Pterolonchidae
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Pterolonchidae
Pterolonchidae is a small family of very small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea.Wikispecies (2008-NOV-06) There are species native to every continent except Australia and Antarctica. Taxonomy and systematics As of 2014 the family may be considered to consist of the following seven genera: *'' Anathyrsa'' Meyrick, 1920 - 1 species *''Coelopoeta'' Walsingham, 1907 - 3 species *'' Houdinia'' Hoare, Dugdale & Watts, 2006 - 1 species *''Homaledra'' Busck, 1900 - 4 species *'' Plexippica'' Meyrick, 1912 - 2 species *''Pterolonche'' Zeller, 1847 - 7 species *''Syringopais'' Hering, 1919 - 1 species The family Pterolonchidae was first named by Edward Meyrick in 1918. Meyrick omitted a description, thus the family was a ''nomen nudum'', until Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher provided the first description of the family in 1929. In 1987 (the journal volume is dated to 1986, but this issue was published the following year) Antonio Vives Moreno published a revision of the family. Viv ...
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Pterolonche
''Pterolonche'' is small genus of small moths of the family Pterolonchidae. Taxonomy The genus was first circumscribed in 1847 by Philipp Christoph Zeller to include two new species. The type species is ''Pterolonche albescens''. In 1984 Antonio Vives Moreno described the new species ''P. gozmaniella'' from Andalucia, but in 1987 Vives reviewed the family Pterolonchidae in Spain, synonymising ''P. gozmaniella'' with ''P. lutescentella'' and ''P. gracilis'' with ''P. inspersa'', describing a new species, and counting five species in the genus ''Pterolonche''. He subdivided the genus in three subgenera. He did not address the species described by Hans Georg Amsel from respectively Malta and Iraq a few decades earlier. In 2011 it was classified as one of two genera in the family Pterolonchidae in the superfamily Gelechioidea by van Nieukerken ''et al''. In 2014 a cladistics analysis performed by Heikkilä ''et al''. expanded the family to seven genera. They classified the genus ...
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Homaledra Heptathalama
''Homaledra heptathalama'', the exclamation moth or palm leaf housemaker, is a moth in the family Pterolonchidae. It was described by August Busck in 1900. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Florida and South Carolina.''Moth Photographers Group''
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Taxonomy

It was first described in 1900 by using specimens from

Coelopoeta
''Coelopoeta'' is a relatively divergent genus of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea, which have only been found in western North America. Its relationships have been interpreted differently over the past century. It has been placed in the family Elachistidae, the family Oecophoridae, and the subfamily Coelopoetinae within the Elachistidae. Taxonomy It was described from California in 1907 as a monotypic genus by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham to house the new species ''C. glutinosi'', which is therefore the type species. Lord Walsingham placed the genus in the family Hyponomeutidae. A second species from California was added in 1920 by William Barnes and August Busck, ''C. baldella'', based on supposed colour differences with the type species, and the genus was moved to the family Elachistidae by these two authors in the same paper. This new taxon was then synonymised with ''C. glutinosi'' by Annette F. Braun in 1948 due to the insects being morphologicall ...
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Gelechioidea
__NOTOC__ Gelechioidea (from the type genus ''Gelechia'', "keeping to the ground") is the superfamily of moths that contains the case-bearers, twirler moths, and relatives, also simply called curved-horn moths or gelechioid moths. It is a large and poorly understood '"micromoth" superfamily, constituting one of the basal lineages of the Ditrysia.Robinson ''et al.'' (1994), Hodges (1999), O'Toole (2002) As of the 1990s, this superfamily was composed of about 1,425 genera and 16,250 species. It was estimated that only 25% of the species diversity of Gelechioidea had been described. If this estimate is accurate, Gelechioidea will be one of the largest superfamilies of Lepidoptera. The name "curved-horn moths" refers to one of the few conspicuous features found in (almost) all Gelechioidea, and, at least in the more extreme developments, unique to them: the labial palps are well-developed (though not thickened), and form more or less gently curved protrusions whose end has a draw ...
