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Cantref Bychen
A cantref ( ; ; plural cantrefi or cantrefs; also rendered as ''cantred'') was a medieval Welsh land division, particularly important in the administration of Welsh law. Description Land in medieval Wales was divided into ''cantrefi'', which were themselves divided into smaller ''cymydau'' (commotes). The word ''cantref'' is derived from ''cant'' ("a hundred") and ''tref'' ("town" in modern Welsh, but formerly used for much smaller settlements). The ''cantref'' is thought to be the original unit, with the commotes being a later division. ''Cantrefi'' could vary considerably in size: most were divided into two or three commotes, but the largest, the ''Cantref Mawr'' (or "Great Cantref") in Ystrad Tywi (now in Carmarthenshire) was divided into seven commotes. History The antiquity of the ''cantrefi'' is demonstrated by the fact that they often mark the boundary between dialects. Some were originally kingdoms in their own right; others may have been artificial units created l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gwent Is-coed
Gwent may refer to: Places * Kingdom of Gwent, a post-Roman Welsh kingdom or principality which existed in various forms between about the 5th and 11th centuries, although the name continued in use later *Gwent (preserved county), a preserved county in Wales *Gwent (former administrative county), a Welsh local authority between 1974 and 1996 **The operational area of Gwent Police *Gwent, a Celtic region which at one time covered part of modern-day Hampshire in England People *Gwilym Gwent, adopted name of Welsh-born American composer William Aubrey Williams (1834–1891) *Richard Gwent Dr Richard Gwent (died 1543) was a senior ecclesiastical jurist, pluralist cleric and administrator through the period of the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII. Of south Welsh origins, as a Doctor of both laws in the University ... (died 1543), a chaplain of King Henry VIII and official in the Church of England Other uses * Coleg Gwent, a further education college in Wales * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ewyas
Ewyas ( cy, Ewias) was a possible early Welsh kingdom which may have been formed around the time of the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century. The name was later used for a much smaller commote or administrative sub-division, which covered the area of the modern Vale of Ewyas (now within Monmouthshire, Wales) and a larger area to the east including the villages of Ewyas Harold and Ewyas Lacy (now within Herefordshire, England). A legendary kingdom Some researchers interpret the evidence of the medieval Llandaff charters to suggest that early Ewyas may have encompassed much of south-east Wales, including the later kingdoms of Gwent and Ergyng. However, these sources are open to several interpretations and this is not generally accepted by mainstream historians. Geoffrey of Monmouth gives the legend of Octavius (Welsh: Eudaf), "earl of Ewyas and Ergyng", in his famous pseudo-history ''Historia Regum Britanniae'', making him a descendant of Caratacus who had led the Silu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ergyng
Ergyng (or Erging) was a Welsh kingdom of the sub-Roman and early medieval period, between the 5th and 7th centuries. It was later referred to by the English as ''Archenfield''. Location The kingdom lay mostly in what is now western Herefordshire (now in England), its heartland between the River Monnow and River Wye. However, it also spread into modern Monmouthshire and east of the Wye, where sits the old Roman town of ''Ariconium'' (Welsh: ''Ergyng'') at Weston under Penyard from which its name may derive; it may have been the first capital. Some maps show Ergyng extending across what is now the Forest of Dean to the River Severn. Monarchy After the withdrawal of the Roman legions from Britain in 410 AD, new smaller political entities took the place of the centralised structure. The area was originally part of the Kingdom of Glywysing (modern Glamorgan) and the Kingdom of Gwent, but seems to have become independent for a period under Peibio Clafrog in the 5th or 6th century an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eginog
A commote (Welsh ''cwmwd'', sometimes spelt in older documents as ''cymwd'', plural ''cymydau'', less frequently ''cymydoedd'')''Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru'' (University of Wales Dictionary), p. 643 was a secular division of land in Medieval Wales. The word derives from the prefix ''cym-'' ("together", "with") and the noun ''bod'' ("home, abode"). The English word "commote" is derived from the Middle Welsh ''cymwt''. Medieval Welsh land organisation The basic unit of land was the ''tref'', a small village or settlement. In theory, 100 ''trefi'' made up a ''cantref'' (literally, "one hundred settlements"; plural: ''cantrefi''), and half or a third of a ''cantref'' was a ''cymwd'', although in practice the actual numbers varied greatly. Together with the ''cantrefi'', commotes were the geographical divisions through which defence and justice were organised. In charge of a commote would be a chieftain probably related to the ruling Prince of the Kingdom. His court would have been s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantref Bychan
