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Librarianship And Human Rights
Librarianship and human rights in the U.S. are linked by the philosophy and practice of library and information professionals supporting the rights enumerated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), particularly the established rights to information, knowledge and free expression. The American Library Association (ALA), the national voice of the profession in the United States, has developed statements, policiesand initiatives supporting human rights by affirming intellectual freedom, privacy and confidentiality, and the rights of all people to access library services and resources on an equitable basis. The daily work of librarians contributes to the personal growth, enrichment, and capabilities of individuals, which is considered to be an integral approach to advancing human rights. Librarians, both individually and collectively, have a long history of engagement with human rights issues as they pertain to libraries and the communities they serve: against censorship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Declaration Of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the Human rights, rights and freedoms of all human beings. Drafted by a UN Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, committee chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, it was accepted by the General Assembly as United Nations General Assembly Resolution 217, Resolution 217 during Third session of the United Nations General Assembly, its third session on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the 58 members of the United Nations at the time, 48 voted in favour, none against, eight abstentions, abstained, and two did not vote. A foundational text in the History of human rights, history of human and civil rights, the Declaration consists of 30 articles detailing an individual's "basic rights and fundamental freedoms" and affirming their universal character as inherent, inalienable, and applicable to all human beings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Of The Press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic Media (communication), media, especially publication, published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely. Such freedom implies the absence of interference from an overreaching State (polity), state; its preservation may be sought through a constitution or other legal protection and security. It is in opposition to paid press, where communities, police organizations, and governments are paid for their copyrights. Without respect to governmental information, any government may distinguish which materials are public or protected from disclosure to the public. State materials are protected due to either one of two reasons: the classified information, classification of information as sensitive, classified, or secret, or the relevance of the information to protecting the national interest. Many governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of the United States, United States Constitution that would explicitly prohibit sex discrimination. It is not currently a part of the Constitution, though its Ratification#Ratification in the United States Constitution, ratification status has long been debated. It was written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman and first introduced in Congress in December 1923. With the rise of the Second-wave feminism in the United States, women's movement in the United States during the 1960s, the ERA garnered increasing support, and, after being reintroduced by Representative Martha Griffiths in 1971, it was approved by the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives that year, and by the United States Senate, U.S. Senate in 1972, thus submitting the ERA to the State legislature (United States), state legislatures for ratification, as provided by Article Five of the United States Constitutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carla Hayden
Carla Diane Hayden (born August 10, 1952) is an American librarian who served as the 14th librarian of Congress. Hayden was both the first African American and the first woman to hold this post. Appointed in 2016, she was the first professional librarian to hold the post since 1974. In May 2025, she was dismissed from the post by President Donald Trump, with no explanation given. Hayden began her career at the Chicago Public Library, and earned a Ph.D. in library science from the University of Chicago. From 1993 until 2016, she was the CEO of Enoch Pratt Free Library in Baltimore, Maryland, and president of the American Library Association (ALA) from 2003 to 2004. During her presidency, she was the leading voice of the ALA in speaking out against provisions of the newly passed United States Patriot Act, which impacted public information services. In 2020, she was elected to the American Philosophical Society. Early life Hayden was born in Tallahassee, Florida, to Bruce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vivian G
Vivian may refer to: * Vivian (name), a given name and also a surname Places * Vivian, Louisiana, U.S. * Vivian, South Dakota, U.S. * Vivian, West Virginia, U.S. * Vivian Island, Nunavut, Canada * Ballantrae, Ontario, a hamlet in Stouffville, Ontario, formerly known as Vivian Other * ''Vivian'' (album), an album by Vivian Green * Vivian (''Paper Mario''), a ''Paper Mario'' character * Vivian & Sons, a British metallurgical and chemicals business based at Hafod, in the lower Swansea valley * , an Empire F type coaster originally named ''Empire Farjeon'', in service in Greece from 1966-87 See also * Saint-Vivien (other) * Vivien (other) Vivien may refer to: * Vivien (name), variant spelling * Vivien, Western Australia, an abandoned town in Australia * , a British destroyer launched in 1918 and sold in 1947 for scrapping See also * Saint-Vivien (other) * Vivienne * ... * Viviana (other) * Vivianite, a mineral * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Moliner
Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial * 170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 * Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, dark basaltic plains on Earth's Moon Terrestrial *Maria, Maevatanana, Madagascar * Maria, Quebec, Canada * Maria, Siquijor, the Philippines * María, Spain, in Andalusia * Îles Maria, French Polynesia *María de Huerva, Aragon, Spain * Villa Maria (other) Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Maria'' (1947 film), Swedish film * ''Maria'' (1975 film), Swedish film * ''Maria'' (2003 film), Romanian film * ''Maria'' (2019 film), Filipino film * ''Maria'' (2021 film), Canadian film directed by Alec Pronovost *'' Being Maria'', 2024 French film released as ''Maria'' in France * ''Maria'' (2024 film), American film * ''Maria'' (Sinhala film), Sri Lankan upcoming film Literature * ''María'' (novel), an 1867 novel by Jorge Isaacs * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emily Wheelock Reed
