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CZ-2C
The Long March 2C (LM-2C), also known as the Chang Zheng 2C (CZ-2C), is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle, part of the Long March 2 rocket family. Developed and manufactured by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT), the Long March 2C made its first launch on 9 September 1982. It is a two-stage launch vehicle with storable propellants, consisting of Nitrogen Tetroxide and Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine. The launch vehicle was derived from the DF-5 ICBM. Several variants of this launch vehicle have been built, all using an optional third solid motor stage: * 2C/SD: Commercial satellite launcher with a multi-satellite smart dispenser allowing delivery of two satellites simultaneously * 2C/SM: Version for delivery of small satellites to high orbits * 2C/SMA: Improved version of the 2C/SM According to the website ''Gunter's Space Page'', in addition to the launches listed in the following table, there may have been six additional CZ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CZ-2C
The Long March 2C (LM-2C), also known as the Chang Zheng 2C (CZ-2C), is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle, part of the Long March 2 rocket family. Developed and manufactured by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT), the Long March 2C made its first launch on 9 September 1982. It is a two-stage launch vehicle with storable propellants, consisting of Nitrogen Tetroxide and Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine. The launch vehicle was derived from the DF-5 ICBM. Several variants of this launch vehicle have been built, all using an optional third solid motor stage: * 2C/SD: Commercial satellite launcher with a multi-satellite smart dispenser allowing delivery of two satellites simultaneously * 2C/SM: Version for delivery of small satellites to high orbits * 2C/SMA: Improved version of the 2C/SM According to the website ''Gunter's Space Page'', in addition to the launches listed in the following table, there may have been six additional CZ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center
The Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center (TSLC) also known as ''Base 25'' (), is a People's Republic of China space and defense launch facility (spaceport). It is situated in Kelan County, Xinzhou, Shanxi Province and is the second of four launch sites having been founded in March 1966 and coming into full operation in 1968. Taiyuan sits at an altitude of 1500 meters and its dry climate makes it an ideal launch site. The site is primarily used to launch meteorological satellites, Earth resource satellites and scientific satellites on Long March launch vehicles into Sun-synchronous orbits. TSLC is also a major launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles and overland submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) tests. The site has a sophisticated Technical Center and Mission Command and Control Center. It is served by two feeder railways that connect with the Ningwu–Kelan railway. Launch pads * Launch Site 7: CZ-1D, CZ-2C/SD, CZ-4A, CZ-4B and CZ-4C vehicles. * Launch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC; also known as Shuangchengzi Missile Test Center; Launch Complex B2; formally Northwest Comprehensive Missile Testing Facility (); Base 20; 63600 Unit) is a Chinese space vehicle launch facility (spaceport) located in the Gobi Desert, Inner Mongolia. It is part of the Dongfeng Aerospace City (Base 10). Although the facility is geographically located within Ejin Banner of Inner Mongolia's Alxa League, it is named after the nearest city, Jiuquan in Gansu Province. The launch center straddles both sides of the Ruo Shui river. History It was founded in 1958, the first of China's four spaceports. As with all Chinese launch facilities, it is remote and generally closed to foreigners. The Satellite Launch Center is a part of Dongfeng Space City (), also known as ''Base 10'' () or ''Dongfeng base'' (). The Dongfeng site also includes People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) test flight facilities, a space museum and a so-called marty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long March (rocket Family)
The Long March rockets are a family of expendable launch system rockets operated by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The rockets are named after the Chinese Red Army's 1934–35 Long March military retreat during the Chinese Civil War. The Long March series has performed more than 350 launches, including missions to low-Earth orbit, sun-synchronous orbit, geostationary transfer orbit, and Earth-moon transfer orbit. The new-generation carrier rockets, Long March 5, Long March 6, Long March 7, Long March 11, and Long March 8, have made their maiden flights. Among them, the Long March 5 has a low-Earth orbit carrying capacity of 25,000 kilograms, and a geosynchronous transfer orbit carrying capacity of 14,000 kilograms. History China used the Long March 1 rocket to launch its first satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, Dong Fang Hong 1 (lit. "The East is Red 1"), into low Earth orbit on 24 April 1970, becoming the fifth nation to achieve independent launch capabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long March 2 Rocket Family
Long March 2 rocket family or Chang Zheng 2 rocket family as in Chinese pinyin is an expendable launch system operated by the People's Republic of China. The rockets use the abbreviations LM-2 family for export, and CZ-2 family within China, as "Chang Zheng" means "Long March" in Chinese pinyin. They are part of the larger Long March rocket family. Development and design falls mostly under the auspices of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT). History Long March 2 was the original model in the Long March 2 rocket family, which was derived from China's first ICBM, the DF-5. The development work began in 1970. The first rocket was launched on November 5, 1974, but the launch failed. After the failed first launch of Long March 2, its design was slightly modified and designated as Long March 2A. Long March 2A was successfully launched in 1975. The production of the Long March 2A ended in 1979. Long March 2C and Long March 2D's first launches occurred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YF-20
