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Texas Navy
The Texas Navy, officially the Navy of the Republic of Texas, also known as the Second Texas Navy, was the naval warfare branch of the Texas Military Forces during the Republic of Texas. It descended from the Texian Navy, which was established in November 1835 to fight for independence from Centralist Republic of Mexico in the Texas Revolution. The Texas Navy, Texas Army, and Texas Militia were officially established on September 5, 1836 in Article II of the Constitution of the Republic of Texas. The Texas Navy and Texas Army were merged with the United States Armed Forces on February 19, 1846 after the Republic of Texas became the 28th state of the United States. Background The Texas Navy descended from the Texian Navy, which was established by the Consultation of the Republic of Texas on 25 November 1835 to aid the fight for independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico in the Texas Revolution. It consisted of four schooners: ''Liberty'', ''Independence'', ''In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Sloop-of-war Austin
The Texan sloop-of-war ''Austin'' was the flagship of the Second Texas Navy from 1840 to 1846. Commanded by Commodore Edwin Ward Moore, she led a flotilla in the capture of Villahermosa in 1840. After a period of inaction in port, ''Austin'' participated in the Naval Battle of Campeche in 1843. ''Austin'' was transferred to the United States Navy when Texas joined the United States in 1845, but was run aground and broken up in 1848. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carrying reinforcements and supplies to its army, and sending their cargoes to the Texas volunteer army. Nevertheless, Mexico refused to recognize Texas as an independent country. By the middle of 1837 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Brig Potomac
The was a ship of the Second Texas Navy that never sailed as a warship. For a while, in 1838, she was the only ship in the Texas Navy. She was decommissioned in 1843. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carrying reinforcements and supplies to its army, and sending their cargoes to the Texas volunteer army. Nevertheless, Mexico refused to recognize Texas as an independent country. By the middle of 1837, all of the ships had been lost at sea, run aground, captured, or sold. With no ships to impede a possible invasion by Mexico, Texas was vulnerable to attack. In 1838, President Mirabeau B. Lamar responded to this threat by forming a second Texas Navy. Unlike Sam Hous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Brig Wharton
The Texan brig ''Wharton'' was a two-masted brig of the Second Texas Navy from 1839-1846. She was the sister ship of the ''Archer''. Accompanying the Texas flagship, ''Austin'', she defeated a larger force of Mexican Navy steamships in the Naval Battle of Campeche in May 1843. Transferred to the United States Navy in 1846, she was sold for $55. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carrying reinforcements and supplies to its army, and sending their cargoes to the Texas volunteer army. Nevertheless, Mexico refused to recognize Texas as an independent country. By the middle of 1837, all of the ships had been lost at sea, run aground, captured, or sold. With no ships t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Schooner San Bernard
The Texan schooner ''San Bernard'' was a two-masted schooner of the Second Texas Navy from 1839-1840. She was the sister ship of the ''San Jacinto'' and the ''San Antonio''. In 1840, ''San Antonio'' was part of the Texas Navy flotilla led by Commodore Edwin Ward Moore which was dispatched to assist Yucatecan rebels that had taken up arms against Mexico. Returning to the Yucatan in 1841, ''San Bernard'' assisted in the capture of three Mexican prizes. Upon return to Galveston, ''San Bernard'' was driven ashore and was not repaired. When Texas joined the United States in 1846, ''San Bernard'' was transferred to the United States Navy and then sold for $150. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Schooner San Antonio
The Texan schooner ''San Antonio'' was a two-masted schooner of the Second Texas Navy from 1839-1840. She was the sister ship of the ''San Jacinto'' and the ''San Bernard''. In 1840, ''San Antonio'' was part of the Texas Navy flotilla led by Commodore Edwin Ward Moore which was dispatched to assist Yucatecan rebels that had taken up arms against Mexico. In February 1842, while re-provisioning in New Orleans, the crew of the ''San Antonio'' mutinied and the Lieutenant was killed. This was the only mutiny in the history of the Texas Navy. That fall, the ''San Antonio'' sailed for Campeche and was never heard from again. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carryin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Schooner San Jacinto
The Texan schooner ''San Jacinto'' was a two-masted schooner of the Second Texas Navy from 1839 to 1840. She was the sister ship of the ''San Antonio'' and the ''San Bernard''. In 1840, ''San Jacinto'' was part of the Texas Navy flotilla led by Commodore Edwin Ward Moore which was dispatched to assist Yucatecan rebels that had taken up arms against Mexico. In a storm, ''San Jacinto'' ran aground at Cayos Arcas and was wrecked. The crew were rescued by the flagship ''Austin''. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: ''Invincible'', ''Brutus'', ''Independence'', and ''Liberty''. These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carrying reinforcements and supplies to its army, and sending their cargoes to the Texas volunteer army. Nevertheless, Mexico refused to recognize Tex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texan Schooner Zavala
