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Vanajan Autotehdas
Vanajan Autotehdas Oy (VAT) was a producer of heavy vehicles based in Hämeenlinna, Finland. The company was founded as ''Yhteissisu Oy'' in 1943 by the Finnish government and a number of major Finnish companies with the aim of producing lorries and buses for the Finnish Defence Forces. World War II was over before the company could start series production; it was renamed Vanajan Autotehdas and the marque became Vanaja. Subsequently, the production consisted of outdated lorry models, partly built from military surplus materials. After overcoming initial difficulties, the company modernised its products, became profitable and grew until the mid-1950s. Many major components, including engines, were imported. Diesel engines became widely available in 1955, and in 1959 VAT introduced its most significant innovation, the full load lifting tandem axle mechanism, which improved off-road capability significantly; the system is now used in Sisu vehicles. The company started producing bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osakeyhtiö
''Osakeyhtiö'' (; " stock company"), often abbreviated to Oy (), is the term for a Finnish limited company (e.g., Ltd, LLC, or GmbH). The Swedish-language term is '' aktiebolag'', often abbreviated (in Finland) to Ab. The Swedish abbreviation is sometimes included, as in ''Ab Company Oy'', ''Oy Company Ab'', or ''Company Oy Ab''. The abbreviations have been styled in many ways, such as ''Oy'', ''OY'', ''O.Y.'', or even ''O/Y''. The English form is ''Ltd.'' ''Julkinen osakeyhtiö'' ''Julkinen osakeyhtiö'' (pl. ''julkiset osakeyhtiöt'') means "public stock company" and is abbreviated to oyj (). A ''julkinen osakeyhtiö'' can be listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange. The term's Swedish equivalent is ''Abp'' (''publikt aktiebolag''). An oyj may be called a public limited company or public company in English and may use the abbreviation PLC or the term corporation in the company's English name, for example Remedy Entertainment Plc, Kone Corporation and Nokia Corporation. Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suomen Gummitehdas
Nokian Footwear ( fi, Nokian Jalkineet) is a Finnish manufacturer of rubber boots. It was a part of Nokia (which is today known for its mobile phones) from 1967 to 1990, when it split into its own company. It was acquired by the Finnish company in 2005. History The company's history extends back to 1898, when Eduard Polón and a group of other Finnish businessmen decided to establish the company Suomen Gummitehdas Oy (Finnish Rubber Works Ltd) in Helsinki. After operating for a few years, the factory began to produce rubber galoshes, which competed successfully against Russian imports. After several years of production in Helsinki, the factory was moved to the town of Nokia. Soon after, the company began to use the brand Nokia, communicating Finnishness, and to distinguish itself from the cheaper Russian products. Suomen Gummitehdas was soon manufacturing rubber goods ranging from machine belts to hoses and vehicle tyres. Later Suomen Gummitehdas Oy changed its name to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Walden
Karl Rudolf Walden (1 December 1878 in Helsinki – 25 October 1946) was a Finnish industrialist and a military leader. Education Walden received his military education at the Hamina Cadet School and graduated in 1900. He was dismissed from service in 1902, in connection with conscription strikes. Finnish civil war From 20 February 1918 till 5 March 1918, Walden was chief of Vaasa military district. From then until 6 May 1918, he was chief of headquarters of the rear. He then became chief of security of the occupied areas until 22 May 1918. On 28 November 1918, Walden became minister of war and held this position until 15 August 1919. Walden was then promoted to commander in chief of the Finnish army and the Civil Guard (27 November 1918 - 30 December 1918). Walden and general of the White army Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim developed a close working relationship that continued throughout the inter war period (head of Finnish Red Cross in the 20th century) and during the Winter W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sisu S-22
Sisu S-21 is a lorry first produced by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT), then under names Sisu S-22 and S-22K by Yhteissisu, which, after changing its name Vanajan Autotehdas (VAT), produced it with name Vanaja V-48. The production period was 1943–1955. The two-axle, 4×2-driven lorry has a kerb weight of 3 000 kg and gross weight of 7 000–8 000 kg, depending on version. Sisu S-21 was developed during the Continuation War for the Finnish Defence Forces to be produced in relatively large quantities. Serial production was not run up before the war ended and the company founded for wartime production eventually produced vehicles for state organisations and private companies. Many of the post-war Vanaja-badged units were powered by American military surplus engines. VAT replaced the model by 1951 presented Vanaja VK-series; in the meantime, SAT developed its follower named Sisu K-23. Background Since its foundation, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tor Nessling
Tor Ragnar Nessling MSc ''(diplomi-insinööri)'' (6 September 1901 – 23 November 1971) was a leading Finnish industrialist, entrepreneur and engineer. For nearly four decades he was the general manager of the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT). His contribution to national development was officially recognized by the Finnish President who appointed Nessling as a "Vuorineuvos". Nessling became head of SAT in 1932, soon after the company's foundation. He developed the business in an era when only few believed in the possibility of a Finnish automotive industry, and a decade later had become the company's majority shareholder. Nessling took a patriarchal approach to his leadership of the company, which he built into a producer of trucks, bus chassis, rail vehicles and specialist terminal tractors. Nessling lost his controlling shareholding following a merger in 1968, resigned in 1970 and died the following year. Studies and early career Nessling's pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombing Of Helsinki In World War II
