref>Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 345.. Background Muhammad learned that certain tribes of Banu Ghatafan were assembling at Dhat al-Riqa with suspicious purposes. Battle He proceeded towards Nejd leading 400-700 men after he had mandated Abu Dhar to manage Madinah during his absence. In another version, Uthman ibn Affan, is given this honor. The Muslim fighters penetrated deep into their land until they reached Nakhlah where they came across bedouins of Ghatfan. This is called the expedition of Dhat al-Riqa (the patchwork of mountains). Muhammad conducted a surprise raid to di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Badr Al-Maw'id
The Expedition of Badr al-Maw'id was the third time Muhammad led an expedition in Badr. Modern historians date the event to October 625, though several alternative dates are found in primary sources. A year after the Battle of Uhud, it was time for Muslims to meet the polytheists and start war again in order to determine which of the two parties was worthy of survival, according to Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman al Mubarakpuri.. The invasion helped the Muslims regain their military reputation, their dignity and managed to impose their presence over the whole of Arabia after the defeat at the Battle of Uhud. Quran 3:173-176 was reportedly divinely revealed to Muhammad during this event.. See footnote. The event and information about the verses is mentioned in the Sahih Bukhari hadith collection.Tafsir ibn K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Banu Nadir
The invasion of Banu Nadir took place in May AD 625 ('' Rabi' al-awwal'', AH) 4. The account is related in Surah Al-Hashr (Chapter 59 - The Gathering) which describes the banishment of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir who were expelled from Medina after plotting to assassinate the Islamic prophet Muhammad.. Background Reason for attack According to The Sealed Nectar, a modern Islamic biography of Muhammad written by the Indian Muslim author Safi-ur Rahman Mubarakpuri, once Muhammad with some of his Companions set out to see the Banu Nadir tribe and seek their help in raising the blood-money he had to pay to the Banu Kilab for the two men that ‘Amr bin Omaiyah Ad-Damari had killed by mistake in the Expedition of Bir Maona. On hearing his story they said they would share in paying the blood-money and asked him and his Companions Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, ‘Ali and others to sit under a wall of their houses and wait. Mubrakpuri says that the angel Gabriel came down to reveal the plot by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Bir Maona
The Expedition of Bir Maona (also spelt Ma'una), according to Islamic tradition, took place four months after the Battle of Uhud in the year A.H. 4 of the Islamic calendar. It is believed the Islamic prophet Muhammad sent missionaries to preach Islam, at the request of Abu Bara. Forty (as per Ibn Ishaq) or seventy (as per Sahih Bukhari) of the Muslim missionaries sent by Muhammed were killed. Background Four months after the Uhud battle, a delegation of Banu Amir came to Muhammad and presented him with a gift. Abu Bara stayed in Medina. Muhammad declined to accept that gift because it was from a polytheist and asked Abu Bara to embrace Islam. He requested Muhammad to send some Muslims to the people of Najd to call them to Islam. At first, Muhammad was quite apprehensive of this, as he feared that some harm might befall these Muslim missionaries. On Muhammad’s hesitation, Abu Bara guaranteed the safety of the emissaries of Muhammad. The Muslim scholar Tabari describes the ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Al Raji
The Expedition of al Raji, occurred directly after the Battle of Uhud in the year AH 4 of the Islamic calendar. Background Immediately after the Uhud battle, a group of men from Adal and al-Qarah came to Muhammad; requested him to send with them a few instructors to teach Islam to their people who had embraced Islam. Muhammad agreed to this, and promptly sent six men (or ten men as per Ibn Sa’d)Ibn Sa’d Tabaqat, vol. ii, p. 66. with them. However, those emissaries were sent by the Banu Lahyan, who wanted to avenge the killing of their chief, Khalid bin Sufyan al-Hadhali in the Expedition of Abdullah Ibn Unais. Among the six missionaries selected by Muhammad was Asim bin Thabit, who was appointed the head of this delegation. In a differing account in Sahih al-Bukhari, ten men were sent in all, and they were sent as spies, "to bring the enemy's secrets."Sahih al Bukhari 7402 Attack on Muslims When the Muslim party arrived at al-Raji, the delegation took rest for the night. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Abdullah Ibn Unais
The Expedition of Abdullah ibn Unais, also known as the Assassination of Khaled bin Sufyan was the first attack against the Banu Lahyan, which took place in the month of Muharram in the year A.H. 3. It was reported that Khaled bin Sufyan Al-Hathali (also known as Hudayr, the chief of the Banu Lahyan tribe), considered an attack on Madinah and that he was inciting the people on Nakhla or Uranah to fight Muslims. So Muhammad sent Abdullah ibn Unais to assassinate him. After cutting off Khaled bin Sufyan's head at night, Unais brought it back to Muhammad.Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation availablhere/ref> Attack on the chief of Banu Lahyan After the migration to Medina Muhammed also faced the daunting task of protecting those who had migrated to Medina with him and the residents of Medina who had allowed him and his followers to settle in Medina. In this vein, he proactively tried to gather information of possible attacks and acted to cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Qatan
The Expedition of Qatan, was the first Raid on the Banu Asad bin Khuzaymah tribe, which occurred directly after the Battle of Hamra al-Asad in the year 4 A.H of the Islamic calendar.Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation availablhere/ref> Background Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah tribe (not to be confused with the Banu Asad tribe), were the residents of Qatan, in the vicinity of Fayd, was a powerful tribe connected with the Quraysh. They resided near the hill of Qatan in Nejd. It was one of the many Muhammad's ghazwa in order to spread Islam. So he dispatched a force of 150 men under the leadership of Abu Salama `Abd Allah ibn `Abd al-Asad to make a sudden attack on this tribe on the first day of Muharram.Ibn Sa’d, vol.ii, p. 150 Raid When the Muslims arrived at the site the tribe members fled and the Muslims found three herdsmen with a large herd of camels and goats. Then the booty, along with the three captives, was brought to Medina. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Hamra Al-Asad
The Battle of Hamra al-Assad ( ar, غزوة حمراء الأسد), was a Ghazawat, a battle in which the prophet Muhammad took part. It occurred in AD 625 (AH 3) after the Battle of Uhud, when the Quraysh were returning to Mecca. In this battle the Meccans wanted to finally exterminate the Muslims after weakening them in Uhud, by preventing their return to Mecca and finishing them off at Medina. Muhammad successfully prevented this. As a result, the Meccans cancelled their attack and decided not to return to Medina. Later, Muhammad was able to get the upper hand over them. History After Uhud a state of emergency was declared in Medina. Muhammed feared that since the Qureshy had failed to avail anything from their victory they might turn back and attack Medina. On Sunday 8 Shawwal, AH 3 (24 March 625), the day after the battle at Uhud, when the Muslims woke up they heard that Muhammad had called on them to join him in the pursuit of the returning Quraysh army. He gave a gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
