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Turdidae
The thrushes are a passerine bird family, Turdidae, with a worldwide distribution. The family was once much larger before biologists reclassified the former subfamily Saxicolinae, which includes the chats and European robins, as Old World flycatchers. Thrushes are small to medium-sized ground living birds that feed on insects, other invertebrates and fruit. Some unrelated species around the world have been named after thrushes due to their similarity to birds in this family. Characteristics Thrushes are plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized birds, inhabiting wooded areas, and often feeding on the ground. The smallest thrush may be the forest rock thrush, at and . However, the shortwings, which have ambiguous alliances with both thrushes and Old World flycatchers, can be even smaller. The lesser shortwing averages . The largest thrush is the Great thrush at and , though the commonly recognized Blue whistling-thrush is an Old world flycatcher. The Amami thrush might, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myadestinae
Myadestinae (the turdid solitaires) are a subfamily of passerine birds in the family Thrush (bird), Turdidae. Members of this group have been noted by ornithologists to be rather unusual in that they lack the typical diagnostic traits seen in the "true" thrushes of the sister subfamily Turdinae. Examples of including the lack Syrinx (bird anatomy), syringeal morphology seen in turdines and the feeding ecology of myadestines being similar to those of Old World flycatchers. A 2005 molecular study from Klicka et al. found support in a basal clade consisting of the genera ''Bluebird, Sialia'', ''Neocossyphus'', ''Stizorhina'', and ''Myadestes'' to be sister to the rest of the thrushes. The divergence between myadestines and turdines occurred 11 million years ago in the Serravallian. References Turdidae, * Thrushes, Bird subfamilies {{Turdidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old World Flycatcher
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, Bluethroat (''Luscinia svecica)'' and Northern Wheatear (''Oenanthe oenanthe''), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. The family includes 344 species and is divided into 51 genera. Taxonomy The name Muscicapa for the family was introduced by the Scottish naturalist John Fleming in 1822. The word had earlier been used for the genus ''Muscicapa'' by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. Muscicapa comes from the Latin ''musca'' meaning a fly and '' capere'' to catch. In 1910 the German ornithologist Ernst Hartert found it impossible to define boundaries between the three families Muscicapidae, Sylviidae (Old World warblers) and Turdidae (thrushes). He therefore treat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groundscraper Thrush
The groundscraper thrush (''Turdus litsitsirupa'') is a passerine bird of southern and eastern Africa belonging to the thrush family, Turdidae. It was previously considered the only member of the genus ''Psophocichla'', but phylogenetic analysis supports it belonging in the genus ''Turdus'', of which it is the most basal species. It is long with an erect posture, short tail, heavy bill and fairly long legs. The upperparts are plain grey-brown with a chestnut wing-panel. The underparts are white with black spots and the face is white with bold black markings. The underwing has a black and white pattern which is visible during the undulating flight. The bird has a slow whistled song and a clicking call. There are four subspecies: ''T. l. litsitsirupa'' is the most southerly form, occurring from Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique south to northern and eastern parts of South Africa. ''T. l. pauciguttata'' is found in southern Angola, northern Namibia and north-west Bots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shortwing (bird)
The shortwings are colourful medium-sized mostly insectivorous birds in the genus ''Brachypteryx'' of the thrush family Turdidae, although some taxonomists place them in the Old World Flycatcher family Muscicapidae. They show strong sexual plumage dimorphism. All are southeast Asian species. Most shortwings are place in the genus ''Brachypteryx''. * Rusty-bellied shortwing, ''Brachypteryx hyperythra'' * Lesser shortwing, ''Brachypteryx leucophrys'' * White-browed shortwing The Javan shortwing (''Brachypteryx montana'') (formerly the white-browed shortwing) is a species of bird that is placed in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the island of Java where it favours montane forests. Taxo ..., ''Brachypteryx montana'' Three other species, formerly placed in Brachypteryx, are now in two other genera. * Great shortwing, ''Heinrichia calligyna'' * Nilgiri blue robin (also known at Nilgiri shortwing), ''Myiomela major'' * Gould's shortwing, ''Hetero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turdinae
Turdinae (the turdine thrushes) are a subfamily of passerine birds in the family Turdidae. They are the sister clade to the subfamily Myadestinae. The divergence between myadestines and turdines occurred 11 million years ago in the Serravallian. Within the turdines they can split into three subgroups: '' Zoothera'' occupying a basal position, the second consisting of forest thrush genera ('' Ixoreus'', '' Ridgwayia'', ''Cichlopsis'', ''Entomodestes'', '' Hylocichla'', and ''Catharus'') and the remaining group closer to ''Turdus'' ('' Chlamydochaera'', ''Cochoa'', ''Geokichla The ''Geokichla'' thrushes are medium-sized mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the thrush family, Turdidae. They were traditionally listed in the '' Zoothera'', but studies suggested their placement in another genus. The genus name ...'', and ''Turdus''). References {{taxonbar, from=Q23908018 * Bird subfamilies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passerine
