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Marind–Yaqai Languages
The Marind–Yaqai (Marind–Yakhai) languages are a well established language family of Papuan languages, spoken by the Marind-anim. They form part of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Stephen Wurm and Malcolm Ross, and were established as part of the Anim branch of TNG by Timothy Usher. Languages The languages are: * Marind * Yaqay branch: Warkay-Bipim, Yaqay Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are *a *e *i *o *u. Pronouns The pronouns are: : Classification The Marind languages were partially identified by Sidney Herbert Ray and JHP Murray in 1918; the family was filled out by JHMC Boelaars in 1950. It was incorporated into Trans–New Guinea by Stephen Wurm in 1975. The Boazi languages were formerly classified as Marind. Evolution Marind reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma: *''kase'' ‘saliva’ < pTNG *kasipa ‘spit’ *''maŋgat'' ‘mouth’ < *maŋgat [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marind People
The Marind or Marind-Anim are an ethnic group of New Guinea, residing in the province of South Papua, Indonesia. Geography The Marind-anim live in South Papua, Indonesia. They occupy a vast territory, which is situated on either side of the Bian River, from about 20 miles to the east of Merauke, up to the mouth of the Moeli River in the west (between Frederik Hendrik Island and the mainland; east of Yos Sudarso Island, mainly west of the Maro River (a small area goes beyond the Maro at its lower part, including Merauke). Nevermann 1957: 225 Topography The territory of the Marind tribe consists of a low-lying, deposited coastal area. This area is for the most part flooded in the wet season. The hinterland, which is situated somewhat higher, is intersected by a great number of rivers. Originally, either sago or coconut palm trees were planted, though stretches of bamboo could also be found. Culture Mostly during the 20th century, Marind culture underwent major changes. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marind Language
Marind is a Papuan language spoken in Malind District, Merauke Regency, Indonesia by over ten thousand people. Dialects are Southeast Marind, Gawir, Holifoersch, and Tugeri. Bian Marind (Northwest Marind), also known as Boven-Mbian, is divergent enough to not be mutually intelligible, and has been assigned a separate ISO code. Marind separates the Trans-Fly–Bulaka River languages The Trans-Fly – Bulaka River South-Central Papuan languages form a hypothetical family of Papuan languages. They include many of the languages west of the Fly River in southern Papua New Guinea into southern Indonesian West Papua, plus a pair ..., which would otherwise occupy a nearly continuous stretch of southern New Guinea. References Further reading * * * * Kriens, Ronald. 2003. Report on the Kumbe river survey south coast of Irian Jaya, Indonesia'. SIL International. Marind–Yaqai languages Languages of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) {{PapuaNewGuinea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marind–Yaqai Languages
The Marind–Yaqai (Marind–Yakhai) languages are a well established language family of Papuan languages, spoken by the Marind-anim. They form part of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Stephen Wurm and Malcolm Ross, and were established as part of the Anim branch of TNG by Timothy Usher. Languages The languages are: * Marind * Yaqay branch: Warkay-Bipim, Yaqay Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are *a *e *i *o *u. Pronouns The pronouns are: : Classification The Marind languages were partially identified by Sidney Herbert Ray and JHP Murray in 1918; the family was filled out by JHMC Boelaars in 1950. It was incorporated into Trans–New Guinea by Stephen Wurm in 1975. The Boazi languages were formerly classified as Marind. Evolution Marind reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma: *''kase'' ‘saliva’ < pTNG *kasipa ‘spit’ *''maŋgat'' ‘mouth’ < *maŋgat [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boazi Languages
The Boazi languages, also known as the Lake Murray languages, are a pair of languages in the Trans–New Guinea family, spoken near Lake Murray (Papua New Guinea). They were previously classified in the Marind branch. The languages are Kuni-Boazi and Zimakani Zimakani is a Papuan language spoken in Papua New Guinea by approximately 1,500 people. Bibliography The Unevangelized Fields Mission has texts (gospel tracts) of Zimakani. *Unevangelized Fields Mission. 1956. ''Jesu’ba Woituwoituda''. Unevan .... Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are *a *e *i *o *u. Pronouns The pronouns are: : References Further reading *Voorhoeve, C.L. "The Languages of the Lake Murray Area". In Voorhoeve, C., McElhanon, K., Blowers, B. and Blowers, R. editors, ''Papers in New Guinea Linguistics'' No. 12. A-25:1-18. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1970. External links * Timothy Usher, New Guinea WorldProto–Lake Murra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidney Herbert Ray
Sidney Herbert Ray (28 May 1858 – 1 January 1939) was a British comparative and descriptive linguist who specialised in Melanesian languages.Papers and field notes relating to his linguistic work are held bSOAS Special Collections/ref> In 1892, he read an important paper, ''The Languages of British New Guinea'', to the Ninth International Congress of Orientalists. In that paper, he established the distinction between the Austronesian and Papuan languages of New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr .... Although he never held an academic position, and was employed throughout his working life as a school teacher, S. H. Ray was an energetic fieldworker, and participated in a number of expeditions. His first fieldwork was carried out as part of A. C. Haddon's 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaqay Language
