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Canna Agriculture Group
The Canna Agriculture Group contains all of the varieties of Canna used in agriculture. Canna achira and Canna edulis (Latin: eatable) are generic terms used in South America to describe the cannas that have been selectively bred for agricultural purposes, normally derived from ''C. discolor''. Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia It is grown especially for its edible rootstock from which starch is obtained, but the leaves and young seed are also edible, and achira was once a staple foodcrop in Peru and Ecuador.Chaté, E. (1867) Le Canna, son histoire, sa culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage Farming varieties There are some named agricultural varieties, and published comparative studies have involved: Many more traditional varieties exist worldwide, they have all involved human selection and so are classified as agricultural cultivars. Folk lore states that ''Canna edulis'' Ker-Gawl. is the variety grown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna (plant)
''Canna'' or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species.The Cannaceae of the World, H. Maas-van der Kamer & P.J.M. Maas, BLUMEA 53: 247-318 Cannas are not true lilies, but have been assigned by the APG II system of 2003 to the order Zingiberales in the monocot clade Commelinids, together with their closest relatives, the gingers, spiral gingers, bananas, arrowroots, heliconias, and birds of paradise. The plants have large foliage, so horticulturists have developed selected forms as large-flowered garden plants. Cannas are also used in agriculture as a source of starch for human and animal consumption. Khoshoo, T.N. & Guha, I. - Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House Although plants of the tropics, most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world, as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer, and ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triloki Nath Khoshoo
Triloki Nath Khoshoo (1927-2002) was an Indian environmental scientist and administrator. He started his professional career as the co-founder of the Department of Botany that moved to Khalsa College, Amritsar, soon after the partition of India. After a brief stint as Chairman of the Botany Department at Jammu and Kashmir University, he joined the National Botanical Gardens, Lucknow, in 1964 as Assistant Director, where he worked under Kailas Nath Kaul, the Founder Director of the Gardens. He soon became the Director, and due to his efforts, the institution rose to the stature of being the National Botanical Research Institute in 1978. Government posts In 1982, he became the Secretary of the newly created Department of Environment in Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's cabinet with the responsibility of developing a pro-active environmental policy for the country. In 1985, he joined TERI as a Distinguished Fellow and contributed to public policy discussions at national as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Beetle
The Japanese beetle (''Popillia japonica'') is a species of scarab beetle. The adult measures in length and in width, has iridescent copper-colored elytra and a green thorax and head. It is not very destructive in Japan (where it is controlled by natural predators), but in North America and some regions of Europe is a noted pest to roughly 300 species of plants, including rose bushes, grapes, hops, canna, crape myrtles, birch trees, linden trees, and others. The adult beetles damage plants by skeletonizing the foliage (i.e., consuming only the material between a leaf's veins) as well as, at times, feeding on a plant's fruit. The subterranean larvae feed on the roots of grasses. Description Adult ''P. japonica'' measure in length and in width, with iridescent copper-colored elytra and green thorax and head. A row of white tufts (spots) of hair project from under the wing covers on each side of the body. Distribution ''Popillia japonica'' is native to Japan, but is an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna Rust
''Puccinia thaliae'' is the causal agent of canna rust, a fungal disease of '' Canna''. Symptoms include yellow to tan spots on the plant's leaves and stems. Initial disease symptoms will result in scattered sori (clustered sporangia), eventually covering the entirety of the leaf with coalescing pustulates. Both leaf surfaces, although more predominant on the underside (abaxial) of the leaf, will show yellow to brownish spore-producing these pustulate structures, and these are the signs of the disease. Spots on the upper leaf-surface coalesce and turn to brown-to-black as the disease progresses. Infection spots will become necrotic with time, with small holes (3 to 5mm) developing in older leaves. These infected leaves eventually become dry and prematurely fall. Control When canna rust first appears, the affected foliage should be removed and discarded, otherwise the fungi will propagate and destroy the whole plant. The affected foliage should not be composted, as that will simp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna Virus
The genus '' Canna'' is susceptible to certain plant viruses, which may result in spotted or streaked leaves, in a mild form, but can finally result in stunted growth and twisted and distorted blooms and foliage. Known species of virus are: * Canna yellow mottle badnavirus (CYMV) infecting ''canna'' species. * Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) infecting cannas, gladiolus, freesia and many legumes. * Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), causes mosaic in cannas, but it has not been reported affecting cannas in the UK. * Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), cannas are susceptible to this virus, but none found yet in England. * Canna yellow streak virus (CaYSV), recently discovered by scientists at the Central Science Laboratory in England. Dr Rick Mumford, senior virologist at CSL is quoted as stating "Typical virus symptoms include flecking, mosaic, leaf streaking and necrosis, which in severe cases render plants unsaleable." The reference to this quoted article is shown below. Known facts Overall, ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna Leaf Roller
