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Typhulaceae
The Typhulaceae are a family of clavarioid fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps are small, simple, and typically club-shaped with a distinct stem. The family originally contained several genera, including ''Macrotyphula'' and ''Ceratellopsis'', but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that only the type genus ''Typhula'' belongs in the Typhulaceae, the other genera being synonyms or belonging to other families. The monotypic genus '' Lutypha'' has not yet been sequenced. See also *List of Agaricales families The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes (division Basidiomycota). It is the largest group of mushroom-forming fungi, and includes more than 400 genera and over 13,000 species. Molecular phylogenetics analyses of ribosomal ... References Agaricales families {{taxonbar , from=Q610810 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhulaceae
The Typhulaceae are a family of clavarioid fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps are small, simple, and typically club-shaped with a distinct stem. The family originally contained several genera, including ''Macrotyphula'' and ''Ceratellopsis'', but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that only the type genus ''Typhula'' belongs in the Typhulaceae, the other genera being synonyms or belonging to other families. The monotypic genus '' Lutypha'' has not yet been sequenced. See also *List of Agaricales families The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes (division Basidiomycota). It is the largest group of mushroom-forming fungi, and includes more than 400 genera and over 13,000 species. Molecular phylogenetics analyses of ribosomal ... References Agaricales families {{taxonbar , from=Q610810 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutypha
''Lutypha'' is a genus of fungi in the family Typhulaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single clavarioid species ''Lutypha sclerotiophila'', found in India. The generic name is an anagram of ''Typhula ''Typhula'' is a genus of clavarioid fungi in the order Agaricales. Species of ''Typhula'' are saprotrophic, mostly decomposing leaves, twigs, and herbaceous material. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are club-shaped or narrowly cylindrical and are ...'', a genus with which it has affinities. References Typhulaceae Fungi of Asia Monotypic Agaricales genera {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Agaricales Families
The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes (division Basidiomycota). It is the largest group of mushroom-forming fungi, and includes more than 400 genera and over 13,000 species. Molecular phylogenetics analyses of ribosomal DNA sequences has led to advances in our understanding of the Agaricales, and substantially revised previous assessments of families and genera. The following families are in the Agaricales, according to the 10th edition of the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (2008)Kirk ''et al''. (2008), p. 12. with some additions. Families See also *List of Agaricales genera Notes References Literature cited * * * * * * * {{cite book , author=Quélet L. , title=Flore mycologique de la France et des pays limitrophes , year=1888 , publisher=O.Doin , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GJg_AAAAYAAJ , language=fr * Agaricales families Agaricales The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricales
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom. History, classification and phylogeny In his three volumes of '' Systema Mycologicum'' published between 1821 and 1832, Elias Fries put almost all of the fleshy, gill-forming mushrooms in the genus ''Agaricus''. He organized the large genus into "tribes", the names of many of which still exist as common genera of today. Fries later elevated several of these tribes to generic level, but later authors—including Gillet, Karsten, Kummer, Quélet, and Staude—made most of the changes. Fries based his classification on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhula
''Typhula'' is a genus of clavarioid fungi in the order Agaricales. Species of ''Typhula'' are saprotrophic, mostly decomposing leaves, twigs, and herbaceous material. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are club-shaped or narrowly cylindrical and are simple (not branched), often arising from sclerotia. A few species are facultative plant pathogens, causing a number of commercially important crop and turfgrass diseases. Taxonomy The genus was first introduced as a section of ''Clavaria'' by South African-born mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1801. He differentiated ''Typhula'' from ''Clavaria'' on the basis of fruitbody shape (''Typhula'' having a distinct head and stem). The name was taken up at generic level by Elias Magnus Fries in 1818. Fries described four species in the genus. Subsequent authors described another 150 or so species in ''Typhula''. The genus was revised in 1950 by E. J. H. Corner, who characterized ''Typhula'' species as having fruit bodies arising fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratellopsis
''Ceratellopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) grow gregariously on fallen wood, bark, and decaying plant material and are clavarioid, simple, small (under 2 mm tall), with an acute apex. Only two species are currently recognized; other species formerly placed in ''Ceratellopsis'' have been transferred to other genera or are nomina dubia In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a s .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5063722 Clavariaceae Agaricomycetes genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal family-group taxon is a nominal genus called the 'type genus'; the family-group name is based upon that of the type genus." Any family-group name must have a type genus (and any genus-group name must have a type species, but any species-group name may, but need not, have one or more type specimens). The type genus for a family-group name is also the genus that provided the stem to which was added the ending -idae (for families). :Example: The family name Formicidae has as its type genus the genus ''Formica'' Linnaeus, 1758. Botanical nomenclature In botanical nomenclature, the phrase "type genus" is used, unofficially, as a term of convenience. In the '' ICN'' this phrase has no status. The code uses type specimens for ranks up to fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNA Sequences
A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. By convention, sequences are usually presented from the 5' end to the 3' end. For DNA, the sense strand is used. Because nucleic acids are normally linear (unbranched) polymers, specifying the sequence is equivalent to defining the covalent structure of the entire molecule. For this reason, the nucleic acid sequence is also termed the primary structure. The sequence has capacity to represent information. Biological deoxyribonucleic acid represents the information which directs the functions of an organism. Nucleic acids also have a secondary structure and tertiary structure. Primary structure is sometimes mistakenly referred to as ''primary sequence''. Conversely, there is no parallel concept of secondary or tertiary sequence. Nucleotides Nucleic acids consis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladistic
Cladistics (; ) is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups (" clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The evidence for hypothesized relationships is typically shared derived characteristics ( synapomorphies'')'' that are not present in more distant groups and ancestors. However, from an empirical perspective, common ancestors are inferences based on a cladistic hypothesis of relationships of taxa whose character states can be observed. Theoretically, a last common ancestor and all its descendants constitute a (minimal) clade. Importantly, all descendants stay in their overarching ancestral clade. For example, if the terms ''worms'' or ''fishes'' were used within a ''strict'' cladistic framework, these terms would include humans. Many of these terms are normally used paraphyletically, outside of cladistics, e.g. as a 'grade', which are fruitless to precisely delineate, especially when including extinct species. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. History The theoretical frame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Jülich
Walter may refer to: People * Walter (name), both a surname and a given name * Little Walter, American blues harmonica player Marion Walter Jacobs (1930–1968) * Gunther (wrestler), Austrian professional wrestler and trainer Walter Hahn (born 1987), who previously wrestled as "Walter" * Walter, standard author abbreviation for Thomas Walter (botanist) ( – 1789) Companies * American Chocolate, later called Walter, an American automobile manufactured from 1902 to 1906 * Walter Energy, a metallurgical coal producer for the global steel industry * Walter Aircraft Engines, Czech manufacturer of aero-engines Films and television * ''Walter'' (1982 film), a British television drama film * Walter Vetrivel, a 1993 Tamil crime drama film * ''Walter'' (2014 film), a British television crime drama * ''Walter'' (2015 film), an American comedy-drama film * ''Walter'' (2020 film), an Indian crime drama film * ''W*A*L*T*E*R'', a 1984 pilot for a spin-off of the TV series ''M*A*S*H'' * ''W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrotyphula
''Macrotyphula'' is a genus of clavarioid fungi in the family Phyllotopsidaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are simple, narrowly club-shaped to filiform, sometimes arising from a sclerotium. They typically grow on dead wood or leaf litter, often in swarms. Taxonomy The genus was described in 1972 by American mycologist Ronald H. Petersen for '' M. fistulosa'' which he considered morphologically distinct from species in the genus '' Clavariadelphus'' where it had previously been referred. Additional species have subsequently been referred to ''Macrotyphula''. Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, indicates that the genus is monophyletic and forms a natural group. The genus ''Sclerotium'' ''Sclerotium'' was introduced by the German mycologist and theologian Heinrich Julius Tode in 1790 to accommodate fungal sclerotia (propagules composed of thick-walled hyphae). Over 400 species were subsequently added to this form genus, comprising sclerotia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
