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Sternorrhyncha Genera
The Sternorrhyncha suborder of the Hemiptera contains the aphids, whiteflies, and scale insects, groups which were traditionally included in the now-obsolete order "Homoptera". "Sternorrhyncha" refers to the rearward position of the mouthparts relative to the head. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, many considered pests feeding on major crops and ornamental plants. Many exhibit modified morphology and/or life cycles, including phenomena such as flightless morphs, parthenogenesis, sexual dimorphism, and eusociality. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the extant Sternorrhyncha, inferred from analysis of small subunit (18S) ribosomal RNA, is shown in the cladogram. The evolutionary position of several fossil taxa are unclear. A suggested phylogeny is: Groups Well-known groups in the Sternorrhyncha include: * aphids – (Aphididae) * woolly and gall-making aphids (Eriosomatinae) * pine and spruce aphids (Adelgidae) * phylloxerans (Phylloxeridae, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eusociality
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ ''eu'' "good" and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes referred to as 'castes'. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste. Eusocial colonies can be viewed as superorganisms. Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans, and mammals. It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) and in Blattodea (termites). A colony has caste differences: queens and reproductive males take the roles of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphid Icon
Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea. Common names include greenfly and blackfly, although individuals within a species can vary widely in color. The group includes the fluffy white woolly aphids. A typical life cycle involves flightless females giving live birth to female nymphs—who may also be already pregnant, an adaptation scientists call telescoping generations—without the involvement of males. Maturing rapidly, females breed profusely so that the number of these insects multiplies quickly. Winged females may develop later in the season, allowing the insects to colonize new plants. In temperate regions, a phase of sexual reproduction occurs in the autumn, with the insects often overwintering as eggs. The life cycle of some species involves an alternation between two species of host plants, for example between an annual crop and a woody plant. Some species feed on only one type of plant, while others are generalists, colonizin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphididae
The Aphididae are a very large insect family in the aphid superfamily ( Aphidoidea), of the order Hemiptera. These insects suck the sap from plant leaves. Several thousand species are placed in this family, many of which are considered plant/crop pests. They are the family of insects containing most plant virus vectors (around 200 known) with the green peach aphid (''Myzus persicae'') being one of the most prevalent and indiscriminate carriers. Evolution Aphids originated in the late Cretaceous about (Mya), but the Aphidinae which comprises about half of the 4700 described species and genera of aphids alive today come from their most recent radiation which occurred in the late Tertiary less than 10 Mya.Von Dohlen CD, Moran NA (2000) Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation. Biol J Linnean Soc 71: 689–717Von Dohlen CD, Rowe CA, Heie OE (2006) A test of morphological hypotheses for tribal and subtribal relatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daktulosphaira Vitifoliae From CSIRO
Grape phylloxera is an insect pest of commercial grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America. Grape phylloxera (''Daktulosphaira vitifoliae'' (Fitch 1855) belong to the family Phylloxeridae, within the order Hemiptera, bugs); originally described in France as ''Phylloxera vastatrix''; equated to the previously described ''Daktulosphaera vitifoliae'', ''Phylloxera vitifoliae''. The insect is commonly just called phylloxera (; from grc, φύλλον, leaf, and , dry). These almost microscopic, pale yellow sap-sucking insects, related to aphids, feed on the roots and leaves of grapevines (depending on the phylloxera genetic strain). On ''Vitis vinifera'', the resulting deformations on roots ("nodosities" and "tuberosities") and secondary fungal infections can girdle roots, gradually cutting off the flow of nutrients and water to the vine.Wine & Spirits Education Trust ''"Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality"'' pgs 2-5, Second Revised Edition (2012), Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphidomorpha
Aphidomorpha is an infraorder within the insect order Sternorrhyncha which includes the aphids and their allies in the superfamilies Adelgoidea, Phylloxeroidea The PhylloxeroideaHerrich-Schaeffer (1854) In Koch. ''Vorwort des Herausgebers. Die Pflanzenläuse Aphiden getreu nach dem Leben abgebildet und beschrieben, Verlag von J. L. Lotzbeck, Nürnberg'' 1:III-VIII is a small superfamily of the Hemiptera ... and Aphidoidea. This group also includes numerous fossil taxa of uncertain placement, such as these other superfamilies Triassoaphidoidea , Genaphidoidea, Palaeoaphidoidea, and Tajmyraphidoidea. The treatment of the members in the group varies and the following variant treatments of the extant families can be found in literature. References External links Aphid species file Sternorrhyncha {{Sternorrhyncha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HEMI Margarodidae Coelostomidia Wairoensis M
Hemi may refer to: People Surname * Jack Hemi (1914–1996), New Zealand freezing worker, rugby union and league player, shearer * Ronald Hemi (1933–2000), New Zealand rugby union player Given name * Hemi Bawa, Indian painter and sculptor * Hemi Baxter, also known as James K. Baxter * Hemi Doron (born 1956), Israeli politician * Hemi Pititi Huata (1867–1954), New Zealand tribal leader and Anglican clergyman * Hemi Pomara (born 1830), Māori chief * Hemi Potatau (1904–1994), New Zealand Presbyterian minister, soldier, writer * Hemi Taylor (born 1963), Wales rugby union player * Hemi Topine Te Mamaku ( 1790–1887), Māori chief Places * Hemi Station, Japan Vehicles * Hemispherical combustion chamber ** Donovan hemi, an engine of this type ** Chrysler Hemi engine, an engine of this type ** Dodge Super 8 Hemi, a car with the Chrysler Hemi engine Other * hemi, prefix meaning "half" * Hemi group, involved in Illinois v. Hemi Group LLC ''Illinois v. Hemi Group, LLC'', 62 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neomaskellia Bergii From CSIRO
Aleyrodidae is a large hemipteran family comprising the whiteflies. It contains the following species: Aleyrodinae Westwood, 1840 *'' Acanthaleyrodes'' Takahashi, 1931 :*'' Acanthaleyrodes callicarpae'' Takahashi, 1931 :*'' Acanthaleyrodes styraci'' Takahashi, 1942 *'' Acanthobemisia'' Takahashi, 1935 :*''Acanthobemisia distylii'' Takahashi, 1935 :*'' Acanthobemisia indicus'' Meganathan & David, 1994 *'' Acaudaleyrodes'' Takahashi, 1951 :*'' Acaudaleyrodes africanus'' Dozier, 1934 :*'' Acaudaleyrodes ebeni'' Manzari & Alemansoor, 2005 :*'' Acaudaleyrodes pauliani'' Takahashi, 1951 :*'' Acaudaleyrodes rachipora'' Singh, 1931 :*''Acaudaleyrodes tuberculata'' Bink-Moenen, 1983 *''Acutaleyrodes'' Takahashi, 1960 :*'' Acutaleyrodes palmae'' Takahashi, 1960 *'' Africaleurodes'' Dozier, 1934 :*''Africaleurodes adami'' Cohic, 1968 :*''Africaleurodes ananthakrishnani'' Dubey & Sundararaj, 2006 :*''Africaleurodes balachowskyi'' Cohic, 1968 :*''Africaleurodes capgrasi'' Cohic, 1968 :*''Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
