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Fabii Maximi
The gens Fabia was one of the most ancient patrician (ancient Rome), patrician families at ancient Rome. The gens played a prominent part in history soon after the establishment of the Roman Republic, Republic, and three brothers were invested with seven successive Roman consul, consulships, from 485 to 479 BC, thereby cementing the high repute of the family. Overall, the Fabii received 45 consulships during the Republic. The house derived its greatest lustre from the patriotic courage and tragic fate of the 306 Fabii in the Battle of the Cremera, 477 BC. But the Fabii were not distinguished as warriors alone; several members of the gens were also important in the history of Latin literature, Roman literature and the arts.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 131 ("s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Fabia gens, Fabia Gens").Homo, pp. 7 ''ff''.Smith, ''The Roman Clan'', pp. 290 ''ff''. Background The family is generally th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N26FabiusCunctator
N, or n, is the fourteenth Letter (alphabet), letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the English alphabet, modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide. Its name in English is English alphabet#Letter names, ''en'' (pronounced ), plural ''ens''. History One of the most common Egyptian hieroglyphs, hieroglyphs, snake, was used in Egyptian language, Egyptian writing to stand for a sound like the English , because the Egyptian word for "snake" was ''djet''. It is speculated by some, such as archeologist Douglas Petrovich, that Semitic languages, Semitic speakers working in Egypt adapted hieroglyphs to create the first alphabet. Some hold that they used the same snake symbol to represent N, with a great proponent of this theory being Alan Gardiner, because their word for "snake" may have begun with n (an example of a possible word being ''nahash''). However, this theory has become disputed. The name for the letter in the Phoe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Tribes
A ''tribus'', or tribe, was a division of the Roman people for military, censorial, and voting purposes. When constituted in the '' comitia tributa'', the tribes were the voting units of a legislative assembly of the Roman Republic.''Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature and Antiquities'',Tribus. According to tradition, the first three tribes were established by Romulus; each was divided into ten ''curiae'', or wards, which were the voting units of the '' comitia curiata''. Although the curiae continued throughout Roman history, the three original tribes that they constituted gradually vanished from history. Perhaps influenced by the original division of the people into tribes, as well as the number of thirty wards, Servius Tullius established four tribes dividing Rome and various over the countryside, which later became seventeen rural tribes. After the formation of the republic, these tribes were assembled into a popular assembly called the ''comitia tributa''. As the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atilia Gens
The gens Atilia, sometimes written Atillia, was a plebs, plebeian family at ancient Rome, which rose to prominence at the beginning of the fourth century BC. The first member of this gens to attain the Roman consul, consulship was Marcus Atilius Regulus Calenus, Marcus Atilius Regulus, in 335 BC. The Atilii continued to hold the highest offices of the state throughout the history of the Roman Republic, Republic, and well into Roman Empire, imperial times.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 405 ("s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Atilia gens, Atilia Gens"). Origin Chase classifies the nomen ''Atilius'' with a small group of Nomen gentilicium, gentilicia probably formed from praenomen, praenomina ending in ' using the suffix ', a morphology common in names of Latin origin.Chase, p. 125. The root might then be a praenomen ''Atius'', otherwise unknown, although there was a Sabines, Sabine praenomen ''Attius''. Praenomina The A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princeps Senatus
The ''princeps senatus'' ( ''principes senatus''), in English the leader of the senate, was the first member by precedence on the membership rolls of the Roman Senate. Although officially out of the ''cursus honorum'' and possessing no ''imperium'', this office conferred prestige on the senator holding it. The position was created in the first half of the third century BC and retained its prominence for two centuries. The ''principes'' were often the most famous Roman politicians of the period, such Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, Scipio Africanus, and Marcus Aemilius Scaurus. It lost its importance after the reforms of the dictator Sulla in 82–80 BC, but might have been temporarily restored for Cicero, its possible last incumbent during the struggle between Mark Antony and the Senate in 43 BC. The Roman emperors merged the ''princeps senatus''' prerogatives with their own, although there are occasional mentions of distinctive principes during the later Empire. History The ''p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflict Of The Orders
The Conflict of the Orders or the Struggle of the Orders was a political struggle between the plebeians (commoners) and patricians (aristocrats) of the ancient Roman Republic lasting from 500 BC to 287 BC in which the plebeians sought political equality with the patricians. It played a major role in the development of the Constitution of the Roman Republic. Shortly after the founding of the Republic, this conflict led to a secession from Rome by the Plebeians to the Sacred Mount at a time of war. The result of this first secession was the creation of the office of plebeian tribune, and with it the first acquisition of real power by the plebeians. At first, only patricians were allowed to stand for election to political office, but over time these laws were revoked, and eventually all offices were opened to the plebeians. Since most individuals who were elected to political office were given membership in the Roman Senate, this development helped to transform the Senate from a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Licinia Gens
