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Scophthalmidae
The Scophthalmidae are a family of flatfish found in the North Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea.Chanet, B. (2003)Interrelationships of scophthalmid fishes (Pleuronectiformes: Scopththalmidae).''Cybium'' 27(4) 275-86. Fish of this family are known commonly as turbots, taxo''Scophthalmidae''at http://www.eol.org. though this name can refer specifically to '' Scophthalmus maximus'', as well. Some common names found in species of this family are turbots, windowpanes, and brills. Cladistic analysis reveals that this family is a monophyletic group. Of all the scophthalmids, the largest species ('' Scophthalmus maximus'') reaches approximately one meter in length. Some species in the family have been historically fished commercially (predominantly the brill flatfish and the turbot flatfish, ''S.rhombus'' and ''S. maximus'' respectively). Taxonomy The ''Scophthalmidae'' family is composed of two main clades, four genera, and eight species. The four gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scophthalmus Maximus
The turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus'') is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea have often been included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate, the Black Sea turbot or kalkan (''S. maeoticus''). True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called "Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides''). Etymology The word comes from the Old French , which may be a derivative of the Latin ('spinning top') a possible reference to its shape. Another possible origin of the Old French word is from Old Swedish , from 'thorn' + 'stump, butt, flatfish', which may also be a reference to its shape (compare native English halibut). Ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-Sea Turbot
''Scophthalmus maeoticus'' (Black Sea turbot or kalkan) is a fish species in the family Scophthalmidae. It is widespread in the Black Sea. It is sometimes treated as a subspecies of the turbot, ''Scophthalmus maximus'', which is common in the Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ....Bailly N., Chanet B. (2010) ''Scophthalmus'' Rafinesque, 1810: The valid generic name for the turbot, ''S. maximus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) leuronectiformes: Scophthalmidae Cybium, 34(3): 257-261. The taxonomic status of this species is under discussion. It is an important commercial species. References External links * maeoticus Commercial fish Fish of the Black Sea Fish described in 1814 Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepidorhombus
''Lepidorhombus'' is a genus of turbots native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * ''Lepidorhombus boscii'' ( A. Risso, 1810) (Four-spot megrim) * ''Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis'' (Walbaum Walbaum is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Johann Julius Walbaum (1724–1799), German physician, naturalist and taxonomist * Johannes Walbaum (born 1987), German footballer * Justus Erich Walbaum (1768-1837), German typ ..., 1792) (Megrim) References Scophthalmidae Taxa named by Albert Günther Marine fish genera {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phrynorhombus
''Phrynorhombus norvegicus'', the Norwegian topknot, is a species of turbot native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. This species grows to a length of SL. This species is the only known member of its genus. References * Scophthalmidae Fauna of Norway Fish of the North Sea Norwegian topknot ''Phrynorhombus norvegicus'', the Norwegian topknot, is a species of turbot native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. This species grows to a length of SL. This species is the only known member of its genus. References * Scophthalmida ... Taxa named by Albert Günther {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbot
The turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus'') is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea have often been included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate, the Black Sea turbot or kalkan (''S. maeoticus''). True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called "Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides''). Etymology The word comes from the Old French , which may be a derivative of the Latin ('spinning top') a possible reference to its shape. Another possible origin of the Old French word is from Old Swedish , from 'thorn' + 'stump, butt, flatfish', which may also be a reference to its shape (compare native English halibut). Ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeugopterus
''Zeugopterus'' is a genus of turbots native to the north Atlantic Ocean. The two species reach a maximum length of . Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * '' Zeugopterus punctatus'' (Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include: A–F * (1859-1914), French rabbi *Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881-1925), Austrian entrepreneur *Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter * (born 1972), German motor journal ..., 1787) (Topknot) * '' Zeugopterus regius'' ( Bonnaterre, 1788) (Eckström's topknot) References Scophthalmidae Marine fish genera Taxa named by Carl Moritz Gottsche {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flatfish
A flatfish is a member of the Ray-finned fish, ray-finned demersal fish order (biology), order Pleuronectiformes, also called the Heterosomata, sometimes classified as a suborder of Perciformes. In many species, both eyes lie on one side of the head, one or the other migrating through or around the head during development. Some species face their left sides upward, some face their right sides upward, and others face either side upward. Many important food fish are in this order, including the flounders, sole (fish), soles, turbot, plaice, and halibut. Some flatfish can camouflage themselves on the ocean floor. Taxonomy Over 800 described species are placed into 16 families. Broadly, the flatfishes are divided into two suborders, Psettodoidei and Pleuronectoidei, with > 99% of the species diversity found within the Pleuronectoidei. The largest families are Soleidae, Bothidae and Tonguefish, Cynoglossidae with more than 150 species each. There also exist two monotypic families (P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brill (fish)
The brill (''Scophthalmus rhombus'') is a species of flatfish in the turbot family (Scophthalmidae) of the order Pleuronectiformes. Brill can be found in the northeast Atlantic, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, and Mediterranean, primarily in deeper offshore waters. Brill have slender bodies, brown covered with lighter and darker coloured flecks, excluding the tailfin; the underside of the fish is usually cream coloured or pinkish white. Like other flatfish the brill has the ability to match its colour to the surroundings. Brill weigh up to and can reach a length of , but are less than half that on average. Part of the dorsal fin of the fish is not connected to the fin membrane, giving the fish a frilly appearance. They are sometimes confused with the turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus''), which is more diamond-shaped. The two species are related and can produce hybrids. On the west coast of Canada (outside the range of ''Scophthalmus rhombus'') local fisherman refer to the petrale sole, ''Eo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scophthalmus
''Scophthalmus'' is a genus of turbots, relatively large flatfish native to the northeast Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. Species There are currently four recognized species in this genus: *'' Scophthalmus aquosus'' ( Mitchill, 1815) (Windowpane flounder) *'' Scophthalmus maeoticus'' (Pallas, 1814) (Black-Sea Turbot) *'' Scophthalmus maximus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Turbot) *'' Scophthalmus rhombus'' (Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ..., 1758) (Brill) References Marine fish genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benthic Zone
The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from ancient Greek, βένθος (bénthos), meaning "the depths." Organisms living in this zone are called benthos and include microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi) as well as larger invertebrates, such as crustaceans and polychaetes. Organisms here generally live in close relationship with the substrate and many are permanently attached to the bottom. The benthic boundary layer, which includes the bottom layer of water and the uppermost layer of sediment directly influenced by the overlying water, is an integral part of the benthic zone, as it greatly influences the biological activity that takes place there. Examples of contact soil layers include sand bottoms, rocky outcrops, coral, and bay mud. Description Oceans The benthic region of the ocean begins at the shore line (intertida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supraoccipital
The occipital bone () is a cranial dermal bone and the main bone of the occiput (back and lower part of the skull). It is trapezoidal in shape and curved on itself like a shallow dish. The occipital bone overlies the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. At the base of skull in the occipital bone, there is a large oval opening called the foramen magnum, which allows the passage of the spinal cord. Like the other cranial bones, it is classed as a flat bone. Due to its many attachments and features, the occipital bone is described in terms of separate parts. From its front to the back is the basilar part, also called the basioccipital, at the sides of the foramen magnum are the lateral parts, also called the exoccipitals, and the back is named as the squamous part. The basilar part is a thick, somewhat quadrilateral piece in front of the foramen magnum and directed towards the pharynx. The squamous part is the curved, expanded plate behind the foramen magnum and is the largest part o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
