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Process.h
process.h is the C header file which contains function declarations and macros used in working with threads and processes. Most C compilers that target DOS, Windows 3.1x, Win32, OS/2, Novell NetWare or DOS extenders supply this header and the library functions in their C library. Neither the header file nor most of the functions are defined by either the ANSI/ISO C standard or by POSIX. History Microsoft's version of the file dates back to at least 1985, according to its copyright statement. An early reference to the file was in a post on the net.micro.pc usenet on Oct-26-1986.Is my floppy diskette formated? groups-beta.google.com The compiler used was [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spawn (computing)
Spawn in computing refers to a function that loads and executes a new child process. The current process may wait for the child to terminate or may continue to execute concurrent computing. Creating a new subprocess requires enough memory in which both the child process and the current program can execute. There is a family of spawn functions in DOS, inherited by Microsoft Windows. There is also a different family of spawn functions in an optional extension of the POSIX standards . DOS/Windows spawn functions The DOS/Windows spawn functions are inspired by Unix functions fork and exec; however, as these operating systems do not support fork,Windows Subsystem for Linux implements fork. Other POSIX environments such as Cygwin may have an implementation, but using it is not recommended due to the differences in the process model between POSIX and Windows. Fork is not part of the Windows API and most Windows programs do not use these environments, so do not have access to fork. t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beginthread
The beginthread function creates a new thread of execution within the current process. It is part of the Microsoft Windows runtime library and is declared in the process.h header file. Prototype unsigned long _beginthread(void(* Func)(void*), unsigned Stack_size, void *Arg); Func Thread execution starts at the beginning of the function func. To terminate the thread correctly, func must call _endthread or end with "return 0", freeing memory allocated by the run time library to support the thread. Stack_size The operating system allocates a stack for the thread containing the number of bytes specified by stack_size. If the value of stack_size is zero, the operating system creates a stack the same size as that of the main thread. Arg The operating system passes Arg to Func when execution begins. Arg can be any 32-bit value cast to void*. Return value Returns the operating system handle of the newly created thread. If unsuccessful, the function returns −1 and sets errno err ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exec (operating System)
In computing, exec is a functionality of an operating system that runs an executable file in the context of an already existing process (computing), process, replacing the previous executable. This act is also referred to as an overlay. It is especially important in Unix-like systems, although it also exists elsewhere. As no new process is created, the process identifier (PID) does not change, but the machine code, data (computing), data, heap (programming), heap, and run-time stack, stack of the process are replaced by those of the new program. The ''exec'' call or some variant is available for many programming languages including compiler, compiled languages and some scripting languages. In Command-line interface, command interpreters, the shell builtin, built-in command replaces the shell process with the specified program. Nomenclature Interfaces to ''exec'' and its implementations vary. Depending on programming language it may be accessible via one or more function (progra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Header File
An include directive instructs a text file processor to replace the directive text with the content of a specified file. The act of including may be logical in nature. The processor may simply process the include file content at the location of the directive without creating a combined file. Different processors may use different syntax. The C preprocessor (used with C, C++ and in other contexts) defines an include directive as a line that starts #include and is followed by a file specification. COBOL defines an include directive indicated by copy in order to include a copybook. Generally, for C/C++ the include directive is used to include a header file, but can include any file. Although relatively uncommon, it is sometimes used to include a body file such as a .c file. The include directive can support encapsulation and reuse. Different parts of a system can be segregated into logical groupings yet rely on one another via file inclusion. C and C++ are designed to leverag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Process Identifier
In computing, the process identifier (a.k.a. process ID or PID) is a number used by most operating system kernel (operating system), kernels—such as those of Unix, macOS and Windows—to uniquely identify an active Process (computing), process. This number may be used as a parameter in various function calls, allowing processes to be manipulated, such as adjusting the process's priority or kill (command), killing it altogether. Unix-like In Unix-like operating systems, new processes are created by the Fork (operating system), fork() system call. The PID is returned to the parent process, enabling it to refer to the child in further function calls. The parent may, for example, wait for the child to terminate with the waitpid() function, or terminate the process with kill(). There are two tasks with specially distinguished process IDs: PID 0 is used for ''swapper'' or ''sched'', which is part of the kernel and is a process that runs on a CPU core whenever that CPU core has not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Getpid
In computing, the process identifier (a.k.a. process ID or PID) is a number used by most operating system kernels—such as those of Unix, macOS and Windows—to uniquely identify an active process. This number may be used as a parameter in various function calls, allowing processes to be manipulated, such as adjusting the process's priority or killing it altogether. Unix-like In Unix-like operating systems, new processes are created by the fork() system call. The PID is returned to the parent process, enabling it to refer to the child in further function calls. The parent may, for example, wait for the child to terminate with the waitpid() function, or terminate the process with kill(). There are two tasks with specially distinguished process IDs: PID 0 is used for ''swapper'' or ''sched'', which is part of the kernel and is a process that runs on a CPU core whenever that CPU core has nothing else to do. Linux also calls the threads of this process ''idle tasks''. In some AP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Execution (computers)
Execution in computer engineering, computer and software engineering is the process by which a computer or virtual machine interprets and acts on the instructions of a computer program. Each instruction of a program is a description of a particular action which must be carried out, in order for a specific problem to be solved. Execution involves repeatedly following a "Instruction cycle, fetch–decode–execute" cycle for each instruction done by the control unit. As the executing machine follows the instructions, specific effects are produced in accordance with the Formal semantics of programming languages, semantics of those instructions. Programs for a computer may be executed in a Batch processing, batch process without human interaction or a User (computing), user may type Command (computing), commands in an Session (computer science), interactive session of an Interpreter (computing), interpreter. In this case, the "commands" are simply program instructions, whose executio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbo C
Turbo C is a discontinued integrated development environment (IDE) and compiler for the C programming language from Borland. First introduced in 1987, it was noted for its integrated development environment, small size, fast compile speed, comprehensive manuals and low price. In May 1990, Borland replaced Turbo C with Turbo C++. In 2006, Borland reintroduced the Turbo moniker. Early history In the early 1980s, Borland enjoyed considerable success with their Turbo Pascal product and it became a popular choice when developing applications for the PC. Borland followed up that success by releasing Turbo Prolog (in 1986), and in 1987, Turbo Basic and Turbo C. Turbo C has similar properties to Turbo Pascal: an integrated development environment, a fast compiler (though not near the speed of Turbo Pascal), a good editor, and a competitive price. Turbo C competed with other professional programming tools, such as Microsoft C, Watcom C, and Lattice C, while Turbo Pascal was su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lattice C
The Lattice C Compiler was released in June 1982 by Lifeboat Associates and was the first C compiler for the IBM Personal Computer. The compiler sold for $500 and would run on PC DOS or MS-DOS (which at the time were the same product with different brandings). The first hardware requirements were given as 96KB of RAM and one (later two) floppy drives. It was ported to many other platforms, such as mainframes ( MVS), minicomputers ( VMS), workstations (UNIX), OS/2, Amiga, Atari ST, and Sinclair QL. The compiler was subsequently repackaged by Microsoft under a distribution agreement as Microsoft C version 2.0. Microsoft developed their own C compiler that was released in April 1985 as Microsoft C Compiler 3.0. Lattice was purchased by SAS Institute in 1987 and rebranded as SAS/C. After this, support for other platforms dwindled until compiler development ceased for all platforms except IBM mainframes. The product is still available in versions that run on other platforms, but t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