The gens Licinia was a celebrated plebeian family at ancient Rome, which appears from the earliest days of the Republic until imperial times, and which eventually obtained the imperial dignity. The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Gaius Licinius Calvus Stolo, who, as tribune of the plebs from 376 to 367 BC, prevented the election of any of the annual magistrates, until the patricians acquiesced to the passage of the ''lex Licinia Sextia'', or Licinian Rogations. This law, named for Licinius and his colleague, Lucius Sextius, opened the consulship for the first time to the plebeians. Licinius himself was subsequently elected consul in 364 and 361 BC, and from this time, the Licinii became one of the most illustrious gentes in the Republic.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 782 (" Licinia Gens"). Origin The nomen ''Licinius'' is derived from the cognomen ''Licinus'', or "upturned", found in a number of Roman gentes.Chase, p. 109. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genucia Gens
The gens Genucia was a prominent family of the Roman Republic. It was probably of patrician origin, but most of the Genucii appearing in history were plebeian. The first of the Genucii to hold the consulship was Titus Genucius Augurinus in 451 BC.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 245 (" Genucia Gens"). Origin The Genucii have traditionally been regarded as a gens with both patrician and plebeian branches, in part because they held consulships in 451 and 445 BC, when the office is generally supposed to have been closed to the plebeians. But in support of the argument that Titus Genucus Augurinus, the consul of 451, was a plebeian, it has been noted that several other consuls in the decades preceding the decemvirate bore names that in later times were regarded as plebeian. Further, Diodorus Siculus gives the consul's name as ''Minucius''. But Livy, Dionysius, and the Capitoline Fasti all give ''Genucius'', and the same man is supposed to ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poetelia Gens
The gens Poetelia or Poetilia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned in the time of the Decemvirs, and from thence down to the Second Punic War, they regularly held the chief magistracies of the Roman state. After this, however, they fade into obscurity, and are only occasionally mentioned. The nomen ''Poetelius'' is sometimes confused with '' Petillius'', and can be found with either a single or double 'l'.Dionysius, x. 58.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 435 (" Poetelia Gens"). Branches and cognomina The only distinct family of the Poetelii is ''Libo'', a sprinkler, probably referring to one who pours libations during a sacrifice. Most of this family also bore the surname ''Visolus''. Livy refers to the consul of 360 BC as Gaius Poetelius ''Balbus'', but other sources refer to him as ''Libo''. Members * Quintus Poetelius Libo Visolus, one of the plebeian members of the second decemvirate, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clusium
Clusium (, ''Klýsion'', or , ''Kloúsion''; Umbrian language, Umbrian:''Camars'') was an ancient city in Italy, one of several found at the same site overlapping the current municipality of Chiusi (Tuscany). The Roman city remodeled an earlier Etruscan civilization, Etruscan city, Clevsin, found in the territory of a prehistoric culture, possibly also Etruscan or proto-Etruscan. The site is located in northern central Italy on the west side of the Apennine Mountains, Apennines. Location Chiusi is situated on a hill above the valley of the Chiana (river), Clanis river near lake Clusium, both of which features had those names in antiquity. The Clanis is part of the Tiber drainage system and was navigable by boat from there. Rome was also accessed by the via Cassia, which was built over an Etruscan road. Etruscan history By the time it appears in Livy's ''History'', it is already a major Etruscan civilization, Etruscan city being petitioned for assistance against the republican par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quintus Fabius Ambustus (tribune)
Quintus Fabius Ambustus (flourished early 4th century BC) was a military leader of the Roman Republic, and the son of Marcus Fabius Ambustus. In 390 BC, when his father was pontifex maximus, he and his two brothers, Numerius and Caeso, were sent as emissaries to a Gaulish army besieging Clusium. Instead of entering into negotiations, however, the three Fabii gathered their forces and aided the citizens of Clusium in an attack against the Gauls, in which Quintus Fabius himself was said to have killed one of the Gaulish leaders. Outraged, the Gauls demanded that the senate hand over the three brothers for violating "the law of nations". Instead, all three were honored by election as consular tribunes. Further incensed, the Gauls marched on Rome, defeated the Roman Army in the Battle of the Allia, and sacked the city. In 389 BC he was supposed to have been prosecuted for his actions at Clusium, but died before the trial could take place. Many scholars believe the entire story of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Allia
The Battle of the Allia was fought between the Senones – a Gauls, Gallic tribe led by Brennus (leader of the Senones), Brennus, who had invaded Northern Italy – and the Roman Republic. The battle was fought at the confluence of the Tiber River and Allia, Allia brook, 11 Mile#Roman mile, Roman miles (16 km, 10 mi) north of Rome. The Romans were routed and subsequently #Sack, Rome was sacked by the Senones. According to scholar Piero Treves, "the absence of any archaeological evidence for a destruction-level of this date suggests that [this] sack of Rome was superficial only." The date of the battle has been traditionally given as 390 BC in the Varronian chronology, based on an account of the battle by the Roman historian Livy. Plutarch noted that the battle took place "just after the summer solstice when the moon was near the full [...] a little more than three hundred and sixty years from the founding [of Rome]," or shortly after 393 BC.Plut. Cam. 19. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gauls
The Gauls (; , ''Galátai'') were a group of Celts, Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age Europe, Iron Age and the Roman Gaul, Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They spoke Gaulish, a continental Celtic language. The Gauls emerged around the 5th century BC as bearers of La Tène culture north and west of the Alps. By the 4th century BC, they were spread over much of what is now France, Belgium, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Austria, and the Czech Republic, by virtue of controlling the trade routes along the river systems of the Rhône, Seine, Rhine, and Danube. They reached the peak of their power in the 3rd century BC. During the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, the Gauls expanded into Northern Italy (Cisalpine Gaul), leading to the Roman–Gallic wars, and Gallic invasion of the Balkans, into the Balkans, leading to Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC), war with the Greeks. These latter Gauls eventually settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
