Curial I Güelfa
Curial may refer to: * one of the Curiales, a social class in ancient Rome * anything related to the Roman Curia * anything related to a royal court * a title character of ''Curial e Güelfa'' * Napoléon Joseph Curial (1809–1861), French peer and politician * Philibert Jean-Baptiste Curial Philibert-Jean-Baptiste François Joseph, comte Curial (21 April 1774 – 30 May 1829) was a general in the French Imperial Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Early life and career Curial was the son of François Joseph Curial (1740-1801) and his ...

Curiales
In ancient Rome, the ''curiales'' (from ''co + viria'', 'gathering of men') were initially the leading members of a gentes (clan) of the city of Rome. Their roles were both civil and sacred. Each ''gens curialis'' had a leader, called a ''curio.'' The whole arrangement of assemblies was presided over by the ''curio maximus''. History The Roman civic form was replicated in the towns and cities of the empire as they came under Roman control. By the Late Empire, ''curiales'' referred to the merchants, businessmen, and mid-level landowners who served in their local ''curia'' as local magistrates and decurions. ''Curiales'' were expected to procure funds for public building projects, temples, festivities, games, and local welfare systems. They would often pay for these expenses out of their own pocket, to gain prestige. From the mid-third century, this became an obligation, as Constantine I confiscated the cities' endowments, local taxes and dues, rent on city land and buildings. Ju ...
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Royal Court
A royal court, often called simply a court when the royal context is clear, is an extended royal household in a monarchy, including all those who regularly attend on a monarch, or another central figure. Hence, the word "court" may also be applied to the coterie of a senior member of the nobility. Royal courts may have their seat in a designated place, several specific places, or be a mobile, itinerant court. In the largest courts, the royal households, many thousands of individuals comprised the court. These courtiers included the monarch or noble's camarilla and retinue, household, nobility, clergy, those with court appointments, bodyguards, and may also include emissaries from other kingdoms or visitors to the court. Foreign princes and foreign nobility in exile may also seek refuge at a court. Near Eastern and Far Eastern courts often included the harem and concubines as well as eunuchs who fulfilled a variety of functions. At times, the harem was walled off and separate ...
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Curial E Güelfa
''Curial e Güelfa'' is an anonymous Catalan chivalric romance of the fifteenth century, notable for incorporating elements of Italian humanism. Known from a single manuscript and unpublished until the twentieth century, it is today considered a highly original masterpiece. The romance is set in the late thirteenth century. Curial and Güelfa, the title characters, are a knight and his lady. Curial travels widely, performing deeds of chivalry, but a rift opens between him and Güelfa. During further travels he is shipwrecked and enslaved in a pagan land. He escapes with a fortune and, after defeating the pagans, is reunited to Güelfa. Date, place and authorship ''Curial'' was probably written in the period 1443–1448 or thereabouts. Since it refers to the Hospitaller '' langue'' of Spain, it was probably completed before 1462, when that ''langue'' was divided between Aragon and Castile. It is written in the Valencian dialect of Catalan, which was then the prestige dialect, ...
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Napoléon Joseph Curial
Napoléon Joseph Curial (9 January 1809 – 22 September 1861) was a French peer and politician. Early years (1809–48) Napoléon Joseph Curial was born in Paris on 9 January 1809. His family originated in Savoy. His parents were Count Philibert Jean-Baptiste François Joseph Curial (1774–1829) and Clémentine Amélie Beugnot (1788–1840). His father was a general in the First French Empire and earned a well deserved reputation in the battles of Austerlitz, Eylau, Friedland and Essling. Under the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration his father was named a Peer of France. He died in 1829 after falling from a horse. Napoléon Joseph Curial was admitted as a page to King Louis XVIII of France, then at the age of 16 entered the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. Two years later he left the school in 1827 as a second lieutenant in the mounted grenadiers of the royal guard. He served with distinction in the invasion of Algiers in 1830, where he earned promoti ...
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