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Triphenylethylenes
Triphenylethylene (TPE) is a simple aromatic hydrocarbon that possesses weak estrogenic activity. Its estrogenic effects were discovered in 1937. TPE was derived from structural modification of the more potent estrogen diethylstilbestrol, which is a member of the stilbestrol group of nonsteroidal estrogens. TPE is the parent compound of a group of nonsteroidal estrogen receptor ligand (biochemistry), ligands. It includes the estrogens chlorotrianisene, desmethylchlorotrianisene, estrobin (DBE), M2613, triphenylbromoethylene, triphenylchloroethylene, triphenyliodoethylene, triphenylmethylethylene; the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) afimoxifene, brilanestrant, broparestrol, clomifene, clomifenoxide, droloxifene, endoxifen, etacstil, fispemifene, idoxifene, miproxifene, miproxifene phosphate, nafoxidine, ospemifene, panomifene, and toremifene. The antiestrogen ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25) is also closely related, but is technically not a derivative of TPE and is instead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panomifene
Panomifene (International Nonproprietary Name, INN; developmental codes GYKI 13504 and EGIS 5650) is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group related to tamoxifen that was under development as an antineoplastic agent by Egis Pharmaceuticals and IVAX Drug Research Institute in the 1990s for the treatment of breast cancer, but it was never marketed. It reached Phases of clinical research#Phase II, phase II clinical trials before development was terminated. The drug was described in 1981. References Abandoned drugs Primary alcohols Amines Hormonal antineoplastic drugs Trifluoromethyl compounds Selective estrogen receptor modulators Triphenylethylenes {{antineoplastic-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triphenylbromoethylene
Triphenylbromoethylene (TPBE; brand names Bromylene, Eitriphin, Oestronyl, Prostilban, Tribenorm), also known as bromotriphenylethylene or as phenylstilbene bromide, is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the triphenylethylene group that was marketed in the 1940s similarly to the closely related estrogen triphenylchloroethylene. A di ethoxylated derivative of triphenylbromoethylene, estrobin (DBE), is also an estrogen, but, in contrast, was never marketed. An ethylated derivative of triphenylbromoethylene, broparestrol (BDPE), is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that has been marketed. See also * Chlorotrianisene Chlorotrianisene (CTA), also known as tri-''p''-anisylchloroethylene (TACE) and sold under the brand name Tace among others, is a nonsteroidal estrogen related to diethylstilbestrol (DES) which was previously used in the treatment of menopausal ... * M2613 * Triphenyliodoethylene References Abandoned drugs Organobromides Synthetic es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clomifenoxide
Clomifenoxide (INN), also known as clomifene ''N''-oxide, is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group that is described as an antiestrogen and " gonad stimulant" and was never marketed. It is an active metabolite of clomifene. See also * Afimoxifene * Endoxifen Endoxifen, also known as 4-hydroxy-''N''-desmethyltamoxifen, is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group as well as a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. It is under development for the treatment ... References Human drug metabolites Organochlorides Progonadotropins Selective estrogen receptor modulators Triphenylethylenes Amine oxides {{genito-urinary-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clomifene
Clomifene, also known as clomiphene, is a medication used to treat infertility in women who do not ovulate, including those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Use results in a greater chance of twins. It is taken by mouth once a day, with a course of treatment that usually lasts for five days. Common side effects include pelvic pain and hot flashes. Other side effects can include changes in vision, vomiting, trouble sleeping, ovarian cancer, and seizures. It is not recommended in people with liver disease or abnormal vaginal bleeding of unknown cause or who are pregnant. Clomifene is in the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) family of medication and is a nonsteroidal medication. It works by causing the release of GnRH by the hypothalamus, and subsequently gonadotropin from the anterior pituitary. Clomifene was approved for medical use in the United States in 1967. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, under the category "Ovulation induce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broparestrol
Broparestrol () (brand names Acnestrol, Longestrol; former developmental code name LN-107), also known as α-bromo-α,β-diphenyl-β-p-ethylphenylethylene (BDPE), is a synthetic, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group that has been used in Europe as a dermatological agent and for the treatment of breast cancer. The drug is described as slightly estrogenic and potently antiestrogenic, and inhibits mammary gland development and suppresses prolactin levels in animals. It is structurally related to clomifene and diethylstilbestrol. Broparestrol is a mixture of ''E-'' and ''Z-'' isomers (LN-1643 and LN-2299, respectively), both of which are active and are similarly antiestrogenic but, unlike broparestrol, were never marketed. See also * List of selective estrogen receptor modulators This is a list of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Approved SERMs that have been approved for medical use include anordrin (+mifepristo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brilanestrant
