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Cyphonautes
A cyphonautes is a larva of an ectoproct or bryozoan. It is triangular in profile with a heavily ciliated band called the corona at the base of the triangle and a sense organ at the apex (''cypho''-, bent; ''nautes'', sailor). The beating of coronal cilia propels the cyphonautes through the water and contributes to a feeding current. The cyphonautes is very thin, i.e. laterally compressed, and is bounded laterally by two valves or shell plates. The internal anatomy of the archetypical cyphonautes, such as the one featured in the life cycles of '' Membranipora'', includes a complete digestive tract with a stomach entrance near the apex and a hindgut ending in an anus near one end of the base. At the other end of the triangle's base is the pyriform organ, a heavily ciliated and glandular complex that functions in site selection at settlement. Much of the internal space in the cyphonautes is devoted to a funnel that, in ''Membranipora'''s long-lived feeding cyphonautes, is divid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyphonautes
A cyphonautes is a larva of an ectoproct or bryozoan. It is triangular in profile with a heavily ciliated band called the corona at the base of the triangle and a sense organ at the apex (''cypho''-, bent; ''nautes'', sailor). The beating of coronal cilia propels the cyphonautes through the water and contributes to a feeding current. The cyphonautes is very thin, i.e. laterally compressed, and is bounded laterally by two valves or shell plates. The internal anatomy of the archetypical cyphonautes, such as the one featured in the life cycles of '' Membranipora'', includes a complete digestive tract with a stomach entrance near the apex and a hindgut ending in an anus near one end of the base. At the other end of the triangle's base is the pyriform organ, a heavily ciliated and glandular complex that functions in site selection at settlement. Much of the internal space in the cyphonautes is devoted to a funnel that, in ''Membranipora'''s long-lived feeding cyphonautes, is divid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryozoa
Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of simple, aquatic invertebrate animals, nearly all living in sedentary colonies. Typically about long, they have a special feeding structure called a lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles used for filter feeding. Most marine bryozoans live in tropical waters, but a few are found in oceanic trenches and polar waters. The bryozoans are classified as the marine bryozoans (Stenolaemata), freshwater bryozoans (Phylactolaemata), and mostly-marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata), a few members of which prefer brackish water. 5,869living species are known. At least two genera are solitary (''Aethozooides'' and ''Monobryozoon''); the rest are colonial. The terms Polyzoa and Bryozoa were introduced in 1830 and 1831, respectively. Soon after it was named, another group of animals was discovered whose filtering mechanism looked similar, so it was included in Bryozoa until 1869, when the two groups were no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryozoa
Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of simple, aquatic invertebrate animals, nearly all living in sedentary colonies. Typically about long, they have a special feeding structure called a lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles used for filter feeding. Most marine bryozoans live in tropical waters, but a few are found in oceanic trenches and polar waters. The bryozoans are classified as the marine bryozoans (Stenolaemata), freshwater bryozoans (Phylactolaemata), and mostly-marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata), a few members of which prefer brackish water. 5,869living species are known. At least two genera are solitary (''Aethozooides'' and ''Monobryozoon''); the rest are colonial. The terms Polyzoa and Bryozoa were introduced in 1830 and 1831, respectively. Soon after it was named, another group of animals was discovered whose filtering mechanism looked similar, so it was included in Bryozoa until 1869, when the two groups were no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Membranipora
''Membranipora'' is a genus of bryozoans in the family Membraniporidae. A typical example is the widely distributed species ''Membranipora membranacea'' that commonly encrusts seaweeds, particularly fronds of the kelps ''Laminaria digitata'', ''L. hyperborea'', and ''Saccorhiza polyschides''. Colonies of ''M. membranacea'' show different forms of polyphenism as spines, tower zooids, chimneys and stolons. Reproduction The eggs of ''M. membranipora'' develop into planktonic cyphonautes larvae which is strongly triangular in outline and about 850μm x 600μm big. Species Species: *'' Membranipora aborescens'' *'' Membranipora aculeata'' *'' Membranipora acuminata'' *'' Membranipora acuum'' *'' Membranipora aedificata'' *'' Membranipora aequalis'' *'' Membranipora aftonensis'' *'' Membranipora aftonia'' *'' Membranipora albensis'' *'' Membranipora albida'' *'' Membranipora allita'' *'' Membranipora almerai'' *'' Membranipora alveolus'' *'' Membranipora ambigua'' *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larvae
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (''e.g.'' caterpillars and butterflies) including different unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form. Their diet may also be considerably different. Larvae are frequently adapted to different environments than adults. For example, some larvae such as tadpoles live almost exclusively in aquatic environments, but can live outside water as adult frogs. By living in a distinct environment, larvae may be given shelter from predators and reduce competition for resources with the adult population. Animals in the larval stage will consume food to fuel their transition into the adult form. In some organisms like polychaetes and barnacles, adults are immobil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entoprocta
Entoprocta (), or Kamptozoa , is a phylum of mostly sessile aquatic animals, ranging from long. Mature individuals are goblet-shaped, on relatively long stalks. They have a "crown" of solid tentacles whose cilia generate water currents that draw food particles towards the mouth, and both the mouth and anus lie inside the "crown". The superficially similar Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) have the anus outside a "crown" of hollow tentacles. Most families of entoprocts are colonial, and all but 2 of the 150 species are marine. A few solitary species can move slowly. Some species eject unfertilized ova into the water, while others keep their ova in brood chambers until they hatch, and some of these species use placenta-like organs to nourish the developing eggs. After hatching, the larvae swim for a short time and then settle on a surface. There they metamorphose, and the larval gut rotates by up to 180°, so that the mouth and anus face upwards. Both colonial and solitary species also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Actinotrocha
''Phoronis psammophila'' is a species of marine horseshoe worm in the phylum Phoronida. It lives in a tube projecting from the sea floor in shallow seas around the world. Description ''Phoronis psammophila'' constructs and lives in a rigid, chitinous tube about 10 cm long, incorporating sand grains and detritus. The extended worm is up to 19 centimetres long but it can contract down to about one fifth of this length. The body is pinkish and is divided into two sections. The anterior part, the mesosome, has a cavity, the mesocoel, that extends into the tentacles and keeps them rigid by hydrostatic pressure. The mesosome bears the lophophore, a specialist feeding structure which consists of a ring of up to 190 translucent tentacles arranged in a horseshoe-shape encircling the crescent-shaped mouth. The posterior and larger body section is the metasome and contains the metacoel. It is swollen at the base into an ampulla which may provide grip inside the tube. The gut is U-shape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoronid
Phoronids (scientific name Phoronida, sometimes called horseshoe worms) are a small phylum of marine animals that filter-feed with a lophophore (a "crown" of tentacles), and build upright tubes of chitin to support and protect their soft bodies. They live in most of the oceans and seas, including the Arctic Ocean but excluding the Antarctic Ocean, and between the intertidal zone and about 400 meters down. Most adult phoronids are 2 cm long and about 1.5 mm wide, although the largest are 50 cm long. The name of the group comes from its type genus: ''Phoronis''. Overview The bottom end of the body is an ampulla (a flask-like swelling), which anchors the animal in the tube and enables it to retract its body very quickly when threatened. When the lophophore is extended at the top of the body, cilia (little hairs) on the sides of the tentacles draw food particles to the mouth, which is inside and slightly to one side of the base of the lophophore. Unwanted mater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