Emily Wheelock Reed (1910 – May 19, 2000) was a librarian in Alabama who served as director of the Alabama Public Library Service Division during the civil rights movement. She stood up to segregationists seeking to remove books such as the 1958 Garth Williams children's book, '' The Rabbits' Wedding'', from state libraries. Early life, education, and career Emily Wheelock Reed was born in Asheville, North Carolina, in 1910. A year following her birth, her family moved to the Midwest, where she was raised and educated in Culver, Indiana. She received her undergraduate degree from Indiana University Bloomington in 1937, where she was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. She completed her library degree at the University of Michigan.Graham, P. (2002). ''A right to read : segregation and civil rights in Alabama's public libraries, 1900–1965'' (pages 102-112), Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002. Over the span of her career, Reed worked in various librarian capacities for nume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clara Breed
Clara Estelle Breed (March 19, 1906 – September 8, 1994) was an American librarian remembered chiefly for her support for Japanese American children during World War II. After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, many residents of California who were of Japanese descent were moved to remote Japanese American internment camps where they stayed until the end of the war. Breed kept in communication with many of the children who were sent to the camps, sending reading materials and visiting them regularly. She worked for the San Diego Public Library system for more than 40 years, including 25 years as city librarian. Early life and education Clara Breed was born in Fort Dodge, Iowa, in 1906. Her parents were Estelle Marie Potter and Reuben Leonard Breed, a Congregational minister. The family lived in New York and Illinois, before moving to San Diego in 1920 following the death of Reuben Breed. A 1923 graduate of San Diego High School and a 1927 graduate of Pomona C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Managerialism
Managerialism is the idea that professional managers should run organizations in line with organizational routines which produce controllable and measurable results. It applies the procedures of running a for-profit business to any organization, with an emphasis on control, accountability, measurement, strategic planning and the micromanagement of staff. Managerialists often justify it on the grounds of improving organizational efficiency, and management has become an academic discipline in its own right. Management scholars view management as a skill or unique style to be developed if one is to successfully manage an organisation. However, critics of the idea argue that managerialism is in fact a worldview similar to neoliberalism where each human is assumed to be an economically motivated homo economicus. New Public Management is one example of managerialism, where public services were reformed to be more 'businesslike', using quasi-market structures to manage areas su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The People's Library
The People's Library, also known as Fort Patti or the Occupy Wall Street Library (OWS Library), was a library founded in September 2011 by Occupy Wall Street protesters in lower Manhattan, Manhattan's Zuccotti Park located in the Financial District, Manhattan, Financial District of New York, NY, New York City. It was temporarily evicted when Zuccotti Park was cleared on November 15, 2011, during which time 5,554 books were thrown away by the New York City Police Department. In April 2013, the Government of New York City was ordered to pay $366,700 for the raid, which was found to have violated the protesters' First Amendment to the United States Constitution, First, Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment rights. History Founded shortly after Occupy Wall Street activists began protesting, the People's Library began with a cardboard box full of books which was left at Zuccotti Park ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Berninghausen
David K. Berninghausen (February 5, 1916 – April 12, 2001) was an American librarian, educator, and writer known for his work in library science education and his advocacy for intellectual freedom. He served as the director of the University of Minnesota's School of Library Science from 1953 to 1974 and as a professor there until his retirement in 1981. Early life and education Berninghausen was born in Beaman, Iowa, to Frederick W. and Lillian (Knipe) Berninghausen. He received a B.A. from Iowa State Teachers College in 1936, followed by a Bachelor of Library Science from Columbia University in 1941. He earned a master's degree from Drake University in 1943 and pursued additional studies at the University of North Carolina in 1944 and Harvard University from 1950 to 1951. Career Berninghausen began his professional career teaching English at high schools in Iowa before transitioning into academic librarianship. He served as director of libraries at Birmingham-Southern Colleg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicago Public Library
The Chicago Public Library (CPL) is the public library system that serves the Chicago, City of Chicago in the U.S. state of Illinois. It consists of 81 locations, including a central library, three regional libraries, and branches distributed throughout the city's Community areas of Chicago, 77 Community Areas. CPL was founded in 1872, in the wake of the Great Chicago Fire. The American Library Association reports that the library holds 5,721,334 Volume (bibliography), volumes, making it the ninth largest public library in the United States by volumes held, and the 30th largest academic or public library in the United States by volumes held. The Chicago Public Library is the second largest library system in Chicago by volumes held (the largest is the University of Chicago Library). The library is the second largest public library system in the Midwestern United States, Midwest, after the Detroit Public Library. Unlike many public libraries, CPL uses the Library of Congress Classif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
