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Esperanto Culture
Esperanto culture refers to the shared cultural experience of the Esperantujo, or Esperanto-speaking community. Despite being a constructed language, Esperanto has a history dating back to the late 19th century, and shared socio-cultural norms have developed among its speakers. Some of these can be traced back to the initial ideas of the language's creator, L. L. Zamenhof, Ludwig Zamenhof, including the theory that a global second language would foster international communication. Others have developed over time, as the language has allowed different national and linguistic cultures to blend together. Some Esperanto speakers have also researched the language's ideologies. Esperanto culture also includes art, literature, and music, as well as international celebrations and cultural exchanges such as the Pasporta Servo. Native speakers Native Esperanto speakers are people who have acquired Esperanto as one of their native languages. As of 1996, there were 350 or so attested cases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esperantujo
Esperantujo () or Esperantio () is the Esperanto community; the community of speakers of the Esperanto language and their Esperanto culture, culture, as well as the places and institutions where the language is used. The term is used "as if it were a country." Although it does not occupy its own area of Earth's surface, it can be said to constitute the 120 countries which have their own national Esperanto association. Etymology and terminology The word is formed analogously to country names. In Esperanto, the names of countries were traditionally formed from the ethnic name of their inhabitants plus the suffix ''-ujo''. For example, "France" was , from (a Frenchman). The term analogous to ''Francujo'' would be ''Esperantistujo'' (Esperantist-nation). However, that would convey the idea of the physical body of people, whereas using the name of the language as the basis of the word gives it the more abstract connotation of a cultural sphere. Currently, names of nation states ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (, ; 15 January 1622 (baptised) – 17 February 1673), known by his stage name Molière (, , ), was a French playwright, actor, and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the French language and world literature. His extant works include comedies, farces, tragicomedies, comédie-ballets, and more. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed at the Comédie-Française more often than those of any other playwright today. His influence is such that the French language is often referred to as the "language of Molière". Born into a prosperous family and having studied at the Collège de Clermont (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Molière was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Thirteen years as an itinerant actor helped him polish his comedic abilities while he began writing, combining Commedia dell'arte elements with the more refined French comedy. Through the patronage of aristocrats including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incubus (1965 Film)
''Incubus'' ( eo, Inkubo) is a 1966 American horror film directed by Leslie Stevens. Filmed entirely in the constructed language Esperanto, the film stars William Shatner, shortly before he would begin his work on '' Star Trek''. The film's cinematography was by Conrad Hall, who went on to win three Academy Awards for his work on the films '' Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'', '' American Beauty'', and ''Road to Perdition''. ''Incubus'' was the second feature film to use Esperanto, following the 1964 film '' Angoroj''. The use of Esperanto was intended to create an eerie, otherworldly feeling, and Stevens prohibited dubbing the film into other languages; however, on the ''Special Features'' section of the DVD the makers claim that Esperanto was used because of perceived greater international sales. Esperanto speakers are generally disappointed by the pronunciation of the language by the cast of ''Incubus''. The film was considered to be lost for many years, until a copy wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angoroj
''Angoroj'' (''Agonies'') is a 1964 film. It is the first feature film to be produced entirely in Esperanto. It was directed and produced by Jacques-Louis Mahé, a friend of Raymond Schwartz who, under the pseudonym 'Lorjak', had previously produced a silent Esperanto publicity film before World War II titled ''Antaŭen!'' (''Onwards!''). Overview At the start of the 1960s Mahé, a professional photographic and cinematic expert, invested in the production of the first fictional film in Esperanto. Using a scenario by Mahé himself, the actors of the Internacia Arta Teatro (International Arts Theatre) presented a crime story, set in the Parisian periphery of petty thieves and cheats. Other notable people who played parts in the film included Schwartz (the commissioner), Gaston Waringhien (the voice-over) and many from the environs of the contemporary Paris, including Michel Duc-Goninaz. Production The film was produced from 1963 to 1964, but the market did not react favou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Vatican
Vatican Radio ( it, Radio Vaticana; la, Statio Radiophonica Vaticana) is the official broadcasting service of Vatican City. Established in 1931 by Guglielmo Marconi, today its programs are offered in 47 languages, and are sent out on short wave, DRM, medium wave, FM, satellite and the Internet. Since its inception, Vatican Radio has been maintained by the Jesuit Order. Vatican Radio preserved its independence during the rise of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Today, programming is produced by over 200 journalists located in 61 countries. Vatican Radio produces more than 42,000 hours of simultaneous broadcasting covering international news, religious celebrations, in-depth programs, and music. The current general director is Father Federico Lombardi, S.J. On 27 June 2015, Pope Francis, in a ''motu proprio'' apostolic letter, established the Secretariat for Communications in the Roman Curia, which absorbed Vatican Radio effective 1 January 2017, ending the organization's 85 ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Polonia
