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Flavobacteria
The class Flavobacteriia is composed of a single order of environmental bacteria. According to Bernardet ''et al''., Flavobacteriia are Gram-negative aerobic rods, 2–5 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide, with rounded or tapered ends that are motile by gliding, yellow (cream to orange) colonies on agar, decompose several polysaccharides but not cellulose, G+C contents of 32–37%, and are widely distributed in soil and fresh and seawater habitats. In particular, Flavobacteriia are prominent members of marine biofilms. The type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ... ''Flavobacterium aquatile'' was isolated from a well in Kent, England. Flavobacteriia are a group of commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavobacteriales
The order Flavobacteriales comprises several families of environmental bacteria. Comparative genomics and molecular signatures ''Flavobacteriales'' is of one of the orders from the phylum ''Bacteroidota''. Comparative genomic studies have identified several conserved indels, as well as 27 proteins that are uniquely shared by different sequenced Flavobacteriales and Bacteroidota species supporting this inference. Additionally, these studies have also identified 38 proteins that seem to be specific for the species from the order ''Flavobacteriales''. Of these proteins, 26 were present in all sequenced species, while the remaining 12 were missing in only one or two species. These signature proteins provide potential molecular markers for this order. Several proteins have also been identified which are unique to the ''Flavobacteriales'' and ''Bacteroidales'' orders, indicating the species from these two orders shared a common ancestor exclusive of other ''Bacteroidota''. Phylogeny T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavobacteria
The class Flavobacteriia is composed of a single order of environmental bacteria. According to Bernardet ''et al''., Flavobacteriia are Gram-negative aerobic rods, 2–5 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide, with rounded or tapered ends that are motile by gliding, yellow (cream to orange) colonies on agar, decompose several polysaccharides but not cellulose, G+C contents of 32–37%, and are widely distributed in soil and fresh and seawater habitats. In particular, Flavobacteriia are prominent members of marine biofilms. The type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ... ''Flavobacterium aquatile'' was isolated from a well in Kent, England. Flavobacteriia are a group of commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica
''Elizabethkingia meningoseptica'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium widely distributed in nature (e.g. fresh water, salt water, or soil). It may be normally present in fish and frogs; it may be isolated from chronic infectious states, as in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients. In 1959, American bacteriologist Elizabeth O. King (who isolated ''Kingella kingae'' in 1960) was studying unclassified bacteria associated with pediatric meningitis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, when she isolated an organism (CDC group IIa) that she named ''Flavobacterium meningosepticum'' (''Flavobacterium'' means "the yellow bacillus" in Latin; ''meningosepticum'' likewise means "associated with meningitis and sepsis"). In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus ''Chryseobacterium'' and renamed ''Chryseobacterium meningosepticum''(''chryseos'' = "golden" in Greek, so ''Chryseobacterium'' means a golden/yellow rod similar to ''Flavobacterium''). In 2005, a 16S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Cold Water Disease
Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish. It is caused by the bacterium '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' (previously classified in the genus ''Cytophaga''), a psychrophilic, gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. This bacterium is found in fresh waters with the optimal growth temperature below 13°C, and it can be seen in any area with water temperatures consistently below 15°C. Salmon are the most commonly affected species. This disease is not zoonotic. Asymptomatic carrier fish and contaminated water provide reservoirs for disease. Transmission is mainly via horizontal gene transfer, but vertical transmission can also occur. BCWD may be referred to by a number of other names including cold water disease, peduncle disease, fit rot, tail rot and rainbow trout fry mortality syndrome. Causes and Symptoms 250px, The sweetfish which was infected with cold water disease Fish infected with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Agar
An agar plate is a Petri dish that contains a growth medium solidified with agar, used to Microbiological culture, culture microorganisms. Sometimes selective compounds are added to influence growth, such as antibiotics. Individual microorganisms placed on the plate will grow into individual colony (biology), colonies, each a cloning, clone genetically identical to the individual ancestor organism (except for the low, unavoidable rate of mutation). Thus, the plate can be used either to estimate the concentration of organisms in a Microbiological culture, liquid culture or a suitable dilution of that culture using a colony counter, or to generate genetically pure cultures from a mixed culture of genetically different organisms. Several methods are available to plate out cells. One technique is known as "Streaking (microbiology), streaking". In this technique, a drop of the culture on the end of a thin, sterilization (microbiology), sterile loop of wire, sometimes known as an inocu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prokaryotic Names With Standing In Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC) governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea.P. H. A. Sneath, 2003. A short hist .... The database was curated from 1997 to June 2013 by Jean P. Euzéby. From July 2013 to January 2020, LPSN was curated by Aidan C. Parte. In February 2020, a new version of LPSN was published as a service of the Leibniz Institute DSMZ, thereby also integrating the Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-date service. References External links List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class ( la, classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order. History The class as a distinct rank of biological classification having its own distinctive name (and not just called a ''top-level genus'' ''(genus summum)'') was first introduced by the French botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort in his classification of plants that appeared in his ''Eléments de botanique'', 1694. Insofar as a general definition of a class is available, it has historically been conceived as embracing taxa that combine a distinct ''grade'' of organization—i.e. a 'level of complexity', measured in terms of how differentiated their organ systems are into distinct regions or sub-organs—with a distinct ''type'' of construction, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavobacterium Psychrophilum
''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' is a psychrophilic, gram-negative bacterial rod (3-5 µm in length), belonging to the Bacteroidota. It is the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) and was first isolated in 1948 during a die-off in the salmonid '' Oncorhychus kisutch''.Starliper, C. E. (2011). Bacterial coldwater disease of fishes caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Journal of Advanced Research, 2(2), 97-108. Characteristics ''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' is a gram-negative bacteria ranging in size of 0.75-1.0 µm wide by 3-5 µm long. It is found in cold, fresh waters with an optimal growth temperature below 16C.Hesami, S., Metcalf, D. S., Lumsden, J. S., & MacInnes, J. I. (2011). Identification of Cold-Temperature-Regulated Genes in Flavobacterium psychrophilum . Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(5), 1593–1600. doi:10.1128/AEM.01717-10 When grown on Cytophaga Agar, ''F. psychrophilum'' produces bright yellow colonies with thin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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