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Counting Token (other)
Counting token may refer to: * Accounting token, historically used for record keeping * Counter (collectible card games), a gameplay mechanic used in collectible card games * Counter (board wargames), a gameplay mechanic used in board wargames * Jeton, a token used on reckoning boards for calculations See also * Counter (other) Counter may refer to: Mathematics and computing * Counter machine, a subclass of register machines * Counter (digital), an electronic device, mechanical device, or computer program for counting * Loop counter, the variable that controls the itera ...
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Accounting Token
Number systems have progressed from the use of fingers and tally marks, perhaps more than 40,000 years ago, to the use of sets of glyphs able to represent any conceivable number efficiently. The earliest known unambiguous notations for numbers emerged in Mesopotamia about 5000 or 6000 years ago. Prehistory Counting initially involves the fingers, given that digit-tallying is common in number systems that are emerging today, as is the use of the hands to express the numbers five and ten. In addition, the majority of the world's number systems are organized by tens, fives, and twenties, suggesting the use of the hands and feet in counting, and cross-linguistically, terms for these amounts are etymologically based on the hands and feet. Finally, there are neurological connections between the parts of the brain that appreciate quantity and the part that "knows" the fingers (finger gnosia), and these suggest that humans are neurologically predisposed to use their hands in count ...
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Counter (collectible Card Games)
A counter is a gameplay mechanic used in collectible card game A collectible card game (CCG), also called a trading card game (TCG) among other names, is a type of card game that mixes strategy game, strategic deck building elements with features of trading cards, introduced with ''Magic: The Gathering'' in ...s (CCG) that physically represents an effect generated by a card. It is represented by any number of small objects, usually glass beads, coins, Dice#Non-cubical dice, dice, or Bingo (US), bingo chips. They are typically placed on the card generating the counter. This effect may be a count tally for keeping track of things like monitoring a life total, hit points, or a status of a card. These counters should not be confused with effects that negate or stop a card or effect from being played, in other words a ''counteractive'' card. Types of counters *Creature counter - also known as token creatures that are generated by cards. *Time counter - a starting amount of counte ...
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Counter (board Wargames)
A counter is usually a small cardboard square moved around on the map of a board wargame to represent relevant information or determine certain things. The first wargame based on cardboard counters was '' War Tactics or Can Great Britain Be Invaded?'' invented by Arthur Renals of Leicester in 1911.Christopher Lewin, ''War Games and their History'', Chapter 8, Fonthill Media, Stroud (GB) 2012, The first wargame bringing counters to a mass-market was ''Tactics'', invented by Charles S. Roberts in 1952. Traditional wargames typically have hundreds of counters ('' The Russian Campaign'', 225; '' GI: Anvil of Victory'', 856; '' Terrible Swift Sword'', 2,000). ''Squad Leader'' had counters of different sizes: 520 -inch counters and 192 -inch, with the different sizes used for different purposes. Boardgame counters are often closely related to military map marking symbols, such as those seen in the NATO standard APP-6a, and often include a simplified APP-6a representation as part o ...
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Jeton
Jetons or jettons are tokens or coin-like medals produced across Europe from the 13th through the 18th centuries. They were produced as counters for use in calculation on a counting board, a lined board similar to an abacus. They also found use as a money substitute in games, similar to modern casino chips or poker chips. Thousands of different jetons exist, mostly of religious and educational designs, as well as portraits, the last of which most resemble coinage, somewhat similar to modern, non-circulation commemorative coins. The spelling " jeton" is from the French; it is sometimes spelled " jetton" in English. Roman calculi The Romans similarly used pebbles (in Latin: ''calculi'' "little stones", whence English ''calculate''). Addition is straightforward, and relatively efficient algorithms for multiplication and division were known. Arabic numerals As Arabic numerals and the zero came into use, "pen reckoning" gradually displaced "counter casting" as the common account ...
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