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Oestridae
Botflies, also known as warble flies, heel flies, and gadflies, are a family of flies known as the Oestridae. Their larvae are internal parasites of mammals, some species growing in the host's flesh and others within the gut. ''Dermatobia hominis'' is the only species of botfly known to parasitize humans routinely, though other species of flies cause myiasis in humans. General A botfly, also written bot fly, bott fly or bot-fly in various combinations, is any fly in the family Oestridae. Their life cycles vary greatly according to species, but the larvae of all species are internal parasites of mammals. Largely according to species, they also are known variously as warble flies, heel flies, and gadflies. The larvae of some species grow in the flesh of their hosts, while others grow within the hosts' alimentary tracts. The word "bot" in this sense means a maggot. A warble is a skin lump or callus such as might be caused by an ill-fitting harness, or by the presence of a warble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephenemyia Stimulator
The name deer botfly (also deer nose botfly) refers to any species in the genus ''Cephenemyia'' (sometimes misspelled as ''Cephenomyia'' or ''Cephenemya''), within the family Oestridae. They are large, gray-brown flies, often very accurate mimics of bumblebees. They attack chiefly the nostrils and pharyngeal cavity of members of the deer family. The larva of ''Cephenemyia auribarbis'', infesting the stag, is called a stagworm. The genus name comes from the Greek ''kēphēn'', drone bee, and ''myia'', fly. Description The larval stages of ''Cephenemyia'' are obligate parasites of cervids. Eggs hatch in the uterus of the female. She then flies close to the head of her host species and while hovering ejects her larvae into its nostrils. Larvae migrate to the base of the animal's tongue, where they mature in clusters to a size of 25 to 36 mm. After being ejected by the host, they pupate in soil (2 to 3 weeks) before emerging as a sexually-mature but non-feeding adult, which mus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuterebrinae
The Cuterebrinae, the robust bot flies, are a subfamily of Oestridae which includes large, parasitic flies; this group has historically been treated as a family, but all recent classifications place them firmly within the Oestridae. Both genera spend their larval stages in the skin of mammals. The genus ''Cuterebra'', or rodent bots, attack rodents and similar animals. The other genus, ''Dermatobia'', attacks primates, including humans. See also * Cuterebriasis Cuterebriasis is a parasitic disease affecting rodents, lagomorphs (hares, rabbits, pikas), felines, and canines. The etiologic agent is the larval development of botflies within the ''Cuterebra'' or '' Trypoderma'' genera, which occurs obliga ... References External links * Oestridae Parasitic flies Brachycera subfamilies {{Oestroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasterophilinae
The Gasterophilinae are a subfamily of Oestridae which includes large, parasitic flies; this group has historically been treated as a family, but all recent classifications place them firmly within the Oestridae. Many members of this subfamily spend part of their larval stages in the digestive tracts of herbivores. The best known genus is ''Gasterophilus'', which attacks horses, deer, and similar animals. The genus ''Cobboldia'' breeds in elephants. The genus ''Gyrostigma'' breeds in rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct species ...es. References Oestridae Parasitic flies Brachycera subfamilies {{Oestroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypodermatinae
The Hypodermatinae are a subfamily of Oestridae. The Hypodermatinae include large parasitic flies, some of which are known as warble flies. The 9 genera in this subfamily typically spend their larval stages in the skin or soft tissues of mammals, including bovine Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship betwee ...s. Such species include serious pests of livestock. Genera Hypodermatinae includes 9 genera: * '' Hypoderma'' * '' Ochotonia'' * '' Oestroderma'' * '' Oestromyia'' * '' Pallasiomyia'' * '' Pavlovskiata'' * '' Portschinskia'' * '' Przhevalskiana'' * '' Strobiloestrus'' References Oestridae Parasitic flies Brachycera subfamilies {{Oestroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oestrinae
Oestrinae is a subfamily of Oestridae which includes parasitic flies attacking a range of different hosts. There are 9 genera with 34 species in this subfamily, which typically spend their larval stage in the skin or soft tissues of mammals, including deer or sheep Sheep or domestic sheep (''Ovis aries'') are domesticated, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Although the term ''sheep'' can apply to other species in the genus ''Ovis'', in everyday usage it almost always refers to domesticated s ... (such species are often considered pests). The adult flies give birth to living larva in the host's nostril. References * Pape, T. (2001). Phylogeny of Oestridae (Insecta: Diptera). ''Systematic Entomology'' 26, 133–171. * Gary Mullen, Lance Durden: ''Medical and Veterinary Entomology.'' Elsevier 2009. Oestridae Parasitic arthropods of mammals Parasitic flies Brachycera subfamilies {{Oestroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flies
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced mechanosensory organs known as halteres, which act as high-speed sensors of rotational movement and allow dipterans to perform advanced aerobatics. Diptera is a large order containing an estimated 1,000,000 species including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies and others, although only about 125,000 species have been described. Flies have a mobile head, with a pair of large compound eyes, and mouthparts designed for piercing and sucking (mosquitoes, black flies and robber flies), or for lapping and sucking in the other groups. Their wing arrangement gives them great maneuverability in flight, and claws and pads on their feet enable them to cling to smooth surfaces. Flies undergo complete metamorphosis; the eggs are often laid on the la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oestroidea
