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Sindhi Literature
Sindhi literature () is the collection of oral and written literature in the Sindhi language in prose (romantic tales and epic stories) and poetry (''ghazals'' and '' nazm''). The Sindhi language of the province of Sindh in Pakistan is considered one of the oldest languages of ancient India, and influenced the language of Indus Valley inhabitants. Sindhi literature has developed over a thousand years. According to historians Nabi Bux Baloch, Rasool Bux Palijo, and G. M. Syed, Sindhi influenced Hindi in the pre-Islamic era. After the advent of Islam in the eighth century, Arabic and Persian influenced the region's inhabitants and were official languages. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Shah Abdul Karim Bulri, Shaikh Ayaz and Ustad Bukhari are notable Sindhi poets. History Early period (712–1030) Local Hindu rajas had ruled Sindh. In 712, the Arabs conquered the region. They did not speak Sindhi, but Sindhi writers and poets played a role in development of the Sindhi an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oral Literature
Oral literature, orature, or folk literature is a genre of literature that is spoken or sung in contrast to that which is written, though much oral literature has been transcribed. There is no standard definition, as anthropologists have used varying descriptions for oral literature or folk literature. A broad conceptualization refers to it as literature characterized by oral transmission and the absence of any fixed form. It includes the stories, legends, and history passed through generations in a spoken form. Background Pre-literate societies, by definition, have no written literature, but may possess rich and varied oral traditions—such as folk epics, folk narratives (including fairy tales and fables), folk drama, proverbs and folksongs—that effectively constitute an oral literature. Even when these are collected and published by scholars such as folklorists and paremiographers, the result is still often referred to as "oral literature". The different genr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Abdul Karim Bulri
Shah Abdul Karim of Bulri (1536–1623) () famously known as "''Shah Karim''", was an early Sindhi Sufi poet from Sindh, Pakistan. Shah Abdul Karim Bulri was the great-great-grandfather of the famous poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. Early life He was born in a Syed family in Matiari, presently in eastern Sindh. Since he spent most of his life in Bulri, a village in Tando Muhammad Khan, the word Bulri is often appended to his name. His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother and elder brother Syed Jalal. From childhood, he took a keen interest in matters related to God and spirituality and often did not pay attention to the lessons taught at school and instead spent his time immersed in thoughts of God. He frequently went to mystical gatherings where sermons accompanied by rural music were sung. This affected him so much that he gradually started to compose his own poetry. When he was of age, Shah Abdul Karim married as per the wish of his elder brothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thatta
Thatta is a city in the Pakistani province of Sindh. Thatta was the medieval capital of Sindh, and served as the seat of power for three successive dynasties. Its construction was ordered by Jam Nizamuddin II in 1495. Thatta's historic significance has yielded several monuments in and around the city. Thatta's Makli Necropolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is site of one of the world's largest cemeteries and has numerous monumental tombs built between the 14th and 18th centuries designed in a syncretic funerary style characteristic of lower Sindh. The city's 17th century Shah Jahan Mosque is richly embellished with decorative tiles, and is considered to have the most elaborate display of tile work in the South Asia. Etymology ''Thatta'' refers to riverside settlements. Villagers in the rural areas of lower Sindh often refer to the city as ''Thatta Nagar'', or simply ''Nagar''. The name of Thatta, one of the oldest towns, was derived from the Persian term ''Tah-Tah'' which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindhi Poetry
The Culture of Sindh () has its roots in the Indus Valley civilization. Sindh has been shaped by the largely desert region, the natural resources it has available, and continuous foreign influence. The Indus or Sindhu River, which passes through the land, and the Arabian Sea (Which defines its borders) also supported the seafaring traditions among the local people. The local climate also reflects why the Sindhis have a language, folklore, traditions, customs, and lifestyle that are so different from the neighbouring regions. The Sindhi culture is also practised by the Sindhi diaspora. History The roots of Sindhi culture go back to the distant past. Archaeological research during the 19th and 20th centuries showed the roots of social life, religion, and culture of the people of the Sindh: their agricultural practises, traditional arts and crafts, customs and traditions, and other parts of social life, going back to a mature Indus Valley Civilization of the third millennium BC. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soomra Dynasty
The Soomra dynasty () was a late medieval dynasty of Sindh ruled by the Soomro tribe of Sindh, and at times adjacent regions, located in what is now Pakistan. Sources The only extant source is the ''Diwan-i Farruhi'', a Persian chronicle by Abul-Hasan Ali describing Mahmud of Ghazni's invasion (1025 AD) of Mansura, the erstwhile capital of Sindh. Contemporary coinage from Sindh is scarce and of poor quality with offset flans — while some of them can be read to contain the name of Al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah and Al-Mustansir Billah, the Fatimid Caliphs from 1021 until 1094, then, they lack in the name of the issuer and cannot evidence the dynasty. History Establishment The early history of Soomras is unclear. Ali describes the flight and eventual death by drowning of Hafif (var. Khafif), then-ruler of Sindh, during the faceoff with Mahmud but does not specify whether he was the last Habbarid or first Soomra. Later chroniclers like Ali ibn al-Athir (c. late 12th c.) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sohni Swims To Meet Her Lover Mahinwal LACMA M
Sohini is a raga in Hindustani classical music in the Marva (thaat), Marwa thaat. Alternate transliterations include Sohani and Sohni. Like Bahar, it is a small raga, with not much space for elaboration. It emotes the feel of longing, of passive sensuousness. Technical Description The raga is of audav-shadav nature, i.e., it has five swaras (notes) in the arohana (ascent) and six in the avarohana. Rishabh (Re) is and Madhyam (Ma) is , while all other swaras are shuddha. Pancham (Pa) is not used. The vadi (music), vadi swara is Dha, and samvadi is Ga. The rishabh is weak, but Gandhar (Ga) is strong, unlike Marwa (raga), Marwa. It is an Uttaranga pradhan raga, with the higher notes on the saptak (octave) being used more frequently. Samay (Time) Raga Sohini is associated with very late night / pre-dawn, the last or eighth period of day, roughly from 3-6AM. (3 AM - 6 AM) : 4th Prahar of the Night : Sandhi-Prakash Raag Film Songs Language : Hindi Language:Tamil Langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
