Iodopleura
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Iodopleura
The purpletufts (''Iodopleura'') are a genus of birds in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. These relatively small, short-tailed birds are found in the of forests in tropical

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Tityridae
Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The 45 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae (''see Taxonomy''). As yet, no widely accepted common name exists for the family, although tityras and allies and tityras, mourners and allies have been used. They are small to medium-sized birds. Under current classification, the family ranges in size from the buff-throated purpletuft, at and , to the masked tityra, at up to and . Most have relatively short tails and large heads. Taxonomy and systematics The family Tityridae (as the subfamily Tityrinae) containing the genera ''Tityra'' and ''Pachyramphus'' was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840. Traditionally, the genus ''Laniocera'' was included in the family Tyrannidae, the genera ''Iodopleura'', '' Laniisoma'', '' Tityra'', ''Pachyramphus'' and '' Xenopsaris'' were included in the family Coting ...
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Buff-throated Purpletuft
The buff-throated purpletuft (''Iodopleura pipra'') is a small species of South American bird in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. It is to the in eastern



Buff-throated Purpletuft (3)
The buff-throated purpletuft (''Iodopleura pipra'') is a small species of South American bird in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. It is to the in eastern

Buff-throated Purpletuft
The buff-throated purpletuft (''Iodopleura pipra'') is a small species of South American bird in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. It is to the in eastern

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Iodopleura Fusca - Dusky Purpletuft
The purpletufts (''Iodopleura'') are a genus of birds in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. These relatively small, short-tailed birds are found in the canopy of forests in tropical

picture info

Iodopleura
The purpletufts (''Iodopleura'') are a genus of birds in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. These relatively small, short-tailed birds are found in the of forests in tropical

Dusky Purpletuft
The dusky purpletuft (''Iodopleura fusca'') is a small South American species of bird in the family Tityridae. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae,Adopt the Family Tityridae
- South American Classification Committee (2007) where now placed by SACC. Most of its distribution is in lowland forests in , but it also occurs in far southeastern , and very loca ...
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Cotinga
The cotingas are a large family, Cotingidae, of suboscine passerine birds found in Central America and tropical South America. Cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges, that are primary frugivorous. They all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. They range in size from of the fiery-throated fruiteater (''Pipreola chlorolepidota'') up to of the Amazonian umbrellabird (''Cephalopterus ornatus''). Description Cotingas vary widely in social structure. There is a roughly 50/50 divide in the family between species with biparental care, and those in which the males play no part in raising the young. The purple-throated fruitcrow lives in mixed-sex groups in which one female lays an egg and the others help provide insects to the chick. In cotinga species where only the females care for the eggs and young, the males have striking courtship displays, often grouped together in leks. Such sexual selection results in the males of these species, including ...
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René Primevère Lesson
René (''born again'' or ''reborn'' in French) is a common first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys. In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names). René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th. Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016. René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988. Persons with the given name * René, Duke of Anjou (1409–1480), titular king of Naples ...
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Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ...
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South American Classification Committee
The American Ornithological Society (AOS) is an ornithological organization based in the United States. The society was formed in October 2016 by the merger of the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) and the Cooper Ornithological Society. Its members are primarily professional ornithologists, although membership is open to anyone with an interest in birds. The society publishes the two scholarly journals, ''The Auk'' and '' The Condor'' as well as the ''AOS Checklist of North American Birds''. In 2013, the American Ornithologists' Union announced a close partnership with the Cooper Ornithological Society, including joint meetings, a centralized publishing office, and a refocusing of their respective journals to increase efficiency of research. In October 2016, the AOU announced that it was ceasing to operate as an independent union and was merging with the Cooper Ornithological Society to create the American Ornithological Society. History The American Ornithologists' Unio ...
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Canopy (biology)
In biology, the canopy is the aboveground portion of a plant cropping or crop, formed by the collection of individual plant crowns. In forest ecology, canopy also refers to the upper layer or habitat zone, formed by mature tree crowns and including other biological organisms ( epiphytes, lianas, arboreal animals, etc.). The communities that inhabit the canopy layer are thought to be involved in maintaining forest diversity, resilience, and functioning. Sometimes the term canopy is used to refer to the extent of the outer layer of leaves of an individual tree or group of trees. Shade trees normally have a dense canopy that blocks light from lower growing plants. Observation Early observations of canopies were made from the ground using binoculars or by examining fallen material. Researchers would sometimes erroneously rely on extrapolation by using more reachable samples taken from the understory. In some cases, they would use unconventional methods such as chairs susp ...
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