Oestroidea is a superfamily of Calyptratae including the blow flies, bot flies, flesh flies, and their relatives. It occurs worldwide and has about 15,000 described species. The superfamily includes the families: *Calliphoridae *Mesembrinellidae (formerly included in Calliphoridae) *Mystacinobiidae *Oestridae *Polleniidae (formerly included in Calliphoridae) * Rhiniidae (formerly included in Calliphoridae) *Rhinophoridae *Sarcophagidae *Tachinidae *Ulurumyiidae Ecology Oestroidea have a wide range of feeding habits and breeding environments: saprophagous (many Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae), feeding on blood of birds or mammals (some Calliphoridae), parasites of gastropods or earthworms (some Calliphoridae), parasitoids of arthropods (Rhinophoridae, Tachinidae and some Sarcophagidae), living in association with termites or ants (some Calliphoridae and Rhiniidae), and commensals of bats (Mystacinobiidae). Various species of Calliphoridae, Oestridae and Sarcophagidae have larv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calliphoridae
The Calliphoridae (commonly known as blow flies, blow-flies, carrion flies, bluebottles, greenbottles, or cluster flies) are a family of insects in the order Diptera, with almost 1,900 known species. The maggot larvae, often used as fishing bait, are known as gentles. The family is known to be polyphyletic, but much remains disputed regarding proper treatment of the constituent taxa, some of which are occasionally accorded family status (e.g., Bengaliidae and Helicoboscidae). The name blowfly comes from an older English term for meat that had eggs laid on it, which was said to be flyblown. The first known association of the term "blow" with flies appears in the plays of William Shakespeare: '' Love's Labour's Lost'', '' The Tempest'', and '' Antony and Cleopatra''. Description Characteristics Calliphoridae adults are commonly shiny with metallic colouring, often with blue, green, or black thoraces and abdomens. Antennae are three-segmented and aristate. The aristae are pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuadorian Mantled Howler (Alouatta Palliata Aequatorialis) Juvenile Male With Botfly (Oestridae Sp
The Ecuadorian mantled howler (''Alouatta palliata aequatorialis'') is a subspecies of the mantled howler, ''A. palliata''. It ranges from Panama (or possibly the eastern tip of Costa Rica) through Colombia and Ecuador into northern Peru. The range limits between the Ecuadorian mantled howler and the golden-mantled howler The golden-mantled howler (''Alouatta palliata palliata'') is a subspecies of the mantled howler, ''A. palliata''. It ranges throughout much of Central America, in Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and possibly Panama. The range limi ... are not entirely clear. The Ecuadorian mantled howler replaces the Golden-mantled howler in either extreme eastern Costa Rica or western Panama. The Ecuadorian mantled howler differs from the golden-mantled howler primarily by being paler, with a more yellowish mantle. File:Panamanian Male Adult Howler Monkey.jpg, male File:Ecuadorian mantled howler (Alouatta palliata aequatorialis) family group.jpg, troop Fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermatobia Hominis
The human botfly, ''Dermatobia hominis'' (Greek δέρμα, skin + βίος, life, and Latin '' hominis'', of a human), is a species of botfly whose larvae parasitise humans (in addition to a wide range of other animals, including other primates). It is also known as the torsalo or American warble fly, though the warble fly is in the genus ''Hypoderma'' and not ''Dermatobia'', and is a parasite on cattle and deer instead of humans. ''Dermatobia'' fly eggs have been shown to be vectored by over 40 species of mosquitoes and muscoid flies, as well as one species of tick; the female captures the mosquito and attaches its eggs to its body, then releases it. Either the eggs hatch while the mosquito is feeding and the larvae use the mosquito bite area as the entry point, or the eggs simply drop off the muscoid fly when it lands on the skin. The larvae develop inside the subcutaneous layers, and after about eight weeks, they drop out to pupate for at least a week, typically in the so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myiasis
Myiasis is the parasitic infestation of the body of a live animal by fly larvae (maggots) which grow inside the host while feeding on its tissue. Although flies are most commonly attracted to open wounds and urine- or feces-soaked fur, some species (including the most common myiatic flies—the botfly, blowfly, and screwfly) can create an infestation even on unbroken skin and have been known to use moist soil and non-myiatic flies (such as the common housefly) as vector agents for their parasitic larvae. Because some animals (particularly non-native domestic animals) cannot react as effectively as humans to the causes and effects of myiasis, such infestations present a severe and continuing problem for livestock industries worldwide, causing severe economic losses where they are not mitigated by human action. Although typically a far greater issue for animals, myiasis is also a relatively frequent disease for humans in rural tropical regions where myiatic flies thrive, and of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warble Flies
Warble fly is a name given to the genus ''Hypoderma'': large flies which are parasitic on cattle and deer. Other names include "heel flies", "bomb flies" and "gadflies", while their larvae are often called "cattle grubs" or "wolves." Common species of warble fly include ''Hypoderma bovis'' (the ox warble fly) and ''Hypoderma lineatum'' (the cattle warble fly) and ''Hypoderma tarandi'' (the reindeer warble fly). Larvae of ''Hypoderma'' species also have been reported in horses, sheep, goats and humans. They have also been found on smaller mammals such as dogs, cats, squirrels, voles and rabbits. Adult warble flies are large, hairy and bumblebee-like and brown, orange or yellow in color. The adults have vestigial mouthparts, so they cannot feed during their short lifespans, which can be as little as five days. Piper, R. (2007), ''Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals''. Greenwood Press. They are found on all continents of the Northern Hemisphere, mai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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