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Timor–Babar Languages
The Timoric languages are a group of Austronesian languages (belonging to the Central–Eastern subgroup) spoken on the islands of Timor, neighboring Wetar, and (depending on the classification) Southwest Maluku to the east. Within the group, the languages with the most speakers are Uab Meto of West Timor, Indonesia and Tetum of East Timor, each with about half a million speakers, though in addition Tetum is an official language and a lingua franca among non-Tetum East Timorese. Languages Hull (1998) & van Engelenhoven (2009) Geoffrey Hull (1998) proposes a Timoric group as follows: *Timoric **Timoric A ("Extra-Ramelaic", Fabronic; whatever is not Ramelaic) ***West: Dawan (Uab Meto)– Amarasi, Helong, Roti ( Bilba, Dengka, Lole, Ringgou, Dela-Oenale, Termanu, Tii) ***Central: Tetun, Bekais, Habu ***North: Wetar, Galoli ***East East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the dire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lole Language
Lole and Ba'a are a Central Malayo-Polynesian language The Central Malayo-Polynesian languages (CMP) are a proposed branch in the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The languages are spoken in the Lesser Sunda and Maluku Islands of the Banda Sea, in an area corresponding ... of Roti Island, off Timor, Indonesia. References Timor–Babar languages Languages of Indonesia {{Indonesia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midiki Language
Kairui-Midiki (also known simply as Midiki or Kairui, or Hoso by its speakers) is a language of East Timor spoken by 18,600 people in 2015, primarily in Venilale Administrative Post in Baucau, parts of the Viqueque Municipality, and suco Kairui (Manatuto Municipality). Kairui-Midiki is closely related to the Waima'a and Naueti languages. These four varieties' level of mutual intelligibility has led some to categorize them as dialects of a single language: Kawaimina Kawaimina (a syllabic abbreviation of the names) is a cluster of four languages and dialects of East Timor: Kairui, Midiki, Waimaha, and Naueti, spoken by one or two thousand speakers each. It is a name used by linguists discussing the lang ....Geoffrey Hull (2004-08-24). "The Languages of East Timor". Macquarie University. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Kairui and Midiki were listed separately in the Timor-Leste 2010 Census, but are often considered dialects of a single language, in the literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waimoa Language
Waimoa or Waimaa is a language spoken by about 27,000 Waimoa (2015 census) people in northeast East Timor. Waimoa proper is reported to be mutually intelligible with neighboring Kairui and Midiki, which together have about 5,000 speakers. The classification of Waimoa is unclear. Structurally, it is Malayo-Polynesian. However, its vocabulary is largely Papuan, similar to that of Makasae. Although generally classified as Austronesian languages or dialects that have been largely relexified under the influence of a language related to Makasae, it is possible that Waimoa, Kairui, and Midiki are instead Papuan languages related to Makasae which have been influenced by Austronesian. Phonology Waimoa has aspirated/voiceless and glottalized/ejective consonants, which are distributed like and consonant clusters (or perhaps and ) but are often pronounced as single segments.Kirsten Culhane (2021) Waimaa consonants: phonology and typological position in Greater Timor. 15th Inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kairui Language
Kairui-Midiki (also known simply as Midiki or Kairui, or Hoso by its speakers) is a language of East Timor spoken by 18,600 people in 2015, primarily in Venilale Administrative Post in Baucau, parts of the Viqueque Municipality, and suco Kairui (Manatuto Municipality). Kairui-Midiki is closely related to the Waima'a and Naueti languages. These four varieties' level of mutual intelligibility has led some to categorize them as dialects of a single language: Kawaimina Kawaimina (a syllabic abbreviation of the names) is a cluster of four languages and dialects of East Timor: Kairui, Midiki, Waimaha, and Naueti, spoken by one or two thousand speakers each. It is a name used by linguists discussing the lang ....Geoffrey Hull (2004-08-24). "The Languages of East Timor". Macquarie University. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Kairui and Midiki were listed separately in the Timor-Leste 2010 Census, but are often considered dialects of a single language, in the literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kawaimina Languages