The YF-20 is a Chinese liquid-fuel rocket engine burning N2O4 and UDMH in a gas generator cycle. It is a basic engine which when mounted in a four engine module forms the YF-21. The high altitude variation is known as the YF-22 is normally paired with the YF-23 vernier to form the YF-24 propulsion module for second stages. New versions when used individually for booster applications are called YF-25. Versions The basic engine has been used since the Feng Bao 1 rocket and has been the main propulsion of the Long March 2, Long March 3 and Long March 4 families. * YF-20: Core engine. Flown originally on the Feng Bao 1 and Long March 2A. * YF-20A: Core engine. * YF-20B (a.k.a. DaFY5-1): Core engine, also used on the boosters. * YF-20C: Core engine, also used on the boosters. * YF-20D: Core engine, also used on the boosters. * YF-20E: Core engine, also used on the boosters. * YF-22: Upper stage version with enlarged nozzle are ratio. Flown originally on the Feng Bao 1 second stage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geostationary Transfer Orbit
A geosynchronous transfer orbit or geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a type of geocentric orbit. Satellite, Satellites that are destined for geosynchronous orbit, geosynchronous (GSO) or geostationary orbit (GEO) are (almost) always put into a GTO as an intermediate step for reaching their final orbit. A GTO is highly Elliptic orbit, elliptic. Its perigee (closest point to Earth) is typically as high as low Earth orbit (LEO), while its apogee (furthest point from Earth) is as high as geostationary (or equally, a geosynchronous) orbit. That makes it a Hohmann transfer orbit between LEO and GSO. Larson, Wiley J. and James R. Wertz, eds. Space Mission Design and Analysis, 2nd Edition. Published jointly by Microcosm, Inc. (Torrance, CA) and Kluwer Academic Publishers (Dordrecht/Boston/London). 1991. While some geostationary orbit, GEO satellites are launched direct to that orbit, often the launch vehicle lacks the power to put both the rocket and the satellite into that orbit. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orbit
In celestial mechanics, an orbit is the curved trajectory of an object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an artificial satellite around an object or position in space such as a planet, moon, asteroid, or Lagrange point. Normally, orbit refers to a regularly repeating trajectory, although it may also refer to a non-repeating trajectory. To a close approximation, planets and satellites follow elliptic orbits, with the center of mass being orbited at a focal point of the ellipse, as described by Kepler's laws of planetary motion. For most situations, orbital motion is adequately approximated by Newtonian mechanics, which explains gravity as a force obeying an inverse-square law. However, Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, which accounts for gravity as due to curvature of spacetime, with orbits following geodesics, provides a more accurate calculation and understanding of the exact mechanics of orbi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freja (satellite)
FREJA was a Swedish satellite developed by the Swedish Space Corporation on behalf of the Swedish National Space Board. It was piggyback launched on a Long March 2C launch vehicle from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China on October 6, 1992. The satellite's total cost was 19 million U.S. dollars, excluding the costs of experiments. It was funded with Swedish tax money through the Swedish National Space Board, donations from the Wallenberg Foundation and approximately 25% from the German Ministry for Science and Technology. Experiments (payload) * (F1) Electric Fields, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden * (F2) Magnetic Fields, Applied Physics Laboratory/Johns Hopkins University, United States * (F3C) Cold Plasma, National Research Council of Canada, Canada * (F3H) Particles; Hot Plasma, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden * (F4) Waves, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden * (F5) Auroral Imager, University of Calgary, Canada * (F6) Electron Bea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanhui Shi Weixing
The Fanhui Shi Weixing () series of satellites was China's first reconnaissance satellite program. The satellites were used for military reconnaissance and civilian imagery tasks and completed 23 missions between November 1974 and April 2016. There were four generations of the Fanhui Shi Weixing (FSW) satellites: FSW-0 from 1974 to 1987; FSW-1 from 1987 to 1993; FSW-2 from 1992 to 1996; and FSW-3 from 2003 to 2005. Two derivative models, the Shijian-8 (SJ-8) and Shijian-10 (SJ-10), were developed and launched as 'seed satellites' conducting bioastronautic experiments for the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture. All FSW-series satellites were launched into orbit using Long March rockets from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center ( JSLC). The successful recovery of the an FSW-0 recoverable satellite in 1974 established China as the third nation to launch and recover a satellite following the United States and Soviet Union. This success served as the basis for the second Chinese crewe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanhui Shi Weixing-0
The Fanhui Shi Weixing () series of satellites was China's first reconnaissance satellite program. The satellites were used for military reconnaissance and civilian imagery tasks and completed 23 missions between November 1974 and April 2016. There were four generations of the Fanhui Shi Weixing (FSW) satellites: FSW-0 from 1974 to 1987; FSW-1 from 1987 to 1993; FSW-2 from 1992 to 1996; and FSW-3 from 2003 to 2005. Two derivative models, the Shijian-8 (SJ-8) and Shijian-10 (SJ-10), were developed and launched as 'seed satellites' conducting bioastronautic experiments for the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture. All FSW-series satellites were launched into orbit using Long March rockets from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center ( JSLC). The successful recovery of the an FSW-0 recoverable satellite in 1974 established China as the third nation to launch and recover a satellite following the United States and Soviet Union. This success served as the basis for the second Chinese crewe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grid Fin
Grid fins (or lattice fins) are a type of flight control surface used on rockets and bombs, sometimes in place of more conventional control surfaces, such as planar fins. They were developed in the 1950s by a team led by and used since the 1970s in various Soviet ballistic missile designs such as the SS-12 ''Scaleboard'', SS-20 ''Saber'', SS-21 ''Scarab'', SS-23 ''Spider'', and SS-25 ''Sickle'', as well as the N-1 (the intended rocket for the Soviet moon program). In Russia, they are thus often referred to as ' grid fins. Grid fins have also been used on conventional missiles and bombs such as the Vympel R-77 air-to-air missile; the 3M-54 Klub (SS-N-27 Sizzler) family of cruise missiles; and the American Massive Ordnance Air Blast (MOAB) large-yield conventional bomb, and on specialized devices such as the Quick-MEDS delivery system and as part of the launch escape system for the Soyuz spacecraft. In 2014, SpaceX tested grid fins on a first-stage demonstration test v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