Canna leaf roller refers to two different Lepidoptera species that are pests of cultivated cannas ''Canna'' or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species.The Cannaceae of the World, Hiltje Maas-van de Kamer, H. Maas-van der Kamer & Paulus Johannes Maria Maas, P.J.M. Maas, BLUMEA 53: 24 .... Caterpillars of the Brazilian skipper butterfly ('' Calpodes ethlius''), also known as the larger canna leaf roller, cut the leaves and roll them over to live inside while pupating and eating the leaf. In addition, caterpillars of the lesser canna leaf roller ('' Geshna cannalis''), a grass moth, will sew the leaves shut before they can unfurl by spinning a silk thread around the leaf. The resultant leaf damage can be distressing to a gardener. References {{reflist External links [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Canna Hybridists
The first hybridisation of Cannas was performed in 1848, and since then many Canna hybridizers have made their contribution to the genus over the centuries. This is a date ordered list of those people and their brief stories. 1848 Théodore Année A retired French diplomatic agent in America, the gentleman gardener Monsieur Théodore Année of Passy, France, brought back from his travels the seeds of several Canna species, and in 1848 he crossed C. ''glauca'' with C. ''indica'', so producing the first known and recorded Canna hybrid, C. x ''annaei'' André, now referred to as C. 'Annei'. Année was rapidly joined by many other enthusiasts and professional horticulturists as Canna hybrids enjoyed rapid popularity in France. In 1866 he retired to Nice, France, and from there released his last recorded cultivar, C. 'Prémices de Nice'. 1850s Jean Liabaud A resident of Lyon, France. 1850s E. Chaté et fils A resident of Paris, France. 1860s Jean Sisley A resident of Lyon, France. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Canna Cultivars
This list of ''Canna'' cultivars is a gallery of named cultivars of plants in the genus '' Canna'' that are representative of the various ''Canna'' cultivar groups (i.e., groups of very similar cultivars). Names of cultivars conform to the rules of the International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS) Commission for Nomenclature and Cultivar Registration, as laid down in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. They are registered with an International Cultivar Registration Authority (ICRA), which for the genus ''Canna'' is the Royal General Bulbgrowers' Association of the Netherlands (KAVB). Foliage group Cultivars, F1 and F2 hybrids, normally with small species-like flowers, but grown principally for their foliage. This group has occasionally been referred to as the Année Group, after the originator, Théodore Année, the world's first ''Canna'' hybridizer. However, the use of an accented character in the name creates problems, both in pronunciatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Canna Species
''Canna (plant), Canna'' species have been categorised by two different taxonomists in the course of the last three decades. They are Paulus Johannes Maria Maas, Paul Maas, from the Netherlands and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan.Tanaka, N. (2001) Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Both reduced the number of species from the 50-100 that had been accepted previously, and assigned most to being synonym (taxonomy), synonyms. Inevitably, there are some differences in their categorisations, and the individual articles on the species describe the differences. The reduction in the number of species is also confirmed by work done by Kress and Prince at the Smithsonian Institution, however, this only covers a subset of the species range.Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution Tanaka's 2001 ''Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia'' is one source of species names, allied with the proposal to conserve the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato Starch
Potato starch is starch extracted from potatoes. The cells of the root tubers of the potato plant contain leucoplasts (starch grains). To extract the starch, the potatoes are crushed, and the starch grains are released from the destroyed cells. The starch is then left to settle out of solution or separated by hydrocyclones, then dried to powder. Potato starch contains typical large oval spherical granules ranging in size from 5 to 100 μm. Potato starch is a refined starch, containing minimal protein or fat. This gives the powder a clear white colour, and the cooked starch typical characteristics of neutral taste, good clarity, high binding strength, long texture, and minimal tendency to foaming or yellowing of the solution. Potato starch contains approximately 800 ppm phosphate bound to the starch; this increases the viscosity and gives the solution a slightly anionic character, a low gelatinisation temperature of approximately , and high swelling power. These propertie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrowroot
Arrowroot is a starch obtained from the rhizomes (rootstock) of several tropical plants, traditionally ''Maranta arundinacea'', but also Florida arrowroot from ''Zamia integrifolia'', and tapioca from cassava (''Manihot esculenta''), which is often labelled as arrowroot. Polynesian arrowroot or pia (''Tacca leontopetaloides''), and Japanese arrowroot (''Pueraria lobata''), also called kudzu, are used in similar ways. History Archaeological studies in the Americas show evidence of arrowroot cultivation as early as 7,000 years ago. The name may come from ''aru-aru'' (meal of meals) in the language of the Caribbean Arawak peoples, Arawak people, for whom the plant was a staple. It has also been suggested that the name comes from arrowroot's use in treating poison-arrow wounds, as it draws out the poison when applied to the site of the injury. In the early days of carbonless copy paper, arrowroot, because of its fine grain-size, was a widely used ingredient. After an economical way ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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