The Texan steamship ''Zavala'' was a Texas Navy ship in Texas' second Navy after the Texas Revolution. She was the first steamship-of-war in the Texas Navy. Background of the Texas Navy The Texas Navy was officially formed in January 1836, with the purchase of four schooners: , , , and . These ships, under the command of Commodore Charles Hawkins, helped Texas win independence by preventing a Mexican blockade of the Texas coast, seizing Mexican ships carrying reinforcements and supplies to its army, and sending their cargoes to the Texas volunteer army. Nevertheless, Mexico refused to recognize Texas as an independent country. By the middle of 1837, all of the ships had been lost at sea, run aground, captured, or sold. With no ships to impede a possible invasion by Mexico, Texas was vulnerable to attack. In 1838, President Mirabeau B. Lamar responded to this threat by forming a second Texas Navy. Unlike Sam Houston, Lamar was an ardent supporter of the Texas Navy and saw the urg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Warfare
Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving a major body of water such as a large lake or wide river. Mankind has fought battles on the sea for more than 3,000 years. Even in the interior of large landmasses, transportation before the advent of extensive railroads was largely dependent upon rivers, canals, and other navigable waterways. The latter were crucial in the development of the modern world in Britain, the Low Countries and northern Germany, for they enabled the bulk movement of goods and raw materials without which the Industrial Revolution would not have occurred. Before 1800, war materials were largely moved by river barges or sea vessels and needed a naval defence against enemies. History Mankind has fought battles on the sea for more than 3,000 years. Even in the interior of large landmasses, transportation before the advent of extensive railways was largely dependent upon rivers, canals, and other navigable waterways. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Texas
The Republic of Texas ( es, República de Tejas) was a sovereign state in North America that existed from March 2, 1836, to February 19, 1846, that bordered Mexico, the Republic of the Rio Grande in 1840 (another breakaway republic from Mexico), and the United States of America, although Mexico considered it a rebellious province during its entire existence despite the Treaties of Velasco of May 1836. It was bordered by Mexico to the west and southwest, the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast, the two U.S. states of Louisiana and Arkansas to the east and northeast, and Territories of the United States, United States territories encompassing parts of the current U.S. states of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, and New Mexico to the north and west. The Anglo residents of the area and of the republic became known as Texians. The region of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas, now commonly referred to as Mexican Texas, declared its independence from Mexico during the Texas Revo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwin Ward Moore
Edwin Ward Moore (July 15, 1810 – October 5, 1865), was an American naval officer who also served as commander-in-chief of the Navy of the Republic of Texas. Early life Moore was born in Alexandria, Virginia. His grandfather and uncle had served in the American Revolution. Moore was a classmate of Robert E. Lee's at the Alexandria Academy. Early naval career Moore entered the United States Navy as a midshipman in 1825 at the age of 15. His first assignment came when he was posted to the USS ''Hornet'', followed by stints on the ''Fairchild'' and the ''Delaware''. He saw active service on the Atlantic Coast and the Mediterranean Sea. In 1830, Moore was stationed at the Gosport Navy Yard, and five years later was commissioned a lieutenant and assigned to the sloop-of-war ''Boston'' on July 1, 1836. While serving on the ''Boston'', Moore saved the ship from sinking when it encountered heavy seas in a hurricane. In September 1836, the ''Boston'' captured the Texas priva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texian Navy
The Texian Navy, also known as the Revolutionary Navy and First Texas Navy, was the naval warfare branch of the Texian armed forces during the Texas Revolution. It was established by the Consultation of the Republic of Texas on November 25, 1835. Along with the Texian Army, it helped the Republic of Texas win independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico on May 14, 1836 at the Treaties of Velasco. It was replaced by the Texas Navy on March 23, 1839. History 1835 During the naval campaign of the Texas Revolution, the Texans had three objectives. The first was to defend their coastline from a naval Mexican invasion, and the second was to escort rebel ships back and forth between Texas and the United States, from where the main source of volunteer soldiers and supplies was coming. The third objective was to inflict serious casualties on the Mexicans in the hopes of forcing them to recognize the independence of Texas. Mexican naval forces had the mission of trying to bloc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centralist Republic Of Mexico
The Centralist Republic of Mexico ( es, República Centralista de México), or in the anglophone scholarship, the Central Republic, officially the Mexican Republic ( es, República Mexicana), was a unitary political regime established in Mexico on October 23, 1835, under a new constitution known as the Seven Laws after conservatives repealed the federalist Constitution of 1824 and ended the First Mexican Republic. It would ultimately last until 1846 when the Constitution of 1824 was restored at the beginning of the Mexican American War. Two presidents would predominate throughout this era: Santa Anna, and Anastasio Bustamante. Mexican conservatives attributed the political chaos of the federal era to the empowerment of states over the federal government, the participation of non-elite men in the political system through universal male suffrage, rebellions, and economic stagnation to the weakness of the federal government. Conservative elites saw the solution to the problem as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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