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Piperazines
Substituted piperazines are a class of chemical compounds based on a piperazine core. Some are used as recreational drugs and some are used in scientific research. List of substituted piperazines Benzylpiperazines File:Benzylpiperazine.svg, 1-Benzylpiperazine (BZP) File:Methylbenzylpiperazine.svg, 1-Methyl-4-benzylpiperazine (MBZP) File:DBZP.svg, 1,4-Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP) File:MDBZP.svg, 3,4-Methylenedioxy-1-benzylpiperazine (MDBZP) File:2C-B-BZP.svg, 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-1-benzylpiperazine (2C-B-BZP) File:Methoxypiperamide.png, Methoxypiperamide (MeOP, MEXP) ((4-methoxyphenyl)(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone) File:Sunifiram.svg , Sunifiram (1-benzoyl-4-propanoylpiperazine) File:3-Methylbenzylpiperazine structure.png, 3-Methylbenzylpiperazine (3-MeBZP) File:Befuraline.svg, Befuraline(also produces benzylpiperazine as a metabolite) File:Fipexide.svg, Fipexide(also produces substituted benzylpiperazine as a metabolite) File:Piberaline.svg, Piberaline(also produces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piperazine
Piperazine () is an organic compound with the formula . In term of its structure, it can be described as cyclohexane with the 1- and 4-CH2 groups replaced by NH. Piperazine exists as deliquescent solid with a saline taste. Piperazine is freely soluble in water and ethylene glycol, but poorly soluble in diethyl ether. Piperazine is commonly available industrially is as the hexahydrate, , which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C.''The Merck index, 10th Ed.'' (1983), p. 1076, Rahway:Merck & Co. Substituted derivatives of piperazine are a broad class of chemical compounds. Many piperazines have useful pharmacological properties, prominent examples include viagra, ciprofloxacin, and ziprasidone. Origin and naming Piperazines were originally named because of their chemical similarity with piperidine, part of the structure of piperine in the black pepper plant (''Piper nigrum''). The -az- infix added to "piperazine" refers to the extra nitrogen atom, compared to piperidine. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PFPP
''para''-Fluorophenylpiperazine (pFPP, 4-FPP, 4-Fluorophenylpiperazine; Fluoperazine, Flipiperazine) is a piperazine derivative with mildly psychedelic and euphoriant effects. It has been sold as an ingredient in legal recreational drugs known as "Party pills", initially in New Zealand and subsequently in other countries around the world. pFPP has been found ''in vitro'' to act mainly as a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, with some additional affinity for the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. It has also been shown to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, and to possibly induce their release. pFPP was originally discovered as a metabolite of the hypnotic 5-HT2A and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist niaprazine in 1982, but was rediscovered in 2003 as a potential recreational drug, and sold as an ingredient in "Party pills" in New Zealand, under brand names such as "The Big Grin", "Mashed", and "Extreme Beans". Subsequently it has continued to be used as an ingredient i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mefeclorazine
Mefeclorazine () is a neuroleptic (antipsychotic) of the phenethylamine and arylpiperazine groups. Part of mefeclorazine's chemical structure is based on 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine (DMPEA or homoveratrylamine), which has structural similarity to the neurotransmitter dopamine. Mefeclorazine was invented by Jack Mills of Eli Lilly in 1958. Although it is not known to have ever been used clinically, it is based on a chemically rational synthetic design. The ''ortho''-chlorophenylpiperazine (oCPP) moiety forms part of the molecular structure. This precursor finds dual use in the synthesis of the arylpiperazines enpiprazole and KMUP-1. See also *Cutamesine Cutamesine (SA 4503) is a synthetic sigma receptor agonist which is selective for the ''σ''1 receptor, a chaperone protein mainly found in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells in the central nervous system. These ''σ''1 receptors play a key role ... See also * Substituted piperazine References {{Phenethylamin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3-Methylbenzylpiperazine
3-Methylbenzylpiperazine (3-Me-BZP) is a stimulant drug which is a derivative of benzylpiperazine. It has been sold as a designer drug A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. ..., first being identified in Sweden in February 2012. See also * Methylbenzylpiperazine * Substituted piperazine References {{DEFAULTSORT:Methylbenzylpiperazine, 3- Benzylpiperazines Designer drugs Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents 1-Piperazinyl compounds Stimulants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-(3-Chlorophenyl)piperazine
''meta''-Chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) is a psychoactive drug of the phenylpiperazine class. It was initially developed in the late-1970s and used in scientific research before being sold as a designer drug in the mid-2000s. It has been detected in pills touted as legal alternatives to illicit stimulants in New Zealand and pills sold as " ecstasy" in Europe and the United States. Despite its advertisement as a recreational substance, mCPP is actually generally considered to be an unpleasant experience and is not desired by drug users. It lacks any reinforcing effects, but has "psychostimulant, anxiety-provoking, and hallucinogenic effects." It is also known to produce dysphoric, depressive, and anxiogenic effects in rodents and humans, and can induce panic attacks in individuals susceptible to them. It also worsens obsessive–compulsive symptoms in people with the disorder. mCPP is known to induce headaches in humans and has been used for testing potential antimigraine me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piberaline
Piberaline (EGYT-475; Trelibet) is a psychoactive drug and member of the piperazine chemical class which was developed in the 1980s. It has stimulant and antidepressant effects which are thought to be due largely to its active metabolite benzylpiperazine. It was studied to a limited extent in Hungary and Spain, but was not widely accepted and does not seem to be in current use, although a closely related drug befuraline with similar effects has been slightly more successful. Synthesis Piberaline can be prepared by reaction of picolinic acid with benzylpiperazine. Alternatively, it can be synthesized from 2-chloropyridine 2-Chloropyridine is an aryl chloride with the formula C5H4ClN. It is a colorless liquid that is mainly used to generate fungicides and insecticides in industry. It also serves to generate antihistamines and antiarrythymics for pharmaceutical purpo ..., carbon monoxide, and benzylpiperazine. See also * Substituted piperazine * Befuraline * Fipexide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fipexide