A commote (Welsh ''cwmwd'', sometimes spelt in older documents as ''cymwd'', plural ''cymydau'', less frequently ''cymydoedd'')''Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru'' (University of Wales Dictionary), p. 643 was a secular division of land in Medieval Wales. The word derives from the prefix ''cym-'' ("together", "with") and the noun ''bod'' ("home, abode"). The English word "commote" is derived from the Middle Welsh ''cymwt''. Medieval Welsh land organisation The basic unit of land was the ''tref'', a small village or settlement. In theory, 100 ''trefi'' made up a '' cantref'' (literally, "one hundred settlements"; plural: ''cantrefi''), and half or a third of a ''cantref'' was a ''cymwd'', although in practice the actual numbers varied greatly. Together with the ''cantrefi'', commotes were the geographical divisions through which defence and justice were organised. In charge of a commote would be a chieftain probably related to the ruling Prince of the Kingdom. His court would have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantref Mawr
Cantref Mawr was a cantref in south-west Wales. It was of strategic importance in medieval Wales as the location of the main seat of the princes of Deheubarth at Dinefwr. ''Cantref Mawr'' means "The Great Cantref". Each cantref in medieval Wales was divided into cwmwdau, and a typical cantref would be made up of two or three cwmwd. Cantref Mawr was made up of seven cwmwdau, which made it one of the largest cantrefs in Wales. Cantref Mawr was an upland area, bounded by the rivers Tywi, Teifi , name_etymology = , image = File:Llyn Teifi - geograph.org.uk - 41773.jpg , image_size = , image_caption = Llyn Teifi, the source of the Teifi , map = , map_size = , map_caption ... and Gwili. The area at this period was covered in dense scrub which caused difficulties for invading armies, so that the Cantref Mawr often provided a secure refuge for the princes of Deheubarth when facing an invasion. References Lloyd, J. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emlyn
Emlyn was one of the seven cantrefi of Dyfed, an ancient district of Wales, which became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the northern part of Dyfed bordering on the River Teifi. Its southern boundary followed the ridge of the line of hills separating the Teifi valley from the valleys of the Tâf and Tywi. Geography The name derives from ''am'' (around, on both sides of) and ''glyn'' (valley), the valley in question being presumably the Cuch. The Cuch valley is the most prominent valley among the low foothills which lie between the Preseli Hills and Cambrian Mountains, and Emlyn is essentially the region north of, and within, the gap between these landforms. As such, it was the first part of Dyfed to face invaders from Ceredigion. Its area was about . It was divided by the River Cuch into the commotes of Emlyn Is Cuch (to the west) and Emlyn Uwch Cuch to the east. Its civil headquarters were divided between Cilgerran in the lower commote and Newcastle Emlyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantref Gwarthaf (Dyfed)
250 px, Location of Cantref Gwarthaf and its commotes (dark green) in southwest Wales Cantref Gwarthaf was the largest of the seven ''cantrefi'' of Dyfed in southwest Wales. It subsequently became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the southeastern part of Dyfed containing most of the basin of the River Tâf, parts of modern-day Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire. The name means "upper-most zone". Its area was about . Unlike the other Dyfed ''cantrefi'' which were divided into two (or fewer) commotes, Cantref Gwarthaf was divided into eight commotes: Amgoed, Derllys, Efelfre, {{ill, Elfed (cymwd), lt=Elfed, cy, Elfed (cwmwd), br, Elfed (kombod), Penrhyn, Peuliniog, Talacharn, and Ystlwys. Its civil headquarters were at Carmarthen. Its ecclesiastical centre (and perhaps, in the Age of the Saints, the seat of a bishopWilliams, A. H., ''An Introduction to the History of Wales'': Volume I: ''Prehistoric Times to 1063'', UoWP, 1941, pp 120-121) was probably al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penfro (cantref)
250 px, Location of the cantref of Penfro within ancient Dyfed The Cantref of Penfro was one of the seven cantrefi of the Kingdom of Dyfed. It subsequently became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the long peninsular part of Dyfed south of the Eastern Cleddau and the Daugleddau estuary, and bordered on its landward side by Cantref Gwarthaf. The name, meaning "land's end", derives from ''Pen'' ("end", literally "head") and "fro" ("populated area"). Its area was approximately . It was divided into two commotes: Cwmwd Penfro in the southwest and Cwmwd Coedrath in the northeast, as shown in the map. The eastern part of Cwmwd Penfro was sometimes called Cwmwd Maenorbier, and the northern part of Cwmwd Coedrath was sometimes called Cwmwd Arberth, but both these were post-Norman lordships, and were probably not genuine commotes. Its civil headquarters were at Pembroke: Rhoscrowther or Penally might have been its ecclesiastical centre. The cantref was made pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dungleddy
200px, Ancient Dyfed showing Deugleddyf Cantref and its "commotes" 200px, Pembrokeshire showing Dungleddy Hundred The Hundred of Dungleddy was a hundred in the centre of Pembrokeshire, Wales. It had its origins in the pre-Norman cantref of Deugleddyf. It derives its Welsh name from its position between the two branches of the River Cleddau (''Cleddyf''): the English form is a corruption of the Welsh. The area of the cantref was around 185 km2: it was the smallest of the seven cantrefi of Dyfed. The cantref was allegedly divided into two commotes. The Red Book of Hergest calls these "Castell Hu" (= modern ''Cas-wis'' or Wiston) and "Llan y Hadein" (=''Llanhuadain'' or Llawhaden). These both appear to be post-Norman lordships and are not genuine native subdivisions. The western part of the hundred was English-speaking from the time of the Norman conquest, and formed part of Little England beyond Wales: the eastern part was part of the Lordship of the Bishop of St David' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
