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Hydroxy Acids
Hydroxycarboxylic acids are carboxylic acids containing one or more Hydroxy group, hydroxy (Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol) functional groups. They are of particular interest because several are bioactive and some are useful precursors to polyesters. The inventory is large. Important or common examples *Glycolic acid, , the parent hydroxycarboxylic acid, precursor to laquers *Hydroxypropionic acids, e.g., (lactic acid), component of milk. chiral *Hydroxybutyric acids, (beta-Hydroxybutyric acid), carbon-storage compound *Citric acid, , energy-carrying compound and iron-chelator *Salicylic acid, , precursor to aspirin *Ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxy-9-''cis''-octadecenoic acid)), a major component of the seed oil obtained from castor plant *Common amino acids: **Serine (2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid), **Threonine **Tyrosine, {{chem2, 4\sHOC6H4CH2CH(NH2)CO2H *Aldonic acids are Sugar acid, sugar acids with the general chemical formula, HO2C(CHOH)nCH2OH. **Gluconic acid, a particularly c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carboxylic Acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group () attached to an Substituent, R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as or , sometimes as with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion. Examples and nomenclature Carboxylic acids are commonly identified by their trivial names. They often have the suffix ''-ic acid''. IUPAC-recommended names also exist; in this system, carboxylic acids have an ''-oic acid'' suffix. For example, butyric acid () is butanoic acid by IUPAC guidelines. For nomenclature of complex molecules containing a carboxylic acid, the carboxyl can be considered position one of the parent chain even if there are other substituents, such as 3-chloropropanoic acid. Alternately, it can be named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
