Virtual Globes
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Virtual Globes
A virtual globe is a three-dimensional (3D) software model or representation of Earth or another world. A virtual globe provides the user with the ability to freely move around in the virtual environment by changing the viewing angle and position. Compared to a conventional globe, virtual globes have the additional capability of representing many different views of the surface of Earth. These views may be of geographical features, man-made features such as roads and buildings, or abstract representations of demographic quantities such as population. On November 20, 1997, Microsoft released an offline virtual globe in the form of Encarta Virtual Globe 98, followed by Cosmi's 3D World Atlas in 1999. The first widely publicized online virtual globes were NASA WorldWind (released in mid-2004) and Google Earth (mid-2005). Types Virtual globes may be used for study or navigation (by connecting to a GPS device) and their design varies considerably according to their purpose. Those w ...
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Worldwind
NASA WorldWind is an open-source software, open-source (released under the NASA Open Source Agreement, NOSA license and the Apache 2.0 license) virtual globe. According to the website (https://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/), "WorldWind is an open source virtual globe API. WorldWind allows developers to quickly and easily create interactive visualizations of 3D globe, map and geographical information. Organizations around the world use WorldWind to monitor weather patterns, visualize cities and terrain, track vehicle movement, analyze geospatial data and educate humanity about the Earth." It was first developed by NASA in 2003 for use on personal computers and then further developed in concert with the free software movement, open source community since 2004. As of 2017, a web-based version of WorldWind is available online. An Android (operating system), Android version is also available. The original version relied on .NET Framework, which ran only on Microsoft Windows. The ...
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ArcGIS Server
ArcGIS Server is the core server geographic information system (GIS) software made by Esri. ArcGIS Server is used for creating and managing GIS Web services, applications, and data. ArcGIS Server is typically deployed on-premises within the organization’s service-oriented architecture (SOA) or off-premises in a cloud computing environment. Background ArcGIS Server services supply mapping and GIS capabilities via ArcGIS Online for Esri Web and client applications, such as ArcGIS Desktop, ArcLogistics, the ArcGIS.com Viewer, ArcGIS Explorer, ArcGIS Explorer Online, ArcGIS Viewer for Flex, ArcGIS Mapping for SharePoint, Esri Business Analyst Online (BAO), and applications built with ArcGIS for iOS or BAO for iOS. Numerous third-party applications are licensed to use ArcGIS Server services, as well. ArcGIS Server extensions allow GIS functionality available within a subset of ArcGIS Desktop extensions to be deployed as Web Services. ArcGIS Server extens ...
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MapJack
MapJack is a map feature introduced in 2007 that is similar to Google Street View, but has less coverage than Google Street View. Its current headquarters is in Hong Kong, and is in the beta stages. The site currently provides these types of views of various locations in the United States, Thailand, Sweden and Canada. It was only the second to provide such views of an area outside the United States when Chiang Mai was introduced. Although the domain and URL resolve to the official website, the page requires Adobe_Flash Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich web applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players. Fla ..., which was end-of-life in 2021. In July 2018, Google changed their Google Maps API pricing model, and any website using a license that was previously free would see their website stop working. Both the Flash and th ...
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DigitalGlobe
DigitalGlobe is an American commercial vendor of space imagery and geospatial content, and operator of civilian remote sensing spacecraft. The company went public on the New York Stock Exchange on 14 May 2009, selling 14.7 million shares at US$19.00 each to raise US$279 million in capital. On 5 October 2017, Maxar Technologies completed its acquisition of DigitalGlobe. The company's "WorldView" satellites should not be confused with the unrelated WorldView company (a stratospheric balloon operator). Origins WorldView Imaging Corporation was founded in January 1992 in Oakland, California in anticipation of the 1992 Land Remote Sensing Policy Act (enacted in October 1992) which permitted private companies to enter the satellite imaging business. Its founder was Dr Walter Scott, who was joined by co-founder and CEO Doug Gerull in late 1992. In 1993, the company received the first high resolution commercial remote sensing satellite license issued under the 1992 Act. The company ...
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Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a multimedia Computing platform, software platform used for production of Flash animation, animations, rich web applications, application software, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players. Flash displays text, vector graphics, and raster graphics to provide animations, video games, and applications. It allows streaming of Flash Video, audio and video, and can capture mouse, keyboard, microphone, and camera input. Digital art, Artists may produce Flash graphics and animations using Adobe Animate (formerly known as Adobe Flash Professional). Programmer, Software developers may produce applications and video games using Adobe Flash Builder, FlashDevelop, Flash Catalyst, or any text editor combined with the Apache Flex SDK. End users view Flash content via Adobe Flash Player, Flash Player (for web browsers), Adobe AIR (for desktop or mobile apps), or third-party players such as ...