Helsinki, the capital of Finland, was bombed repeatedly during World War II. Between 1939 and 1944, Finland was subjected to a number of bombing campaigns by the Soviet Union. The largest were three raids in February 1944, which have been called The Great Raids Against Helsinki. Helsinki's air defence In the autumn of 1939, Helsinki was protected by the ''1st Anti Aircraft Regiment'' consisting of four heavy anti-aircraft batteries of three to four guns each, one light AA battery and one AA machine gun company. The air defence of Helsinki was significantly strengthened from spring 1943 onwards under the lead of Colonel Pekka Jokipaltio. During the Continuation War, Germany provided two early warning radars and four gun laying radars to Helsinki, further, 18 very effective German heavy 88 mm AA guns were also placed in Helsinki. The new six-gun batteries were grouped at Lauttasaari, Käpylä and in Santahamina. By February 1944 Helsinki was protected by 13 light and heavy A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karis
Karis (; fi, Karjaa ) is a town and former municipality in Finland. On January 1, 2009, it was consolidated with Ekenäs and Pohja to form the new municipality of Raseborg; fi, Raasepori. It is located in the Finnish province of Southern Finland and is part of Uusimaa, one of the regions of Finland. The town had a population of 9,155 (as of 31 December 2008) and covered a land area of . The population density was . The municipality was bilingual, with a majority (59%) being Swedish language speakers and a minority (38%) being Finnish language speakers. Karis railway station is on both the ' line, connecting Helsinki Central railway station and Turku Central railway station; and on the Hanko–Hyvinkää railway where it is the junction station for branch line services to Hanko railway station. By driving along the national road 51 to Helsinki, the minimum distance is about 75 kilometers. Stage magician Simo Aalto came from the town. See also *Ingå * Junkarsborg * Virkk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Continuation War
The Continuation War, also known as the Second Soviet-Finnish War, was a conflict fought by Finland and Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1944, as part of World War II.; sv, fortsättningskriget; german: Fortsetzungskrieg. According to Finnish historian Olli Vehviläinen, the term 'Continuation War' was created at the start of the conflict by the Finnish government, to justify the invasion to the population as a continuation of the defensive Winter War and separate from the German war effort. He titled the chapter addressing the issue in his book as "Finland's War of Retaliation". Vehviläinen asserted that the reality of that claim changed when the Finnish forces crossed the 1939 frontier and started annexation operations. The US Library of Congress catalogue also lists the variants War of Retribution and War of Continuation (see authority control)., group="Note" In Soviet historiography, the war was called the Finnish Front of the Great Patriotic War.. Alter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armoured Personnel Carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world. According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units which travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units which use APCs and infantry units which use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry in such militaries. History The genesis o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patria AMV
The Patria AMV (Armored Modular Vehicle) is an 8×8 multi-role military vehicle produced by the Finnish defence industry company Patria. The main feature of the AMV is its modular design, which allows the incorporation of different turrets, weapons, sensors, or communications systems on the same carriage. Designs exist for different APC vehicles (armoured personnel carrier) and IFV versions (infantry fighting vehicle), communications versions, ambulances and different fire support versions, armed with large caliber mortar and gun systems. The vehicle has a very good level of mine protection and can withstand explosions of up to TNT. The AMV has protection levels up to 30 mm APFSDS frontal arc. Another important feature is the very good mobility (combining speed, agility, and crew comfort) in rough terrain, enabled by the sophisticated but rugged hydropneumatic suspension adjusting each wheel individually. History The AMV stems from an investigation, made by the Finnish Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Defence Forces
The Finnish Defence Forces ( fi, Puolustusvoimat, sv, Försvarsmakten) are the military of Finland. The Finnish Defence Forces consist of the Finnish Army, the Finnish Navy and the Finnish Air Force. In wartime the Finnish Border Guard (which is its own military unit in peacetime) becomes part of the Finnish Defence Forces. Universal male conscription is in place, under which all men serve for 165, 255, or 347 days, from the year they turn 18 until the year they turn 29. Alternative non-military service for men and voluntary service for women is available. Finland is the only non-NATO European Union state bordering Russia. Finland's official policy states that a wartime military strength of 280,000 personnel constitutes a sufficient deterrent. The army consists of a highly mobile field army backed up by local defence units. The army defends the national territory and its military strategy employs the use of the heavily forested terrain and numerous lakes to wear down an aggre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat
Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Oy was a Finnish forest industry company which was created in 1920 and the paper company formed UPM-Kymmene PLC together with Kymmene in 1996. History United Paper Mills Ltd. was created in summer 1920 when Ab Simpele Jämsänkoski Oy and Myllykoski Träsliperi Ab merged. Later Ab Walkiakoski Oy that is located in Valkeakoski was merged with the company. In the management of all the companies the large owner was general Rudolf Walden. General Walden's objective was to form as big as possible and competitive unit of Finland's scattered forest industry. The same objective was striven for by founding Finland's Paperitehdass association (1918–1996) Finnpap and cardboard association Finnboard. Myllykoski Oy separated from United Paper Mills Ltd. Oy 1952. In the 1950s the paper mill of Kaipola was built. The ones which had united extended strongly and drifted into financing difficulties at the end of the 1960s. In 1970 and the 1980s the company aimed abroad a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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