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Corpo D'Armata Motocorazzato
The Motorized-Armored Army Corps ( it, Corpo d'Armata Motocorazzato) was a Royal Italian Army army corps established on 25 July 1943 led by general Giacomo Carboni. From an Italian website History The corps was established after the deposition of and was formed with the most efficient divisions of the Royal Italian Army. The goal of the Corps was to defend Rome from an allied invasion, but after the signing of the in September 1943 its new task was to defend Rome from the |
Royal Italian Army
The Royal Italian Army ( it, Regio Esercito, , Royal Army) was the land force of the Kingdom of Italy, established with the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. During the 19th century Italy started to unify into one country, and in 1861 Manfredo Fanti signed a decree creating the Army of the Two Sicilies. This newly created army's first task was to defend against the repressive power in southern Italy. The Army of the Two Sicilies combated against criminals and other armies during this time of unification. After the monarchy ended in 1946, the army changed its name to become the modern Italian Army (). Within the Italian Royal Army are the elite mountain military corporals called, the Alpini. The Alpini are the oldest active mountain infantry in the world. Their original mission was to protect and secure Italy's northern mountain border that aligns with France and Austria. This group emerged in World War I when a three-year campaign was fought against the Austro-Hungarian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Corps
Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was first named as such in 1805. The size of a corps varies greatly, but from two to five divisions and anywhere from 40,000 to 80,000 are the numbers stated by the US Department of Defense. Within military terminology a corps may be: *an operational formation, sometimes known as a field corps, which consists of two or more divisions, such as the , later known as ("First Corps") of Napoleon I's ); *an administrative corps (or mustering) – that is a specialized branch of a military service (such as an artillery corps, a medical corps, or a force of military police) or; *in some cases, a distinct service within a national military (such as the United States Marine Corps). These usages often overlap. Corps may also be a generic term for a non-military organization, such as the US Peace Corps and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giacomo Carboni
Giacomo Carboni (29 April 1889 – 2 December 1973) was an Italian general who was the commander of ''Corpo d'armata motocorazzato'' deployed around Rome in the early days of September 1943. Life and career Born in Reggio Emilia he joined the Modena Military Academy where he was commissioned Sottotenente. Then he fought in the Libyan war. During World War I he was an officer of the Alpini. In 1936–37 he was commander of the 81st infantry regiment during the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, in 1939 he was Vice Commander of Cacciatori delle Alpi division. From September 1939 to June 1940 he was the chief of SIM. As chief of the Italian military secret service he wrote a series of reports to Mussolini wherein the Italian preparation to the war was described as inadequate. Carboni was dismissed from his post at SIM and was made commander of the Modena Military Academy. From December 1941 until November 1942, he was commander of the 20 Infantry Division Friuli and in the first h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 1943, and "Duce" of Italian Fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919 until his execution in 1945 by Italian partisans. As dictator of Italy and principal founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of fascist movements during the inter-war period. Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and a journalist at the ''Avanti!'' newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but he was expelled from the PSI for advocating military intervention in World War I, in opposition to the party's stance on neutrality. In 1914, Mussolini founded a new journal, ''Il Popolo d'Italia'', and served in the Royal Italian Army durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armistice Of Cassibile
The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 and made public on 8 September between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies during World War II. It was signed by Major General Walter Bedell Smith for the Allies and Brigade General Giuseppe Castellano for Italy at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile, in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both the Italian King Victor Emmanuel III and Marshal Badoglio, the Prime Minister of Italy at the time. Germany moved rapidly by freeing Benito Mussolini (12 September) and attacking Italian forces in Italy (8–19 September), southern France and the Balkans. The Italian forces were quickly defeated, and most of Italy was occupied by German troops, who established a puppet state, the Italian Social Republic. The king, the Italian government, and most of the navy escaped to territories occupied by the Allies. Backgroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Achse
Operation Achse (german: Fall Achse, lit=Case Axis), originally called Operation Alaric (), was the codename for the German operation to forcibly disarm the Italian armed forces after Italy's armistice with the Allies on 3 September 1943. Several German divisions had entered Italy after the fall of Benito Mussolini in July 1943, while Italy was officially still an ally of Germany, despite the protests of the new Italian government under Pietro Badoglio. The armistice was made public on 8 September. German forces moved rapidly to take over the Italian zones of occupation in the Balkans and southern France, and to disarm Italian forces in Italy. Some Italian troops, with no orders from superiors, and hampered by many desertions, resisted the Germans. Most notably on the Greek island of Cephalonia, where 1,315 Italian soldiers were killed in action against the Germans and over 5,100 prisoners of war of the 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui" were summarily executed by the German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Badoglio Proclamation