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Homaledra
''Homaledra'' is a small genus of at least four species small moth of the family Pterolonchidae native to North and South America. Taxonomy It was included in the family Coleophoridae by Ron Hodges in 1983. Hodges then moved it to the subfamily Batrachedrinae of the Batrachedridae in 1999. In 2014, a cladistic analysis performed by Heikkilä ''et al''., made them deem it necessary to reclassify the genus in the family Pterolonchidae. In 1997 Hodges moved the two South American species ''Pammeces citraula'' and ''P. crocoxysta'' to ''Homaledra''. Species The following species are known: *'' Homaledra citraula'' (Meyrick, 1922) - Peru *'' Homaledra crocoxysta'' (Meyrick, 1922) - Brazil *''Homaledra heptathalama'' Busck, 1900 - Alabama, Florida and South Carolina. *'' Homaledra sabalella'' (Chambers, 1880) - Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas,
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Syringopais
''Syringopais'' is a moth genus. It is here placed in family Pterolonchidae, but its relationships are obscure and some authors instead ally it with the Gelechiidae, Autostichinae and/or Symmocidae and place it elsewhere in the Gelechioidea __NOTOC__ Gelechioidea (from the type genus ''Gelechia'', "keeping to the ground") is the superfamily of moths that contains the case-bearers, twirler moths, and relatives, also simply called curved-horn moths or gelechioid moths. It is a large a .... Species *'' Syringopais temperatella'' (Lederer, 1855) References Syringopainae Moth genera {{Gelechioidea-stub ...
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Coleophoridae
__NOTOC__ The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate. Description and ecology These "micromoths" are generally of slender build, and like in many of their relatives, the margins of their wings usually consist of a "fringe" of hairs. The tiny caterpillar larvae initially feed internally on the leaves, flowers, or seeds of their host plants. When they emerge to feed externally, they usually construct a protective silken case, discarded and built anew as the ...
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Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher
Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (25 March 1878 – 30 April 1950) was an English entomologist. Although an amateur lepidopterist who worked in the Royal Navy, he became an expert on "microlepidoptera" and was appointed as the second Imperial Entomologist in India to succeed Harold Maxwell Lefroy. Although only an amateur entomologist, he is credited with reorganizing entomological research in India by coordinating and directing research, efficient sharing of findings and a reduction in duplication of research work. Fletcher's father William Bainbrigge Fletcher was a fleet surgeon in the Royal Navy (retired 1890). Thomas became a naval paymaster until he retired in 1915. While in the navy, he joined the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean and was appointed Imperial Entomologist in India, succeeding Harold Maxwell-Lefroy at the Imperial Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa. Although lacking academic qualifications in entomology, he was a meticulous naturalist and v ...
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Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ...
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Subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoological names with "-inae". See also * International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants * International Code of Zoological Nomenclature * Rank (botany) * Rank (zoology) In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. While ... Sources {{biology-stub ...
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Ronald W
Ronald is a masculine given name derived from the Old Norse ''Rögnvaldr'', Hanks; Hardcastle; Hodges (2006) p. 234; Hanks; Hodges (2003) § Ronald. or possibly from Old English '' Regenweald''. In some cases ''Ronald'' is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic ''Raghnall'', a name likewise derived from ''Rögnvaldr''. The latter name is composed of the Old Norse elements ''regin'' ("advice", "decision") and ''valdr'' ("ruler"). ''Ronald'' was originally used in England and Scotland, where Scandinavian influences were once substantial, although now the name is common throughout the English-speaking world. A short form of ''Ronald'' is ''Ron''. Pet forms of ''Ronald'' include ''Roni'' and ''Ronnie''. ''Ronalda'' and ''Rhonda'' are feminine forms of ''Ronald''. '' Rhona'', a modern name apparently only dating back to the late nineteenth century, may have originated as a feminine form of ''Ronald''. Hanks; Hardcastle; Hodges (2006) pp. 230, 408; Hanks; Hodges (2003) § Rhona. The names ' ...
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Sicily
(man) it, Siciliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Ethnicity , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Sicilian , demographics1_info1 = 98% , demographics1_title2 = , demographics1_info2 = , demographics1_title3 = , demographics1_info3 = , timezone1 = CET , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = CEST , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , area_code_type = ISO 3166 code , area_code = IT-82 , blank_name_sec1 = GDP (nominal) , blank_info_sec1 = €89.2 billion (2018) , blank1_name_sec1 = GDP per capita , blank1_info_sec1 ...
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