Kawaimina (a syllabic abbreviation of the names) is a cluster of four languages and dialects of East Timor: Kairui, Midiki, Waimaha, and Naueti, spoken by one or two thousand speakers each. It is a name used by linguists discussing the languages, not the speakers themselves. The first three are spoken in adjacent areas in the western part of Baucau District, along the north coast. Naueti is used on the south coast of eastern Viqueque District, surrounded by speakers of Makasae and Makalero. Some Midiki speakers near Ossu refer to their language as Osomoko. Classification Geoffrey Hull classifies these as dialects and groups them into a single Kawaimina language, while ''Ethnologue'' groups the varieties into three distinct languages. The Kawaimina languages are members of the eastern Extra-Ramelaic subgroup of Timoric Austronesian languages. While structurally the languages are Malayo-Polynesian, much their vocabulary, particularly that of Naueti, derives from Papu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galoli Language
The Galoli, or Galolen, are a people of East Timor with a population of about 50,000, primarily along the northern coast of the district of Manatuto. To the west lies the Mambai people. There is an old colony on the southern coast of Wetar island, the Talo, who speak the Talur dialect. Their language, also known as Galoli, is one of the Timor–Babar group of Austronesian languages. It is one of the national languages designated by the constitution of East Timor. Because the area was used as a trading center for different cultures, there are many foreign loan words in the vocabulary, principally from Moluccan and Malay languages. Although it is not spoken by as many people as other national languages, it was adopted by the Roman Catholic Church in the district of Manatuto Manatuto is a city in Manatuto Municipality, East Timor. Manatuto Vila has 3,692 inhabitants (Census 2015) and is capital of the subdistrict and district Manatuto. It is on the north coast of Timor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wetar Language
Wetarese is an Austronesian language of Wetar, an island in the south Maluku, Indonesia, and of the nearby island Liran. Background The four identified principal varieties of Wetarese on Wetar – Aputai, Iliʼuun, Perai and Tugun – are distinct enough that some may consider them to be different languages. Wetarese is closely related to Galoli (spoken on the north coast of East Timor Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the coastal exclave of Oecusse in the island's northwest, and ... and by an immigrant community on the south coast of Wetar) and to Atauran (spoken on Atauro island). Phonology The following represents the Tugun dialect: Consonants * may also be heard as in free variation. * is mainly heard as in word-final position or in slower speech, it is heard as elsewhere. * only occurs in word-me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habu Language
Habu (Habun) is a language spoken in central East Timor. The classification of Habu is unclear. Structurally, it is Malayo-Polynesian The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast .... However, its vocabulary is largely Papuan, similar to that of Makasae. References Languages of Timor-Leste Timor–Babar languages {{EastTimor-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bekais Language
Welaun (also known as Bekais or Wekais) is an Austronesian language spoken on the border of East Timor and West Timor (a part of Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...). It is closely related to Tetun. Previous studies Welaun was documented by Hull (2003) and Edwards (2019). Edwards (2019) estimates a speaker population of 5,575.Edwards, Owen (2019). Reintroducing Welaun. ''Oceanic Linguistics'', Volume 58, Number 1, June 2019, pp. 31-58. A dictionary of Welaun has been written by da Silva (2012).da Silva, Eng. Guilherme ‘Puru-Berliku’. 2012. ''Disionáriu Wekais-Tetun''. Dili: Secretaria de Estado da Cultura. Phonology It has five vowels: References Timor–Babar languages Languages of Timor-Leste Languages of Indonesia Maluku Islands [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetun Language
Tetum may refer to: * Tetum language, an Austronesian language ** Tetum alphabet, used to write the Tetum language * Tetum people The Tetum, also known as Tetun or Belu in Indonesia, are an ethnic group that are the indigenous inhabitants of the island of Timor. This ethnic group inhabits the Belu Regency in Indonesia and most of East Timor. Their language is called Tetum l ..., an ethnic group of East Timor and Indonesia {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tii Language
Tii is a Central Malayo-Polynesian language The Central Malayo-Polynesian languages (CMP) are a proposed branch in the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The languages are spoken in the Lesser Sunda and Maluku Islands of the Banda Sea, in an area corresponding ... of Roti Island, off Timor, Indonesia. References Timor–Babar languages Languages of Indonesia {{Indonesia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