The Badoglio Proclamation was a speech read on Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche (EIAR) at 19:42 on 8 September 1943 by Marshal Pietro Badoglio, Italian head of government, announcing that the Armistice of Cassibile between Italy and the Allies signed on the 3rd of September had come into force. It followed a speech on Radio Algiers by U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower at 18:30 (17:30 Algerian time) also announcing the armistice. Text Results The abandonment of Rome by the military high command, the head of government Badoglio, King Victor Emmanuel III and the king's son, Crown Prince Umberto, their move towards Pescara then Brindisi, and above all the proclamation's use of a format which did not give the clauses of the armistice in a clearly comprehensible form (which was largely wrongly interpreted as meaning a complete end to the war) all led to confusion. This was particularly so among the Italian Armed Forces on all fronts, who remained unaware of the armistice's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Infantry Division "Piave"
The 10th Infantry Division "Piave" ( it, 10ª Divisione di fanteria "Piave") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. At the beginning of World War II Piave was classified as an auto-transportable division, meaning it had some motorized transport, but not enough to move the entire division at once. On 15 July 1941 the division reorganized to a fully motorized division and was renamed 10th Motorized Division "Piave" ( it, 10ª Divisione motorizzata "Piave"). The division was named after the river Piave, where during World War I Italy and Austria fought three major battles. The division had its recruiting area in Veneto and its headquarters in Padua. Its two infantry regiments were based in Vicenza (57th) and Padua (58th), with the division's artillery regiment also based in Padua. History The division's lineage begins with the Brigade "Abruzzi" established on 16 April 1861 with the 57th and 58th infantry regiments. World War I The brigade fough ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
21st Infantry Division "Granatieri Di Sardegna"
The 21st Infantry Division "Granatieri di Sardegna" ( it, 21ª Divisione di fanteria "Granatieri di Sardegna") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The division's name translates as "Grenadiers of Sardinia", referring to the Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the Italian Royal House of Savoy before the unification of Italy as Kingdom of Italy. History The division's lineage begins with the royal guard Brigade "Guardie" established on 1 November 1815. On 20 January 1816 the brigade absorbed all grenadier units of the Royal Sardinian Army and was renamed Brigade "Granatieri Guardie". At the time the brigade consisted of four grenadier battalions. In 1831 the infantry brigades of the Royal Sardinian Army were split and formed each two infantry regiments, except for the Brigade "Granatieri Guardie", which did instead added the Regiment "Cacciatori Guardie" with its two Cacciatori battalions. The brigade's new structure was: * Brigade "Guardie" ** 1st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
135th Armored Cavalry Division "Ariete"
The 135th Armored Cavalry Division "Ariete" ( it, 135ª Divisione cavalleria corazzata "Ariete", colloquially also known as "135th Armored Division "Ariete II") was an armored division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. It was formed in 1943 and named to commemorate the 132nd Armored Division "Ariete", which had distinguished itself during the Western Desert campaign and was destroyed during the Second Battle of El Alamein. After the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943 the division fought the invading German forces South of Rome. After two days the division was forced to surrender and was disbanded by the Germans on 12 September 1943. History The 132nd Armored Division "Ariete" had been formed in Milan in February 1939 and been sent to Libya in 1941. The division participated in all battles of the Western Desert campaign until it fought to annihilation during the Second Battle of El Alamein. On 21 November 1942 the remnants of the 132 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"
The 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro" ( it, 136ª Divisione legionaria corazzata "Centauro", colloquially also known as "136th Armored Division "Centauro II") was an armored warfare, armored Division (military), division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The division had been formed in June 1942 as 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M" (M for Mussolini), but was renamed after the fall of the fascist regime in July 1943. In September 1943 it was in training near Rome and was disbanded by the Germans after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile. History 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M" The 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M" ( it, 1ª Divisione corazzata Camicie Nere "M") was formed after the Adolf Hitler, Hitler-Benito Mussolini, Mussolini summit at Schloss Klessheim in April 1943. The division was intended as Mussolini's personal guard division and therefore composed of hand-picked fanatical Blackshirts, who had already seen combat on the Eastern Front (Wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Bersaglieri Regiment
The 18th Bersaglieri Regiment ( it, 18° Reggimento Bersaglieri) is an inactive unit of the Italian Army last based in Cosenza in Calabria. The regiment is part of the army's infantry corps' Bersaglieri speciality and was last operationally assigned to the Bersaglieri Brigade "Garibaldi". History World War I The 18th Bersaglieri Regiment was raised on 31 January 1917 by the depot of the 12th Bersaglieri Regiment in Milan. It received the newly raised battalions LXIX (raised by the 10th Bersaglieri Regiment), LXVII (raised by the 11th Bersaglieri Regiment), and LXVIII (raised by the 12th Bersaglieri Regiment). The regiment immediately entered the front along the Isonzo and distinguished itself rapidly, earning a Gold Medal of Military Valour on 16-17 November 1917 in Fagarè on the shores of the Piave river, where the Royal Italian Army tried to establish the new front after the disastrous defeat at the Battle of Caporetto. After the war the 18th Bersaglieri Regiment was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
