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Traversodontids
Traversodontidae is an extinct family of herbivorous cynodonts. Traversodonts were primarily Gondwanan, with many species known from Africa and South America. Recently, traversodonts have also been found from Europe and eastern North America. Traversodonts first appeared in the Middle Triassic and diversified in the Late Triassic before going extinct at the end of the epoch. The family Traversodontidae was erected by Friedrich von Huene in 1936 for cynodonts first found in São Pedro do Sul in Paleorrota, Brazil. Description Traversodonts are members of Gomphodontia, a group of herbivorous cynognathian cynodonts. As an adaptation toward eating plants, they have wide postcanine teeth behind large canines. These postcanines are closely spaced with their crowns touching each other. Each is usually wider than it is long and is covered in several cusps. Because of their complexity, postcanine teeth are the primary means of identifying and distinguishing different species of tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massetognathinae
Massetognathinae is an extinct subfamily of cynodonts in the family Traversodontidae. It includes four species from the Middle and Late Triassic: ''Massetognathus pascuali'' from Argentina, ''Massetognathus ochagaviae'' and '' Santacruzodon hopsoni'' from southern Brazil, and '' Dadadon isaloi'' from Madagascar. Massetognathines have several distinguishing characteristics, including flattened skulls, small canine teeth, and postcanine teeth with three cusps on their outer edges. Massetgognathinae was defined by Kammerer ''et al.'' (2012) as the clade containing all traversodontids more closely related to ''Massetognathus pascuali'' than to '' Gomphodontosuchus brasiliensis'', and is the sister taxon of the traversodontid subfamily Gomphodontosuchinae, which was defined by Kammerer ''et al.'' (2008) as all traverodontids more closely related to ''G. brasiliensis'' than to ''M. pascuali''. Below is a cladogram from Kammerer ''et al.'' (2012) showing the phylogenetic In biology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanogomphodon
''Nanogomphodon'' is an extinct genus of cynodonts which existed in Germany during the Middle Triassic period. ''Nanogomphodon'' were small herbivorous traversodontid gomphodonts. The type species is ''Nanogomphodon wildi''. They are only known from a few isolated teeth recovered in 2006 from the Erfurt Formation of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The name comes from Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ... for "dwarf peg tooth"; from (, 'dwarf'), (, 'peg' or 'nail'), and (, 'tooth'). References Traversodontids Prehistoric cynodont genera Triassic synapsids of Europe Middle Triassic synapsids Fossils of Germany Fossil taxa described in 2006 {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gomphodontosuchinae
Gomphodontosuchinae is a subfamily of Triassic traversodontid cynodonts. It includes the genera ''Gomphodontosuchus'' (the type genus), ''Exaeretodon'', '' Menadon'', '' Protuberum'', '' Ruberodon'', '' Scalenodontoides'' and '' Siriusgnathus''. Below is a cladogram showing the phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ... relationships of gomphodontosuchines from Kammerer ''et al.'' (2008): References Traversodontids Triassic first appearances Triassic extinctions Prehistoric animal subfamilies Tetrapod subfamilies {{Paleo-Therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctotraversodontinae
Arctotraversodontinae is a subfamily of Late Triassic cynodonts belonging to the family Traversodontidae. Members of the subfamily include '' Arctotraversodon'', '' Boreogomphodon'' and '' Plinthogomphodon'' from North America, and '' Habayia'', ''Maubeugia'', '' Microscalenodon'' and ''Rosieria'' from Europe. Classification The subfamily was erected in 2020 by Hendrickx ''et al.'', who defined it as all traversodontids more closely related to '' Arctotraversodon plemmyridon'' than to ''Massetognathus pascuali ''Massetognathus'' ( ; Greek for "chewing muscle jaw") is an extinct genus of plant-eating traversodontid cynodonts. They lived during the Triassic Period about 235 million years ago, and are known from the Chañares Formation in Argentina and t ...'' or '' Gomphodontosuchus brasiliensis''. In their cladistic analysis, they found Arctotraversodontinae to be the sister taxon of the subfamily Gomphodontosuchinae. Below is a cladogram from that analysis: References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traversodon
''Traversodon'' is an extinct genus of cynodonts. It was a relative of the ancestor to modern mammals. ''Traversodon'' lived in what is now South America. Species ''Traversodon stahleckeri'' was first found by Friedrich von Huene in 1936 in the Geopark of Paleorrota, São Pedro do Sul, Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area .... References Paleobiology DatabaseUNIVERSIDADE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL Traversodontids Prehistoric cynodont genera Late Triassic synapsids of South America Fossil taxa described in 1936 Taxa named by Friedrich von Huene {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luangwa (cynodont)
''Luangwa'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts. The species ''Luangwa drysdalli'' was discovered 1963 in the valley of the Luangwa river in Zambia, Africa. ''Luangwa'' lived in the Triassic period 240 Million years ago. In July 2008, a skull of ''Luangwa sudamericana'' was found in the Brazilian town of Dona Francisca ( Rio Grande do Sul), which is part of the Geopark Paleorrota. The discovery was made by a team of the ULBRA The Lutheran University of Brazil (Portuguese: or ULBRA) is a university which covers several states throughout Brazil. History The university has its roots in the parish school of St. Paul's Lutheran Church of Canoas (CELSP), in Canoas, Rio .... References External links Grupo acha crânio de cinodonte. Gazeta do Sul.' Traversodontids Prehistoric cynodont genera Middle Triassic synapsids of South America Middle Triassic synapsids of Africa Fossil taxa described in 1963 {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theropsodon