Fipexide (Attentil, Vigilor) is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine chemical class which was developed in Italy in 1983. It was used as a nootropic drug in Italy and France, mainly for the treatment of senile dementia, but is no longer in common use due to the occurrence of rare adverse drug reactions including fever and hepatitis. Fipexide is similar in action to other nootropic drugs such as piracetam and has a few similarities in chemical structure to centrophenoxine. Chemically, it is an amide union of parachlorophenoxyacetate and methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP), and has been shown to metabolize to the latter, which plays a significant role in its effects. Synthesis PTC alkylation of piperazine (1) with 2 equivalents of piperonyl chloride 5054-53-9(2) in the presence of cetrimonium bromide gives 1,4-bis-piperonylpiperazine 5436-41-4(3). Base catalyzed treatment with 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4) displaces one of the piperonyl groups to give fipexide (5). Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Befuraline
Befuraline (DIV-154) is a psychoactive drug and member of the piperazine chemical class which was drug development, developed in Germany in the 1970s. Befuraline has stimulant and antidepressant effects and has seen some use in Germany and France, although it has never become widely used. Befuraline's active metabolite benzylpiperazine is likely to contribute to its effects. Synthesis A one-step coupling between coumarilic acid (benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid) [496-41-3] (1) and benzylpiperazine (BzP) (2) gives an amide, and hence ''Befuraline'' (3). See also * Substituted piperazine * Fipexide * Piberaline References Anthelmintics Benzofuran-2-carboxamides Benzylpiperazines Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents {{psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine
3-Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP) is a recreational drug of the phenylpiperazine chemical class and is a substituted piperazine. Usually in combination with benzylpiperazine (BZP) and other analogues, it is sold as an alternative to the illicit drug MDMA ("Ecstasy"). Use and effects TFMPP is rarely used by itself. In fact, TFMPP reduces locomotor activity and produces aversive effects in animals rather than self-administration, which may explain the decision of the DEA not to permanently make TFMPP a controlled substance. More commonly, TFMPP is co-administered with BZP, which acts as a norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent. Due to the serotonin agonist effects and increase in serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine levels produced by the BZP/TFMPP combination, this mixture of drugs produces effects which crudely mimic those of MDMA. In a clinical study, TFMPP produced effects in humans including dysphoria, dextroamphetamine-like effects (i.e., stimulant-like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methoxypiperamide
Methoxypiperamide (also known as MeOP and MEXP) is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine class that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is the 4-methoxy-α-keto analog of methylbenzylpiperazine. Very little data exists about the pharmacology and toxicity of methoxypiperamide; however, the US state of Vermont classifies it as a hallucinogen. Legal status Methoxypiperamide is a controlled substance in Vermont as of January 2016, and also in Hungary. See also * Substituted piperazine * Sunifiram Sunifiram (developmental code name DM-235) is an experimental drug which has antiamnesic effects in animal studies and with significantly higher potency than piracetam. Sunifiram is a molecular simplification of unifiram (DM-232). Another analo ... References Amides N-benzoylpiperazines Benzylpiperazines Designer drugs 4-Methoxyphenyl compounds {{psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mepiprazole
Mepiprazole (INN, BAN) (brand name Psigodal) is an anxiolytic drug of the phenylpiperazine group with additional antidepressant properties that is marketed in Spain. It acts as a 5-HT2A and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and inhibits the reuptake and induces the release of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine to varying extents, and has been described as a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI). Usages Controlled clinical trials of mepiprazole in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were also carried out and suggested some benefits of the drug in relieving symptoms of IBS in some patients. Similarly to other phenylpiperazines like trazodone, nefazodone, and etoperidone, mepiprazole produces ''m''CPP as an active metabolite An active metabolite, or pharmacologically active metabolite is a biologically active metabolite of a xenobiotic substance, such as a drug or environmental chemical. Active metabolites may produce therapeutic effects, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-1-benzylpiperazine
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-1-benzylpiperazine (2C-B-BZP) is a psychoactive drug and research chemical of the piperazine chemical class which has been sold as a "designer drug". It produces stimulant effects similar to those of benzylpiperazine (BZP). Chemistry 2C-B-BZP contains a benzylpiperazine base as well as the ring-substitution pattern of the psychedelic phenethylamine 2C-B. 2C-B-BZP is not a phenethylamine itself and does not produce psychedelic effects, as the binding groups are in the wrong position to activate the 5-HT2A receptor, while the phenylpiperazine homologue 2C-B-PP substitutes for DOM in DOM-trained rats with around one-tenth the potency of DOM, but does not substitute for TFMPP. Effects 2C-B-BZP produces stimulant effects which last 3–6 hours. It is also said by several sources to increase the effects of other compounds when combined . Side effects include headaches and nausea, similar to those of other recreationally-used piperazine derivatives. Legali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