Brilanestrant (INN) (developmental code names GDC-0810, ARN-810, RG-6046, RO-7056118) is a nonsteroidal combined selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that was discovered by Aragon Pharmaceuticals and was under development by Genentech for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Development of brilanestrant was discontinued by Roche in April 2017. It reached phase II clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer prior to the discontinuation of its development. Mechanism of action Similarly to tamoxifen, a SERM, brilanestrant shows some capacity to activate the ER in certain contexts and possesses weak estrogenic activity in the rat uterus, and unlike fulvestrant, which is currently the only SERD to have been marketed, brilanestrant is not a steroid and is orally bioavailable and does not need to be administered by intramuscular injection. Brilanestrant has been fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afimoxifene
Afimoxifene, also known as 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) and by its tentative brand name TamoGel, is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group and an active metabolite of tamoxifen. The drug is under development under the tentative brand name TamoGel as a topical gel for the treatment of hyperplasia of the breast. It has completed a phase II clinical trial for cyclical mastalgia, but further studies are required before afimoxifene can be approved for this indication and marketed. Afimoxifene is a SERM and hence acts as a tissue-selective agonist–antagonist of the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ with mixed estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity depending on the tissue. It is also an agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) with relatively low affinity (100–1,000 nM, relative to 3–6 nM for estradiol). In addition to its estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity, afimoxifene has been found to act as an antagonist of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etacstil
Etacstil (developmental code names GW-5638, DPC974) is an orally active, nonsteroidal, combined selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that was developed for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. It was shown to overcome antiestrogen (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitor, fulvestrant) resistance in breast cancer by altering the shape of the estrogen receptor, thus exhibiting SERD properties. Etacstil is a tamoxifen derivative and one of the first drugs to overcome tamoxifen-resistance. It is the predecessor of GW-7604, of which etacstil is a prodrug (GW-7604 being the 4-hydroxy metabolite of etacstil). This is analogous to the case of tamoxifen being a prodrug of afimoxifene (4-hydroxytamoxifen). Etacstil was developed in the early 1990s by Duke University, Glaxo Wellcome, and later, Dupont. In 2001, Bristol Myers-Squibb (BMS) acquired Dupont, and for non-scientific, corporate reasons, closed the trial and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triphenylmethylethylene
Triphenylmethylethylene, also known as methyltriphenylethylene or as triphenylpropene, is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the triphenylethylene group that is related to triphenylchloroethylene and was never marketed. Along with diethylstilbestrol and triphenylchoroethylene, triphenylmethylethylene was studied in 1944 by Sir Alexander Haddow for the treatment of breast cancer Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, milk rejection, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a re ..., and this is historically notable in that it was the first time that high-dose estrogens were found to be effective in the treatment of breast cancer. However, while diethylstilbestrol and triphenylchloroethylene were found to be significantly effective, triphenylmethylethylene was less effective and showed a favorable response in only 1 of 4 treated case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triphenyliodoethylene
Triphenyliodoethylene (TPIE), also known as iodotriphenylethylene or as phenylstilbene iodide, as well as triphenylvinyl iodide, is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the triphenylethylene group that is related to triphenylchloroethylene and triphenylbromoethylene and was never marketed. See also * Broparestrol * Chlorotrianisene * Estrobin Estrobin, also known as α,α-di(''p''-ethoxyphenyl)-β-phenylbromoethylene and commonly abbreviated as DBE, is a Organic compound#Synthetic compounds, synthetic, nonsteroidal estrogen of the triphenylethylene group that was never marketed. Chlor ... References Abandoned drugs Organoiodides Synthetic estrogens Triphenylethylenes {{genito-urinary-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triphenylchloroethylene
Triphenylchloroethylene (TPCE; brand names Gynosone, Oestrogyl), or triphenylchlorethylene, also known as chlorotriphenylethylene or as phenylstilbene chloride, is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the triphenylethylene group that was marketed in the 1940s for the treatment of menopausal symptoms, vaginal atrophy, lactation suppression, and all other estrogen-indicated conditions. The estrogenic effects of triphenylethylene, the parent compound of triphenylchloroethylene, were discovered in 1937. Triphenylchloroethylene was first reported in 1938 and was found to have 20 to 100 times the estrogenic activity of the relatively weak triphenylethylene, a potentiation of effect that was afforded by its halogen substituent. The drug has a relatively long duration of action when administered via subcutaneous injection but a duration similar to that of diethylstilbestrol or estradiol benzoate when administered orally. Along with diethylstilbestrol and triphenylmethylethylene, triph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M2613
M2613 is a nonsteroidal estrogen derived from triphenylbromoethylene which was studied in the treatment of breast cancer Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, milk rejection, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a r ... in women in the 1940s but was never marketed. See also * Estrobin References Abandoned drugs Hormonal antineoplastic drugs Organobromides Synthetic estrogens Triphenylethylenes {{Genito-urinary-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |