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Zapornia
''Zapornia'' is a genus of birds in the rail family Rallidae. Taxonomy The genus ''Zapornia'' was introduced in 1816 by the English zoologist William Elford Leach in a catalogue of animals in the British Museum. He included a single species, the little crake which is therefore the type species. The genus name is an anagram of the genus '' Porzana'' that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis-Pierre Vieillot. The species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to ''Porzana'' and ''Amaurornis''. The genus contains the following species: * Black crake, ''Zapornia flavirostra'' (formerly placed in ''Amaurornis'') * Sakalava rail, ''Zapornia olivieri'' (formerly placed in ''Amaurornis'') * Ruddy-breasted crake, ''Zapornia fusca'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Band-bellied crake, ''Zapornia paykullii'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Black-tailed crake, ''Zapornia bicolor'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Brown crake, ''Zapornia akool'' (formerly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zapornia
''Zapornia'' is a genus of birds in the rail family Rallidae. Taxonomy The genus ''Zapornia'' was introduced in 1816 by the English zoologist William Elford Leach in a catalogue of animals in the British Museum. He included a single species, the little crake which is therefore the type species. The genus name is an anagram of the genus '' Porzana'' that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis-Pierre Vieillot. The species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to ''Porzana'' and ''Amaurornis''. The genus contains the following species: * Black crake, ''Zapornia flavirostra'' (formerly placed in ''Amaurornis'') * Sakalava rail, ''Zapornia olivieri'' (formerly placed in ''Amaurornis'') * Ruddy-breasted crake, ''Zapornia fusca'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Band-bellied crake, ''Zapornia paykullii'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Black-tailed crake, ''Zapornia bicolor'' (formerly placed in ''Porzana'') * Brown crake, ''Zapornia akool'' (formerly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laysan Rail
The Laysan rail or Laysan crake (''Zapornia palmeri'') was a flightless bird endemic to the Northwest Hawaiian Island of Laysan. This small island was and still is an important seabird colony, and sustained a number of endemic species, including the rail. It became extinct due to habitat loss by domestic rabbits, and ultimately World War II. Taxonomy Its scientific name honours Henry Palmer, who collected in the Hawaiian Islands for Walter Rothschild. The following cladogram shows the placement of the among other rails, according to Slikas and colleagues, 2002: Description It was a small bird ( from beaktip to "tail" tip, fully stretched out), a flightless member of the rail family. Tail and wings had been reduced in the course of its evolution to lengths of merely and , respectively, and it only had 8 primaries as opposed to 10 in volant rails. The bill, measuring , was strong and straight, and the legs were also well-developed; in its overall proportions it was simila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baillon's Crake
Baillon's crake (''Zapornia pusilla''), also known as the marsh crake, is a small waterbird of the family Rallidae. Distribution Their breeding habitat is sedge beds in Europe, mainly in the east, and across the Palearctic. They used to breed in Great Britain up to the mid-19th century, but the western European population declined through drainage. There has been a recovery in north-western Europe in recent years, with the recolonisation of Germany and the Netherlands, and breeding suspected in Britain; an Irish record in 2012 was the first there since the 1850s. They nest in a dry location in wet sedge bogs, laying 4–8 eggs. This species is migratory, wintering in east Africa and south Asia. It is also a resident breeder in Africa and Australasia. There is a single North American record of this species on Attu Island in September 2000. Subspecies There are at least five subspecies of Baillon's crake: * Marsh crake '' Porzana pusilla affinis'' in New Zealand * ''Porzan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Crake
The little crake (''Zapornia parva'') is a very small waterbird of the family Rallidae. ''parva'' is Latin for "small". Its breeding habitat is reed beds in Europe, mainly in the east, and just into western Asia. This species is migratory, wintering in Africa. At in length, they are slightly smaller than the spotted crake, from which they are readily distinguished by the lack of dark barring and white spots on the flanks. The little crake has a short straight bill, yellow with a red base. They have green legs with long toes, and a short tail which is barred black and white underneath. Unlike other '' Porzana'' crakes, this species has strong sexual dimorphism: Adult males have mainly brown upperparts and blue-grey face and underparts. They resemble the sympatric Baillon's crake (''P. pusilla''), which has strongly barred flanks and is a little smaller. Females have buff underparts, and are grey only on the face; they are more similar to the yellow-breasted crake (''P. flaviv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Crake
The black crake (''Zapornia flavirostra'') is a waterbird in the rail and crake family, Rallidae. It breeds in most of sub-Saharan Africa except in very arid areas. It undertakes some seasonal movements in those parts of its range which are subject to drought. No subspecies have been described. It appears that the oldest available name for this species is actually ''Rallus niger'' J. F. Gmelin, 1788, but Swainson believed that the earlier name was unidentifiable, and his own has since become well embedded in the literature. Description The adult black crake is long with a short tail and long toes. As its name implies, the adult has mainly black plumage, with a brown olive tone on the wings and upperparts which is rarely detectable in the field. The eye is red, the bill is yellow (hence the ''flavirostra'' of the binomial name), and the legs and feet are red, duller when not breeding. The sexes are similar, but the male is slightly larger. Most males, but only 10% of females, ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Crake