A passerine () is any bird of the order Passeriformes (; from Latin 'sparrow' and '-shaped'), which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds, passerines are distinguished from other orders of birds by the arrangement of their toes (three pointing forward and one back), which facilitates perching. With more than 140 families and some 6,500 identified species, Passeriformes is the largest clade of birds and among the most diverse clades of terrestrial vertebrates, representing 60% of birds.Ericson, P.G.P. et al. (2003Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds ''J. Avian Biol'', 34:3–15.Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015"A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World" ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 88:1–15. Passerines are divided into three clades: Acanthisitti (New Zealand wrens), Tyranni (suboscines), and Passeri (oscines or songbirds). The passeri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bluebird
The bluebirds are a North American group of medium-sized, mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the order of Passerines in the genus ''Sialia'' of the thrush family (Turdidae). Bluebirds are one of the few thrush genera in the Americas. Bluebirds have blue, or blue and rose beige, plumage. Female birds are less brightly colored than males, although color patterns are similar and there is no noticeable difference in size. Taxonomy and species The genus ''Sialia'' was introduced by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1827 with the eastern bluebird (''Sialia sialis'') as the type species. A molecular phylogenetic study using mitochondrial sequences published in 2005 found that ''Sialia'', ''Myadestes'' (solitaires) and ''Neocossyphus'' (African ant-thrushes) formed a basal clade in the family Turdidae. Within ''Sialia'' the mountain bluebird was sister to the eastern bluebird. The genus contains three species: Behavior Bluebirds are territorial and prefe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amami Thrush
The Amami thrush (''Zoothera major'') is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. It is endemic to the islands of Amami Ōshima and Kakeroma island in the northern Nansei Islands of Japan. Description This large, heavily patterned thrush is similar in appearance to the scaly thrush, to which was considered a subspecies. It has warm olive-brown to buff upperparts and whitish underparts with heavy black scaling. It has twelve tail feathers. The scaly thrush is smaller and has fourteen tail feathers. It has a cheerful song similar to the Siberian thrush. The Amami thrush ranges in length from and weighs approximately . Among standard measurements, the wing chord is , the bill is and the tarsus is .Peter Clement (2001) ''Thrushes''. Princeton University Press. Behaviour and ecology Its breeding habitat is mature subtropical broadleaved evergreen forest around humid valleys. Its diet includes invertebrates and fruit. It breeds in May and June, laying 3-4 egg An egg is an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Thrush
The great thrush (''Turdus fuscater'') is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. It is considered as the largest thrush in South America. The great thrush's size distinguishes it from the several other uniform slaty-colored thrushes in its range. It inhabits subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and high-altitude shrubland, but can also make use of degraded forest and urban areas. Subspecies Seven subspecies are recognized: * ''T. f. fuscater'' (d´Orbigny, Lafresnaye, 1837). The nominate subspecies can be found in west Bolivia. * ''T. f. cacozelus'' (Bangs, 1898). It can be found in the Santa Marta mountain range in Colombia. * ''T. f. clarus'' (Phelps, Phelps, 1953). Inhabits the frontier between Venezuela and Colombia, in the Sierra del Perijá. * ''T. f. quindio'' (Chapman, 1925). This subspecies is found in south Colombia and the north of Ecuador. * ''T. f. gigas'' (Fraser, 1841). It is native to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nightingale
The common nightingale, rufous nightingale or simply nightingale (''Luscinia megarhynchos''), is a small passerine bird best known for its powerful and beautiful song. It was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher, Muscicapidae. It belongs to a group of more terrestrial species, often called chats. Etymology "Nightingale" is derived from "night" and the Old English ''galan'', "to sing". The genus name ''Luscinia'' is Latin for "nightingale" and ''megarhynchos'' is from Ancient Greek ''megas'', "great" and ''rhunkhos'' "bill". Subspecies *western nightingale (''L. m. megarhynchos'') - Western Europe, North Africa and Asia Minor, wintering in tropical Africa *Caucasian nightingale (''L. m. africana'') - The Caucasus and eastern Turkey to southwestern Iran and Iraq, wintering in East Africa *eastern nightingale (''L. m. golzii'') - The Aral Sea to Mongolia, wintering in coastal East Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest Rock Thrush
The forest rock thrush (''Monticola sharpei'') is a songbird in the family Muscicapidae, formerly placed in the Turdidae together with the other chats. It now includes Benson's rock thrush and Amber Mountain rock thrush as subspecies. It is endemic to Madagascar. The type locality is the forests east of Ambatondrazaka, which in turn lies south of Lake Alaotra. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial .... Gallery Amber mountain rock thrush (Monticola sharpei erythronotus) male 2.jpg, male Amber mountain rock thrush''M. s. erythronotus'' Amber mountain rock thrush (Monticola sharpei erythronotus) female.jpg, female Amber mountain rock thrush ''M. s. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser Shortwing
The lesser shortwing (''Brachypteryx leucophris'') is a species of chat. This species is now classified in the family Muscicapidae. It is found in south-eastern Asia, Sumatra, Java and the Lesser Sundas. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial ...s. References lesser shortwing Birds of Eastern Himalaya Birds of South China Birds of Southeast Asia lesser shortwing Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Muscicapidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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