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EarthBrowser
EarthBrowser was a virtual globe software developed by Lunar software. It was available online as a Flash application or could be installed locally as an AIR application. It focused mainly on visualising geophysical information such as weather, earthquakes, clouds, weather conditions, etc. It showed the earth as satellite images. EarthBrowser was originally developed in 1996 by Matt Giger, a University of Oregon graduate student, under the name Planet Earth. It was one of the first applications to show real-time patterns (including weather, earthquakes, and volcanic activity) on a virtual globe. It was largely superseded by the introduction of Keyhole Markup Language Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is an XML notation for expressing geographic annotation and visualization within two-dimensional maps and three-dimensional Earth browsers. KML was developed for use with Google Earth, which was originally named Ke ..., used by most current virtual globe software. References Virt ...
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Free Software
Free software or libre software is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions. Free software is a matter of liberty, not price; all users are legally free to do what they want with their copies of a free software (including profiting from them) regardless of how much is paid to obtain the program.Selling Free Software
(gnu.org)
Computer programs are deemed "free" if they give end-users (not just the developer) ultimate control over the software and, subsequently, over their devices. The right to study and modify a computer program entails that

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Osnabrück
Osnabrück (; wep, Ossenbrügge; archaic ''Osnaburg'') is a city in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is situated on the river Hase in a valley penned between the Wiehen Hills and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest. With a population of 168,145 Osnabrück is one of the four largest cities in Lower Saxony. The city is the centrepoint of the Osnabrück Land region as well as the District of Osnabrück.Osnabrück: Lebendiges Zentrum im Osnabrücker Land
www.osnabruecker-land.de
The founding of Osnabrück was linked to its positioning on important European trading routes.

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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and performing covert actions. As a principal member of the United States Intelligence Community (IC), the CIA reports to the Director of National Intelligence and is primarily focused on providing intelligence for the President and Cabinet of the United States. President Harry S. Truman had created the Central Intelligence Group under the direction of a Director of Central Intelligence by presidential directive on January 22, 1946, and this group was transformed into the Central Intelligence Agency by implementation of the National Security Act of 1947. Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a ...
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United States Geological Survey
The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization's work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility. The agency was founded on March 3, 1879. The USGS is a bureau of the United States Department of the Interior; it is that department's sole scientific agency. The USGS employs approximately 8,670 people and is headquartered in Reston, Virginia. The USGS also has major offices near Lakewood, Colorado, at the Denver Federal Center, and Menlo Park, California. The current motto of the USGS, in use since August 1997, is "science for a changing world". The agency's previous slogan, adopted on the occasion of its hundredt ...
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Earth3D
Earth3D was developed as part of a diploma thesis of Dominique Andre Gunia at Braunschweig University of Technology to display a virtual globe of the earth. It was developed before Google bought Keyhole, Inc and changed their product into Google Earth. Earth3D downloads its data (satellite imagery and height data) from a server while the user navigates around. The data itself is saved in a Quadtree. It uses data from NASA, USGS, the CIA and the city of Osnabrück. One of the strengths of Earth3D is the capacity of showing meteorological phenomena, like Low-pressure areas, anticyclones, etc. in near-real time.http://www.cuadernalia.net/spip.php?article4255 Earth3D (Visor interactivo 2D, 2.5D y 3D para Andalucía) The original version of Earth3D was developed using Trolltech's QT framework. Later a version built with Java and JOGL was developed.http://www.earth3d.org/ Welcome to Earth3D But the demand for a Java-based version was very little. This may be because NASA's WorldWind ...
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Bhuvan
Bhuvan, (lit: Earth), is an Indian web based utility which allows users to explore a set of map based content prepared by Indian Space Research Organisation. The content which the utility serves is mostly restricted to Indian boundaries and is offered in 4 regional languages. The content includes thematic maps related to disasters, agriculture, water resources, land cover and also processed satellite data of ISRO. Bhuvan is known for its association with various sections of Government of India to enable the use of Geospatial technology. Bhuvan has since its inception enabled Indian government to host public geospatial data as Information layers for visualisation and public consumption. Examples of the types of geospatial layers include Toll Information System for National Highways Authority of India , Islands information System for MHA, Cultural heritage sites for Ministry of culture etc. The information for the platform is obtained from the government of India sources or throug ...
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