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Spounavirinae
''Spounavirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Herelleviridae ''Herelleviridae'' is a family of bacterial viruses of the order ''Caudovirales'' infecting members of the phylum Firmicutes. The family has five subfamilies, 33 genera and 92 species. __TOC__ Etymology The family's name, ''Herelle'' is in hono ...''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this subfamily, divided among 2 genera. Taxonomy Group: dsDNA Structure Viruses in the subfamily ''Spounavirinae'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Head-tail geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 84-94 nm, with a length of 140-219 in length, contractile with globular structures at its tip, has 6 long terminal fibers, 6 short spikes and a double base platenm. Genomes are circular, around 130-160kb in length. The genome codes for 190 to 230 proteins. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is ach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spounavirinae
''Spounavirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Herelleviridae ''Herelleviridae'' is a family of bacterial viruses of the order ''Caudovirales'' infecting members of the phylum Firmicutes. The family has five subfamilies, 33 genera and 92 species. __TOC__ Etymology The family's name, ''Herelle'' is in hono ...''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this subfamily, divided among 2 genera. Taxonomy Group: dsDNA Structure Viruses in the subfamily ''Spounavirinae'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Head-tail geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 84-94 nm, with a length of 140-219 in length, contractile with globular structures at its tip, has 6 long terminal fibers, 6 short spikes and a double base platenm. Genomes are circular, around 130-160kb in length. The genome codes for 190 to 230 proteins. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is ach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okubovirus
''Okubovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Herelleviridae'', in the subfamily ''Spounavirinae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Taxonomy The following two species are assigned to the genus: * '' Bacillus virus Camphawk'' * ''Bacillus virus SPO1'' Structure Viruses in ''Okubovirus'' are non-enveloped, with head-tail geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 108 nm, with a length of 140 nm. Genomes are linear, around 145kb in length. The genome codes for 200 proteins. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by adsorption into the host cell. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion. Taxonomic history * ''Bacillus phage SP8'' was assigned to the family Myoviridae in 1995. * ''Bacillus phage SPO1'' was assigned to the genus SPO1-like phages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herelleviridae
''Herelleviridae'' is a family of bacterial viruses of the order ''Caudovirales'' infecting members of the phylum Firmicutes. The family has five subfamilies, 33 genera and 92 species. __TOC__ Etymology The family's name, ''Herelle'' is in honor of Félix d'Hérelle, a French-Canadian microbiologist A microbiologist (from Ancient Greek, Greek ) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of Microorganism, microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, f ..., the suffix ''-viridae'' is the standard suffix for virus families.Jakub Barylski ''et al.''Analysis of Spounaviruses as a Case Study for the Overdue Reclassification of Tailed Phages Systematic Biology, Volume 69, Issue 1, January 2020, Pages 110–123, doi:10.1093/sysbio/syz036. epub 25 May 2019 Taxonomy The following subfamilies and genera are assigned to ''Herelleviridae'' (-''virinae'' denotes subfamily and -''virus'' deno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caudovirales
''Caudovirales'' is an order of viruses known as the tailed bacteriophages (''cauda'' is Latin for "tail"). Under the Baltimore classification scheme, the ''Caudovirales'' are group I viruses as they have double stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes, which can be anywhere from 18,000 base pairs to 500,000 base pairs in length. The virus particles have a distinct shape; each virion has an icosahedral head that contains the viral genome, and is attached to a flexible tail by a connector protein. The order encompasses a wide range of viruses, many containing genes of similar nucleotide sequence and function. However, some tailed bacteriophage genomes can vary quite significantly in nucleotide sequence, even among the same genus. Due to their characteristic structure and possession of potentially homologous genes, it is believed these bacteriophages possess a common origin. There are 14 families, 73 subfamilies, 927 genera, and 2,814 species in the order. This makes ''Caudovirales'' the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Virus Camphawk
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum '' Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Virus SPO1
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe bacillus (shape), the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class (biology), class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Virus CP51
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum '' Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Virus JL
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Virus Shanette
''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e., not an offspring). Endospore formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