Yaqay (Yakhai, Yaqai, Jakai, Jaqai) is a Papuan language spoken in Indonesia by over 10,000 people. It is also called ''Mapi'' or ''Sohur''; dialects are Oba-Miwamon, Nambiomon-Mabur, Bapai. According to ''Ethnologue'', Yaqay is spoken along the south coast of Mappi Regency Mappi Regency is a regency (''kabupaten'') in the Indonesian province of South Papua. It was split off from Merauke Regency (of which it had been a component part) on 12 November 2002. It covers an area of 25,609.94 km2, and had a population of 81, ..., along the Obaa River north to the Gandaimu area. Phonology The following is the phonology of Yaqay, as defined in .Kainakainu, Barth and Paidi, Yacobus and Rinantanti, Yulini and Morin, Izak. 1998. Fonologi bahasa Yakhai. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 190pp. https://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2531/1/fonologi%20bahasa%20yakhai%20%20%20199.pdf Consonants * and are both dental consonants, while ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warkay-Bipim Language
Bipim, or Warkay-Bipim, is a Papuan language spoken in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...n province of Papua. References Marind–Yaqai languages Languages of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) {{PapuaNewGuinea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross (born 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is the emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University. Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996. Career Ross served as the Principal of Goroka Teachers College in Papua New Guinea from 1980 to 1982, during which time he self-statedly become interested in local languages, and began to collect data on them. In 1986, he received his PhD from the ANU under the supervision of Stephen Wurm, Bert Voorhoeve and Darrell Tryon. His dissertation was on the genealogy of the Oceanic languages of western Melanesia, and contained an early reconstruction of Proto Oceanic. Malcolm Ross introduced the concept of a linkage, a group of languages that evolves via dialect differentiation rather than by tree-like splits. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Papua
South Papua, officially the South Papua Province ( id, Provinsi Papua Selatan), is an Indonesian province located in the southern portion of Papua, following the borders of Papuan customary region of Anim Ha. Formally established on 11 November 2022 and including the four most southern regencies that were previously part of the province of Papua and before 11 December 2002 were all part of a larger Merauke Regency, it covers an area of 131,493 km2 and had a population of 517,623 according to the official estimates for mid 2021.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. It shares land borders with the sovereign state of Papua New Guinea to the east, as well as the Indonesian provinces of Highland Papua and Central Papua to the north and northwest, respectively. South Papua also faces the Arafura Sea in the west and south, which is maritime border with Australia. The province comprises the Papuan customary region of Anim Ha. Merauke is the capital and the economic centre of South ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Wurm
Stephen Adolphe Wurm ( hu, Wurm István Adolf, ; 19 August 1922 – 24 October 2001) was a Hungarian-born Australian linguist. Early life Wurm was born in Budapest, the second child to the German-speaking Adolphe Wurm and the Hungarian-speaking Anna Novroczky. He was christened Istvan Adolphe Wurm. His father died before Stephen was born. Both of his parents were multilingual, and Wurm showed an interest in languages from an early age. Attending school in Vienna and travelling to all parts of Europe during his childhood, Wurm spoke roughly nine languages by the time he reached adulthood, a gift he inherited from his father, who spoke 17. Wurm went on to master at least 50 languages. Career Wurm grew up stateless, unable to take the nationality of either of his parent or of his country of residence, Austria. That enabled him to avoid military service and attend university. He studied Turkic languages at the Oriental Institute in Vienna, receiving his doctorate in linguist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marind-anim
The Marind or Marind-Anim are an ethnic group of New Guinea, residing in the province of South Papua, Indonesia. Geography The Marind-anim live in South Papua, Indonesia. They occupy a vast territory, which is situated on either side of the Bian River, from about 20 miles to the east of Merauke, up to the mouth of the Moeli River in the west (between Frederik Hendrik Island and the mainland; east of Yos Sudarso Island, mainly west of the Maro River (a small area goes beyond the Maro at its lower part, including Merauke). Nevermann 1957: 225 Topography The territory of the Marind tribe consists of a low-lying, deposited coastal area. This area is for the most part flooded in the wet season. The hinterland, which is situated somewhat higher, is intersected by a great number of rivers. Originally, either sago or coconut palm trees were planted, though stretches of bamboo could also be found. Culture Mostly during the 20th century, Marind culture underwent major changes. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