''Theropsodon'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Tanzania. Fossils have been found from the Manda Formation. A single holotype skull of the type species ''T. njaliliris'' was named by German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene Friedrich von Huene, born Friedrich Richard von Hoinigen, (March 22, 1875 – April 4, 1969) was a German paleontologist who renamed more dinosaurs in the early 20th century than anyone else in Europe. He also made key contributions about v ... in 1950. References Traversodontids Prehistoric cynodont genera Middle Triassic synapsids of Africa Fossil taxa described in 1950 Taxa named by Friedrich von Huene {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scalenodon
''Scalenodon'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Africa and possibly Russia. The type species ''S. angustifrons'' was named in 1946 and several other species were named in the following years. Most of the species from Africa are now thought to belong to different genera than ''Scalenodon''. History and species The first fossils belonging to ''Scalenodon'' were found in the Manda Formation of Zambia and assigned to '' Trirachodon angustifrons'' in 1946. In 1955, the species was given its own genus, ''Scalenodon''. In 1963, a second species called ''S. drysdalli'' was named from the Ntawere Formation in the Luangwa Valley of Zambia. Later that year ''S. drysdalli'' was placed in its own genus, '' Luangwa''. Three additional species, ''S. attridgei'', ''S. charigi'', and ''S. hirschoni'', were named from the Manda Formation in 1972. In 1973, a Russian species of ''Scalenodon'' was named ''S. boreus''. ''S. boreus'' is known from the southern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pascualgnathus
''Pascualgnathus'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Argentina. Fossils have been found from the Río Seco de la Quebrada Formation of the Puesto Viejo Group. The type species ''P. polanskii'' was named in 1966. Description ''Pascualgnathus'' is a small traversodontid. It has large upper canine teeth and small postcanine teeth. The postcanine teeth of ''Pascualgnathus'' and other traversodontids are wide, allowing them to eat plant material. The upper postcanines of ''Pascualgnathus'' are rectangular. Each has a central ridge and a cusp on the side facing the mouth. There are also two cusps on the side of the tooth facing the lips, with one being larger than the other. The lower postcanines have less of a rectangular shape and have only two cusps. Unlike the upper postcanines, they are longer than they are wide. Classification When ''Pascualgnathus'' was first named in 1966, it was considered a member of the family Diademodontidae more c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandagomphodon
''Mandagomphodon'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic Lifua Member of the Manda Beds of Ruhuhu Valley, Tanzania. The type species ''Mandagomphodon hirschsoni'' was named by Crompton in 1972 as a species referable to '' Scalenodon''. Later studies, including a 2003 phylogenetic analysis of traversodontid relationships, did not find the species of ''Scalenodon'' from the Manda Formation to form a single clade, meaning that many were not referable to the genus. The study suggested that ''S. hirschsoni'' had more in common with other traversodontids like '' Luangwa''. ''S. attridgei'' was viewed as a possible synonym of ''S. charigi'', which was also found to be only distantly related to ''S. angustifrons''. Therefore, a new generic name ''Mandagomphodon'' was erected for ''S. hirschsoni'' by James A. Hopson in 2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etjoia
''Etjoia'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts that lived during the Middle Triassic or Late Triassic period in southern Africa. This medium-sized omnivorous cynognathian provides important information on the dental evolution of early diverging gomphodonts and traversodontids. Discovery and etymology ''Etjoia'' was discovered in the upper beds of the Omingonde Formation of Namibia (dated to the Ladinian to Carnian) by American paleontologist Charles Schaff in 1996. The specimen was unearthed on the south-eastern side of the Etjo Mountain, in the Waterberg Basin of the Otjozondjupa region, in central north-west Namibia. The holotype is deposited in the Geological Survey of Namibia of Windhoek with the specimen number GSN F1591. The generic name refers to Mount Etjo from which the new genus was unearthed. The type species, ''E. dentitransitus'', refers to the possession of a transitional dentition with sub-circular upper postcanines and a large number of sectorial te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colbertosaurus
''Colbertosaurus'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Argentina. A single species ''C. muralis'' was named in 1954 from a fragmentary jaw. ''Colbertosaurus'' was originally placed in Ictidosauria, an outdated name for a group of cynodonts that includes tritheledontids. It is the only cynodont known from the Potrerillos Formation and is similar in appearance to ''Pascualgnathus ''Pascualgnathus'' is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Argentina. Fossils have been found from the Río Seco de la Quebrada Formation of the Puesto Viejo Group. The type species ''P. polanskii'' was named ...'' from the Puesto Viejo Formation. The similarity between the two traversodontids has been used to correlate the two formations. References Traversodontids Prehistoric cynodont genera Middle Triassic synapsids of South America Fossil taxa described in 1954 {{Triassic-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
