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Craigieburn Railway Line
The Craigieburn railway line (previously the Broadmeadows line and Essendon line) is a commuter rail passenger train service operating between Craigieburn in the northern suburbs and Flinders Street in Melbourne, Australia. The service is part of the Public Transport Victoria metropolitan rail network. Description The line rises steadily after leaving North Melbourne until after Essendon, then drops a little to cross Moonee Ponds Creek, and soon after encounters the Glenroy Bank, a continuous rising gradient of 1 in 50 for nearly that taxed locomotive-hauled trains in the days of steam. After Glenroy, it continues to rise Craigieburn and beyond. Earthworks are, however, generally moderate. The almost-continuous gradients were a factor when, in 2003, an unmanned suburban train rolled the length of the line from Broadmeadows to the city, and crashed into a stationary but loaded passenger train waiting to depart Spencer Street station. No one was killed or seriously in ...
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Commuter Rail
Commuter rail, or suburban rail, is a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates within a metropolitan area, connecting commuters to a central city from adjacent suburbs or commuter towns. Generally commuter rail systems are considered heavy rail, using electrified or diesel trains. Distance charges or zone pricing may be used. The term can refer to systems with a wide variety of different features and service frequencies, but is often used in contrast to rapid transit or light rail. Similar non-English terms include ''Treno suburbano'' in Italian, ''Cercanías'' in Spanish, Aldiriak in Basque, Rodalia in Catalan/Valencian, Proximidades in Galician, ''Proastiakos'' in Greek, ''Train de banlieue'' in French, '' Banliyö treni '' in Turkish, ''Příměstský vlak'' or ''Esko'' in Czech, ''Elektrichka'' in Russian, ''Pociąg podmiejski '' in Polish and ''Pendeltåg'' in Swedish. Some services share similarities with both commuter rail and high-frequency rapid ...
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Public Transport Victoria
Public Transport Victoria (PTV) is the brand name for public transport in the Australian state of Victoria, Australia, Victoria. It was the trading name of the Go Public Transport Development Authority (PTDA), a now-defunct statutory authority in Victoria, responsible for providing, coordinating, and promoting public transport. The PTV began operating on 2 April 2012, taking over many of the responsibilities previously exercised by the Director of Public Transport and the Department of Transport (Victoria, 2008–13), Department of Transport. It also took over the marketing of public transport in Victoria from Metlink and Metlink#Viclink, Viclink, as well as responsibility for the myki ticketing system, formerly handled by the Transport Ticketing Authority. PTV's functions were transferred to the Department of Transport (Victoria), Department of Transport on 1 July 2019. However, PTV continues to exist as the brand for public transport services in Victoria. Governance PTV is ...
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2003 Melbourne Runaway Train
On 3 February 2003, a Comeng electric multiple unit train rolled away from Broadmeadows station in Melbourne, Australia, before it ran for nearly out of control without a driver and eventually crashed into another train about to depart Spencer Street station.Spencer Street station has since been renamed Southern Cross. Train controllers attempted several times to stop or redirect the train, but were limited in their ability to intervene, instead being forced to alter the route of other trains to avert a more serious collision. Eleven people on board the stationary train were injured; authorities did not know until after the crash if any passengers were on board the runaway. An investigation identified driver error as the cause of the accident, but the runaway event prompted significant debate about the role of government authorities and private operators in ensuring safety and reliability on the Melbourne rail network. Background Three days prior to the Melbourne crash, the ...
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Earthworks (engineering)
Earthworks are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the earth's surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock. Shoring structures An incomplete list of possible temporary or permanent geotechnical shoring structures that may be designed and utilised as part of earthworks: *Mechanically stabilized earth *Earth anchor * Cliff stabilization *Grout curtain *Retaining wall *Slurry wall *Soil nailing *Tieback (geotechnical) *Trench shoring * Caisson *Dam *Gabion *Ground freezing Gallery File:Mechanically stabilized earth diagram.gif, Mechanically stabilized earth File:GroutCurtain.gif, Grout curtain File:Retaining Wall Type Function.jpg, Retaining wall types File:Soil Nail.jpg, Soil nailing File:FEMA - 6044 - Photograph by Larry Lerner taken on 03-15-2002 in New York.jpg, Tieback File:Sbh s600.JPG, Trench shoring File:Caisson Schematic.svg, Caisson File:Vyrnwy dam.JPG, Dam File:Gabion 040.jpg, Gabions File:Cross section of a ground freezing pipe as u ...
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Glenroy Railway Station
Glenroy railway station is located on the Craigieburn line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the northern Melbourne suburb of Glenroy, and opened on 24 January 1887.Glenroy
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History

