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Calyptospora
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Columnaris
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Funduli
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Goeppertiana
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Jiinduli
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Serrasalmi
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Spinosa
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Tucunarensis
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptospora Empristica
''Calyptospora'' is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus and family was created in 1984 for the species ''Eimeria funduli'' because of morphological differences in the sporocyst suggested that it was not a typical member of the genus ''Eimeria''.Overstreet RM, Hawkins WE, Fournie JW (1984) The Coccidian Genus ''Calyptospora'' n. g. and Family ''Calyptosporidae'' n. fam. (Apicomplexa), with members infecting primarily fishes. J Euk Micro 31 (2) 332–339 The type species is ''Calyptospora funduli''. Life cycle These parasites infect the livers of their fish hosts which they appear to reach via the gastrointestinal tract. They have an obligatory intermediate host - usually a shrimp - in which they infect the enterocytes of the shrimp gut. The life cycle appears to be as follows: infected fish excrete the parasites from their gastrointestinal tract into which they are secreted with the bile. An intermediate host such as a shrimp ingests the parasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shrimp
Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are referred to as "shrimp". More narrow definitions may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group or to only the marine species. Under a broader definition, ''shrimp'' may be synonymous with prawn, covering stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long, narrow muscular tails (abdomens), long whiskers ( antennae), and slender legs. Any small crustacean which resembles a shrimp tends to be called one. They swim forward by paddling with swimmerets on the underside of their abdomens, although their escape response is typically repeated flicks with the tail driving them backwards very quickly. Crabs and lobsters have strong walking legs, whereas shrimp have thin, fragile legs which they use primarily for perching.Rudloe & Rudloe (2009 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liver
The liver is a major Organ (anatomy), organ only found in vertebrates which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the Protein biosynthesis, synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. In humans, it is located in the quadrant (anatomy), right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the thoracic diaphragm, diaphragm. Its other roles in metabolism include the regulation of Glycogen, glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, and the production of hormones. The liver is an accessory digestive organ that produces bile, an alkaline fluid containing cholesterol and bile acids, which helps the fatty acid degradation, breakdown of fat. The gallbladder, a small pouch that sits just under the liver, stores bile produced by the liver which is later moved to the small intestine to complete digestion. The liver's highly specialized biological tissue, tissue, consisting mostly of hepatocytes, regulates a w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the circulatory system is also known as ''peripheral blood'', and the blood cells it carries, ''peripheral blood cells''. Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), and blood cells themselves. Albumin is the main protein in plasma, and it functions to regulate the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called WBCs or leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes). The most abundant cells in vertebrate blo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bile
Bile (from Latin ''bilis''), or gall, is a dark-green-to-yellowish-brown fluid produced by the liver of most vertebrates that aids the digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In humans, bile is produced continuously by the liver (liver bile) and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. After eating, this stored bile is discharged into the duodenum. The composition of hepatic bile is (97–98)% water, 0.7% bile salts, 0.2% bilirubin, 0.51% fats (cholesterol, fatty acids, and lecithin), and 200 meq/L inorganic salts. The two main pigments of bile are bilirubin, which is yellow, and its oxidised form biliverdin, which is green. When mixed, they are responsible for the brown color of feces. About 400 to 800 millilitres of bile is produced per day in adult human beings. Function Bile or gall acts to some extent as a surfactant, helping to emulsify the lipids in food. Bile salt anions are hydrophilic on one side and hydrophobic on the other side; consequently, they tend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