The little crake (''Zapornia parva'') is a very small waterbird of the family Rallidae. ''parva'' is Latin for "small". Its breeding habitat is reed beds in Europe, mainly in the east, and just into western Asia. This species is migratory, wintering in Africa. At in length, they are slightly smaller than the spotted crake, from which they are readily distinguished by the lack of dark barring and white spots on the flanks. The little crake has a short straight bill, yellow with a red base. They have green legs with long toes, and a short tail which is barred black and white underneath. Unlike other '' Porzana'' crakes, this species has strong sexual dimorphism: Adult males have mainly brown upperparts and blue-grey face and underparts. They resemble the sympatric Baillon's crake (''P. pusilla''), which has strongly barred flanks and is a little smaller. Females have buff underparts, and are grey only on the face; they are more similar to the yellow-breasted crake (''P. flaviv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porzana
''Porzana'' is a genus of birds in the crake and rail family, Rallidae. Its scientific name is derived from Venetian terms for small rails. The spotted crake (''P. porzana'') is the type species. Taxonomy The genus ''Porzana'' was erected by the French ornithologist Louis-Pierre Vieillot in 1816 with the spotted crake (''Porzana porzana'') as the type species. The genus unites the typical "crakes" found essentially anywhere in the world except desert and polar regions. It contains 3 living species. In addition, a large number of prehistorically extinct species known only from fossil or subfossil remains have been discovered. The genera '' Coturnicops'', '' Crex'' (including ''Crecopsis'') and ''Laterallus'' have been suggested to be closely related. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses have confirmed the suspicion, raised in the late 20th century in the first cladistic studies of morphology, that the "genus" ''Porzana'' is rather an evolutionary grade, consisting of an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spotless Crake
The spotless crake (''Zapornia tabuensis'') is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae. It is widely distributed species occurring from the Philippines, New Guinea and Australia, across the southern Pacific Ocean to the Marquesas Islands and south to New Zealand. Taxonomy The spotless crake was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's ''Systema Naturae''. He placed it with the other crakes and rails in the genus ''Rallus'' and coined the binomial name ''Rallus tabuensis''. Gmelin's account is taken from that of the "Tabuan rail" that had been described in 1785 by the English ornithologist John Latham in his book ''A General Synopsis of Birds''. Latham's description was probably based on a plate painted by the German naturalist Georg Forster who had accompanied the British explorer James Cook on his second voyage to the Pacific Ocean. The genus name is an anagram of the genus '' Porz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruddy-breasted Crake
The ruddy-breasted crake (''Zapornia fusca''), or ruddy crake, is a waterbird in the rail and crake family Rallidae. Its breeding habitat is swamps and similar wet areas across South Asia from the Indian subcontinent east to south China, Japan and Indonesia. It has been recorded as a vagrant from the Australian territory of Christmas Island. It is mainly a permanent resident throughout its range, but some northern populations migrate further south in winter. This crake nests in a dry location on the ground in marsh vegetation, laying 6-9 eggs. The ruddy-breasted crake is about 22–23 cm long. The body is flattened laterally to allow easier passage through the reeds or undergrowth. It has long toes and a short tail. Coloring includes a pale brown back and chestnut head and underparts, with white barring on the flanks and undertail. The bill is yellowish, and the eyes, legs, and feet are red. The sexes are similar, but juveniles are dark brown with some white spotting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaiian Rail
The Hawaiian rail (''Zapornia sandwichensis''), Hawaiian spotted rail, or Hawaiian crake is an extinct species of diminutive rail that lived on Big Island of Hawaii. A dark form and a lighter, spotted one are known (see below). Taxonomy Considerable confusion has been created by the existence of two distinct forms. While it cannot be completely excluded that early specimens were collected on another island, only Oahu and Kauai seem possible given the history of the specimens' collection, and only on the latter island is a similar-sized species now known to have once existed. However, the bones from Kauai are in the upper size range of those found of ''sandwichensis'', while the specimens of the lighter form are all of smaller birds. This bird was only the size of a Laysan crake; it may have been the bird named ''iao'' or ''iao'', which would place its extinction at a relatively recent date. Also, there are some bones of a third species, approximately 15% larger than ''P. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henderson Crake
The Henderson crake or red-eyed crake (''Zapornia atra'') is a species of flightless bird in the family Rallidae. It is endemic to Henderson Island in the southeast Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contin .... Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. The population of this species is estimated to be 6,200 mature individuals, roughly equivalent to 9,300 individuals in total. Habitat and ecology The species is found in dense to open forest throughout the island plateau, both in forest dominated by ''Pisonia'' and ''Pisonia''/''Xylosma'', and in ''Timonius'' thicket, also occurring in ''Pandanus''-''Thespesia''-''Argusia'' embayment forests and coconut groves on the beaches. It is omnivorous and appears to be an opportunistic feeder, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tahiti Crake
The Tahiti crake (''Zapornia nigra''), also known as Miller's rail, was a species of bird in the family Rallidae. It was endemic to Tahiti. It was discovered and painted by Georg Forster during the second Cook voyage. John Frederick Miller John Frederick Miller (1759–1796) was an English illustrator, mainly of botanical subjects. Miller was the son of the artist Johann Sebastian Müller (1715 – c. 1790). Miller, along with his brother James, produced paintings from the sketches ... copied Forster's painting and published it with some changes and remarks in his work ''Cimelia Physica'' in 1784. It probably went extinct in about 1800 from introduced predators. References Zapornia Controversial bird taxa Extinct birds of Oceania Birds described in 1784 Taxa named by John Frederick Miller Taxonomy articles created by Polbot † {{Gruiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