The railway past the site of Glenroy station was opened in 1872, as part of the to School House Lane. Like the suburb itself, the station is named after a pastoral run occupied by Duncan Cameron, who originated from

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Steam Locomotive
A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomotive's boiler to the point where it becomes gaseous and its volume increases 1,700 times. Functionally, it is a steam engine on wheels. In most locomotives, the steam is admitted alternately to each end of its cylinders, in which pistons are mechanically connected to the locomotive's main wheels. Fuel and water supplies are usually carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself or in a tender coupled to it. Variations in this general design include electrically-powered boilers, turbines in place of pistons, and using steam generated externally. Steam locomotives were first developed in the United Kingdom during the early 19th century and used for railway transport until the middle of the 20th century. Richard Trevithick ...
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Gradient
In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar-valued differentiable function of several variables is the vector field (or vector-valued function) \nabla f whose value at a point p is the "direction and rate of fastest increase". If the gradient of a function is non-zero at a point , the direction of the gradient is the direction in which the function increases most quickly from , and the magnitude of the gradient is the rate of increase in that direction, the greatest absolute directional derivative. Further, a point where the gradient is the zero vector is known as a stationary point. The gradient thus plays a fundamental role in optimization theory, where it is used to maximize a function by gradient ascent. In coordinate-free terms, the gradient of a function f(\bf) may be defined by: :df=\nabla f \cdot d\bf where ''df'' is the total infinitesimal change in ''f'' for an infinitesimal displacement d\bf, and is seen to be maximal when d\bf is in the direction of the gradi ...
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Moonee Ponds Creek
Moonee is a coastal suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the local government area. Moonee is largely unpopulated, with nearly all of its land area being part of the Munmorah State Conservation Area. In the west of the area is the decommissioned Moonee Colliery Moonee is a coastal suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for .... Suburbs of the Central Coast (New South Wales) {{CentralCoastNSW-geo-stub ...
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Essendon Railway Station
Essendon railway station is located on the Craigieburn line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the northern Melbourne suburb of Essendon, and it opened on 1 November 1860.Essendon
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History

Essendon opened as the terminus of the private line. The station closed with the line on 1 July 1864, but was reopened on 9 October 1871, under . The line to the north was opened in 1872, as part of the



North Melbourne Railway Station
North Melbourne railway station is the junction for the Craigieburn, Flemington Racecourse, Sunbury, Upfield, Werribee and Williamstown lines in Victoria, Australia. It serves the inner-city Melbourne suburb of West Melbourne, and opened on 6 October 1859.North Melbourne
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North Melbourne Station
Rail Geelong
Located on the northern edge of the , the station is listed on the

Sprinter Near Somerton
Sprinter can refer to: In sport * A participant in sprint (running) * Sprinter (cycling), a type of racing cyclist * Sprint train, a group of road bicycle racers who at the end of a race work together to set a high pace to help their sprinter * A sprint car racing vehicle Motor vehicles * Mercedes-Benz Sprinter (or 'Dodge Sprinter', 'Freightliner Sprinter'), a cargo van * Toyota Sprinter, a compact car Trains * Sprinter (British Rail), a family of diesel multiple units built for British Rail in the 1980s * NS SGMm (''Stadsgewestelijk Materieel''), a Dutch electric multiple unit in service since 1975, commonly referred to as "Sprinter old generation" * NS Sprinter Lighttrain, a Dutch electric multiple unit in service since 2009 * Sprinter (rail line), a hybrid rail service in San Diego County, California * Sprinter New Generation, a Dutch train manufactured by Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles * V/Line Sprinter, a diesel multiple unit operated by V/Line in Austra ...
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