Radio Poland (until January 2007 as Radio Polonia, later "Polish Radio External Service" ( pl, Polskie Radio dla Zagranicy), in Polish legislation also named as Polskie Radio Program V) is the official international broadcasting station of Poland. Radio Poland is a part of Poland’s public radio network - Polish Radio. Its aim is to broadcast programs on developments in Poland, Polish foreign policy, the economy, business and foreign investments. Polish Radio External Service provides objective and impartial information about Poland and its stance on international affairs. It shows Polish society, its daily life as well as scientific and cultural achievements. Polish Radio External Service ended their English language shortwave broadcasts in 2012 and announced that they would be ceasing all shortwave transmissions on 27 October 2013, from which point they will only be broadcasting over the internet and through partnerships such as the World Radio Network. History *1936 – P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Habana Cuba
Radio Havana Cuba ( es, Radio Habana Cuba, RHC) is the official government-run international broadcasting station of Cuba. It can be heard in many parts of the world including the United States on shortwave frequencies. Radio Havana, along with Radio Rebelde, Cubavision Television and other Cuban radio and television broadcasts to North, Central and South America via free-to-air programming from the Hispasat 30W-6 satellite over the Atlantic Ocean and via Internet streaming. Early history (1960s–1980s) Although RHC was officially inaugurated in May 1961, the idea of an international Cuban radio station was born in the Sierra Maestra mountains during the final stage of the fight against Fulgencio Batista. After the creation of Radio Rebelde by Ernesto 'Che' Guevara in February 1958, the leadership of the guerrilla movement began to analyze the possibility of creating a radio station after achieving final victory. This station would be able to communicate news about the Cuban Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Radio International
China Radio International (CRI) is the state-owned international radio broadcaster of China. It is currently headquartered in the Babaoshan area of Beijing's Shijingshan District. It was founded on December 3, 1941, as Radio Peking. It later adopted the pinyin form Radio Beijing. CRI states that it "endeavours to promote favourable relations between the PRC and the world" while upholding the PRC's official positions. As with other nations' external broadcasters such as Voice of America, BBC World Service and Radio Australia, CRI claims to "play a significant role in the PRC's soft power strategy" and Go Out policy, aiming to expand the influence of Chinese culture and media in a global stage. CRI attempts to employ new media to compete with other international media. Unlike other broadcasters, CRI's control via indirect majority ownership or financial support of radio stations in various nations is not publicly disclosed. CRI is presently the international radio arm of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esperanto Music
A number of musical works are available in the Esperanto language. The phrase "Esperanto music" is sometimes used to include music which is about Esperanto. Classical music * Lou Harrison, who incorporated styles and instruments from many world cultures in his music, used Esperanto titles and/or texts in several of his works, most notably ''La Koro-Sutro'' (1973). * David Gaines used Esperanto texts for his ''Symphony No. 1 (Esperanto)'' for mezzo-soprano and orchestra (1994–98) and ''Povas plori mi ne plu'' (''I Can Cry No Longer'') for unaccompanied SATB choir (1994). * Montagu C. Butler * The opera ''Sternenhoch'' by Ivan Acher is sung in Esperanto. Musicians, singers and bands * Dolchamar * Jean-Marc Leclercq (JoMo) * Jonny M, a reggae and rap music singer-songwriter * Kim J. Henriksen * Kajto * La Perdita Generacio * Merlin * Martin & La Talpoj * Persone Songs * "La Espero" * 3000 songs in Songwiki Music companies and publishers * ESP-Disk * Vinilkosmo * F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Esperanto Magazines
Esperanto periodicals have been an important element of the Esperanto movement since its beginning because it was one of the only practical ways the language could be used between conferences. The first Esperanto periodical was ''La Esperantisto'', published from 1889 to 1895, and the second was '' Lingvo Internacia'', published from 1895 to 1914. Hundreds of magazines have been published in Esperanto since then. This is an incomplete list. Current * ''Ateismo'' (English: ''Atheism''), atheist publication * ''Aŭroro'' (''Aurora''), a Czech Republic-based publication for the blind, written in Esperanto Braille * ''Aveno'' (''Oat'') * ''Beletra Almanako'' (''Belles-Lettres Almanac''), a three-times-a-year periodical of Esperanto ''belles-lettres'' * ''Dia Regno'' (''God's Kingdom''), Protestant publication * ''Dio Benu'' (''God Bless''), Catholic publication * ''Esperanto'', a monthly publication of the Universal Esperanto Association * ''Esperantologio'' (''Esperantology'') * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, movies/videos, moving images, and millions of books. In addition to its archiving function, the Archive is an activist organization, advocating a free and open Internet. , the Internet Archive holds over 35 million books and texts, 8.5 million movies, videos and TV shows, 894 thousand software programs, 14 million audio files, 4.4 million images, 2.4 million TV clips, 241 thousand concerts, and over 734 billion web pages in the Wayback Machine. The Internet Archive allows the public to upload and download digital material to its data cluster, but the bulk of its data is collected automatically by its web crawlers, which work to preserve as much of the public web as possible. Its web archiving, web archive, the Wayback Machine, contains hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mein Kampf
(; ''My Struggle'' or ''My Battle'') is a 1925 autobiographical manifesto by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler. The work describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. Volume 1 of was published in 1925 and Volume 2 in 1926. The book was edited first by Emil Maurice, then by Hitler's deputy Rudolf Hess. Hitler began while imprisoned following his failed coup in Munich in November 1923 and a trial in February 1924 for high treason, in which he received a sentence of five years. Although he received many visitors initially, he soon devoted himself entirely to the book. As he continued, he realized that it would have to be a two-volume work, with the first volume scheduled for release in early 1925. The governor of Landsberg noted at the time that "he itlerhopes the book will run into many editions, thus enabling him to fulfill his financial obligations and to defray the expenses incurred at the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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