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Erythroxylum
''Erythroxylum'' is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine,Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. ''Journal of ethnopharmacology''. 2006; 103: 439-447. and two of the species within this genus, '' Erythroxylum coca'' and '' Erythroxylum novogranatense'', both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, '' Erythroxylum vaccinifolium'' (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine. '' Erythroxylum australe'' was traditionally used by Australian Aborigines for rites and other practices. ''Erythroxylum'' species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including several '' Morpho'' species and '' Dalcera abrasa'', which has been recorded on ''E. deciduum'', and the species of '' Agri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Alaternifolium
''Erythroxylum'' is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine,Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. ''Journal of ethnopharmacology''. 2006; 103: 439-447. and two of the species within this genus, '' Erythroxylum coca'' and '' Erythroxylum novogranatense'', both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, '' Erythroxylum vaccinifolium'' (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine. '' Erythroxylum australe'' was traditionally used by Australian Aborigines for rites and other practices. ''Erythroxylum'' species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including several '' Morpho'' species and '' Dalcera abrasa'', which has been recorded on ''E. deciduum'', and the species of '' Agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Tortuosum 2
''Erythroxylum'' is a genus of tropics, tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine,Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. ''Journal of ethnopharmacology''. 2006; 103: 439-447. and two of the species within this genus, ''Erythroxylum coca'' and ''Erythroxylum novogranatense'', both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, ''Erythroxylum vaccinifolium'' (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine. ''Erythroxylum australe'' was traditionally used by Australian Aborigines for rites and other practices. ''Erythroxylum'' species are food sources for the larvae of some Lepidoptera, butterflies and moths, including several ''Morpho (genus), Morpho'' species and ''Dalcera, Dalcera abrasa'', which has been recorded on ''E. d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Deciduum
''Erythroxylum'' is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine,Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. ''Journal of ethnopharmacology''. 2006; 103: 439-447. and two of the species within this genus, '' Erythroxylum coca'' and '' Erythroxylum novogranatense'', both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, '' Erythroxylum vaccinifolium'' (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine. '' Erythroxylum australe'' was traditionally used by Australian Aborigines for rites and other practices. ''Erythroxylum'' species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including several '' Morpho'' species and '' Dalcera abrasa'', which has been recorded on ''E. deciduum'', and the species of '' Agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Novogranatense
''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' is a neotropical species of ''Erythroxylum'' ( Erythroxylaceae). Cocaine is produced from the leaves. Name "Novogranatense" is derived from Latin: ''novo'' (new) and ''granatense'' (Granada). It was named by William Turner Thiselton-Dyer, the third director of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, because its country of origin was the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada—present day Colombia. Subspecies ''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' contains 2 subspecies: *''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' var. ''novogranatense'' (D.Morris) Hieron *''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' var. ''truxillense'' (Rusby) Plowman These two subspecies are phenotypically similar, but morphologically distinguishable. Taxonomy Among the genus ''Erythroxylum'', cocaine-rich leaves are obtained from 4 taxa: *'' Erythroxylum coca'' var. ''coca'' *''Erythroxylum coca'' var. '' ipadu'' *''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' var. ''novogranatense'' *''Erythroxylum novogranatense'' var. ''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Coca
''Erythroxylum coca'' is one of two species of cultivated coca. Description The coca plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of . The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the underside of the leaf. Coca plants are mainly found in Colombia. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries. Unlike ''Erythroxylum novogranatense'', ''Erythroxylum coca'' requires very acidic soil conditions. Soil acidity and water acidity need to be below pH 5.5, with the optimal value being pH 3.5, similar to that of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catuaba
The name Catuaba ( , via Portuguese language, Portuguese from Guarani language, Guarani) is used for the infusions of the Bark (botany), bark of a number of trees native to Brazil. The most widely used barks are derived from the trees ''Trichilia catigua'' and ''Erythroxylum vaccinifolium''. Other catuaba preparations use the bark of trees from the following genera or families: ''Anemopaegma'', ''Ilex'', ''Micropholis'', ''Phyllanthus'', ''Secondatia'', ''Tetragastris'' and species from the Myrtaceae. Local synonyms are Chuchuhuasha, Tatuaba, Pau de Reposta, Piratancara and Caramuru. It is often claimed that catuaba is derived from the tree ''Erythroxylum catuaba'', but this tree has been described only once, in 1904, and it is not known today to what tree this name referred. ''E. catuaba'' is therefore not a recognised species. Uses A commercial liquid preparation, Catuama, contains multiple ingredients, one of these being catuaba from ''Trichilia catigua'' (28.23%), in addi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
